ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03510.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMonospecific antibodies to individual keratin polypeptides can be used to examine the tissue and cellular coexpression of members of keratin pairs. Monospecific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies have been raised to keratins 1 and 10 using both crude cytoskeletal extracts and synthetic peptides. The tissue distribution of these keratins has been determined against a panel of freshly frozen normal tissues from humans, rodents and pigs, Epidermal expression has been examined in psoriatic plaques, and healing wounds, as examples of epidermal hyperproliferation. Cultured keratinocytes in monolayer(low calcium), stratified (high calcium), and complex cultures, transformed keratinocytes, and tumour cell lines, have been examined for the in vitro expression of these keratins. The sensitivity and precise localization of reactivity with these monospecific antibodies gives a highly accurate picture of individual cell expression. There is confirmation of coexpression of keratins 1 and 10 in epidermal and mucosal sites, and with keratin 16 in hyperproliferative states. These monospecific antibodies provide an important means of examining keratin expression in epidermal tumours and keratinizing disorders, and of seeking keratin mutations in cell lines and in skin diseases.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03511.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryEpidermal dendritic cells of normal adult foreskin, and of lesional skin from patients with atopic eczema, stasis eczema and urticaria pigmentosa are shown to be highly reactive with two different monoclonal antibodies (29C6 and 6F7) specific for extracellular domains of the α‐chain of the high‐affinity IgE receptor. By their distribution pattern, the reactive cells are Langerhans cells. This is confirmed by immunoelectron microscopic demonstration of Birbeck granules in the labelled epidermal cells. Very weak staining is observed on the same cells with an antibody (TÜl) against the low‐affinity IgE receptor. Pre‐incubation of the sections with IgE partially blocks binding of 6F7 antibody. Langerhans cells, together with dermal mast cells, can therefore bind IgE with high efficiency, and may in this way participate in IgE‐mediated cutaneo

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03512.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe variety of functions performed by monocytes and macrophages is reflected in their phenotypic diversity. Investigation of this complex system is facilitated by Ki‐M1P, a new monoclonal antibody which recognizes a differentiation antigen on monocytes/macrophages in paraffin‐embedded tissues. To test its usefulness as a pan‐macrophage marker in the skin, we immunohistochemically analysed paraffin‐embedded biopsy material from seven healthy individuals and 190 patients with a variety of dermatoses. immunoreactivity was compared with results obtained with the antibodies KP‐1. MAC‐387. UCHL‐1 and S‐100. In normal skin, epidermal Langerhans cells were Ki‐MlP−Strong expression of this marker was detected on spindle‐shaped as well as dendritic perivascular and intervascular macrophages. Pathological reaction forms such as giant cells and epithelioid cells in granulomatous dermatoses were also Ki‐M1P.+The high specificity of Ki‐M1P is reflected in the lack of reactivity with tumour cells in non‐monocytic neoplasms and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Thus. Ki‐MlP is a useful marker for skin macrophages. discriminating between the immunoaccessory an

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03513.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThrombospondin (TSP) is an adhesive protein with multiple binding sites, which Is able to mediate several cell‐to‐cell and cell‐to‐matrix interactions, particularly through its cell membrane receptor (TSP‐R). Because human keratinocytes are able to synthesize and express TSP, and as TSP is also localized at the dermal–epidermal junction in normal human skin, we questioned whether epidermal cells are able to bind available TSP, that is to express TSP‐R. To investigate this, we employed gold immunoelectron microscopy on epidermal cells freshly isolated from normal human skin; the TSP‐R was detected by OKM5 monoclonal antibody. Epidermal cells showing ultrastructural characteristics of melanocytes were gold‐stained on their plasma membrane, whereas keratinocytes. Langerhans cells and lymphocytes were unstained. Although functional studies are clearly necessary to clarify the role(s) played by the TSP‐R on the cell surface of melanocytes, it is tempting to speculate that the TSP‐R may be important for melanocyte adhesion to the dermal–epidermal junction and to keratinocytes. Such adhesion may not only subserve the steric localization of melanocytes. hut also have important implications for those functional activities of melanocytes which have been shown to require close contact between these cells and adjacent keratinocytes and/or basem

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03514.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryArrector pili muscles have been assumed to attach to one side of the hair follicle, specifically the posterior wall of the bulge area. In this study, we demonstrated immunohistochemically that desmin‐reactive arrector pili muscle, admixed with the connective tissue sheath, is present around the entire circumference of the vellus hair follicl

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03515.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOne hundred and fifty‐two patients in whom a diagnosis of dermatitis herpetiformis was made at St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London, during 1950–85, were followed from the date of diagnosis to the end of 1989 for mortality, and from 1971, or the date of diagnosis if later, to 1986 for cancer incidence. Thirty‐eight deaths occurred under the age of 85, slightly fewer than expected on the basis of national general population rates [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 87; 95% confidence interval (CI) 61–119]. All‐cause mortality was somewhat lower in patients who had followed a gluten‐free diet (SMR= 51; 17–120) than in those who had not (SMR = 97; 66–136), but the difference in SMRs was not significant (P=0.3). Cancer mortality was non‐significantly below expectations from national rates (SMR=72; 31–142), but cancer incidence was significantly increased [standardized registration ratio (SRR) = 394, 180–749]. No particular cancer site accounted for the cancer incidence excess. One death occurred from cancer of the small intestine (SMR = 4953,P= 0.04), and one lymphoma was incident (SRR= 1555,P=0.12). Increased risks of these malignancies have previously been found to be associated with coeliac disease (which is present in many patients with dermatitis herpetiformis), and with dermatitis herpetiformis, respectively. Mortality from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) was significantly below national rates (SMR = 3 7; 95% CI 12–86), and was similar in patients who had followed a gluten‐free diet and those who had not. Malabsorption may be protective against IHD; investigation of lipid levels in patients with dermatitis herpetifo

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03516.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effect of Granuflex™ Hydrocolloid Granules (0.0l–0.50% w/v) on the rate of proliferation of murine (L929) fibroblasts was examined. The dose–response curve showed a significant (P<0.02) pro‐proliferant effect at 0.05%, and a significant (P<0.02) antiproliferant effect at 0.50%, mirroring the dose–response curve produced by hydrogen peroxide in the concentration range 10−9–10−4mol/l. The antiproliferant effect at 0.20% w/v was abolished by catalase, suggesting that the biological activity of Granuflex was mediated by thein situgeneration of hydrogen peroxide. Formation of hydrogen peroxide by Granuflex was confirmed by performing the scopoletinhorseradish peroxidase assay in the presence and absence of catalase. The total concentration of hydrogen peroxide detected was about 8 × 10−6mol/1 (using 0.5% w/v Granuflex) after 48 h at 37°C. In contrast, when hydrogen peroxide itself was added to L929 cultures, a similar antiproliferant activity was observed at concentrations between 10−4and 10−5mol/l. These results suggested that Granuflex was undergoing autoxidation in the culture medium, and hence that it might possess antioxidant activity. In assays for antioxidant activity using 1,l‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyI (DPPH), Granuflex, and two other hydrocolloid dressings (Comfeel® Powder and Bard® Absorption Dressing) showed significant ability to reduce DPPH to DPPH2. These three dressings also displayed superoxide scavenging activity in a nitroblue tetrazolium reduction assay. We conclude that, in addition to providing a moist wound‐healing environment. Granuflex and certain other hydrocolloids might contribute to the establishment and maintenance of the reducing environment necessary for energy production and hence cell division. The release of hydrogen peroxide into the wound environment couid conceivably contribute both to the inflammation phase of wound healing and to fibroblast proliferatio

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe hydrogen peroxide generating capacity of Granuflex™ Hydrocolloid Granules and its constituents (porcine gelatin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and pectin) was examined using the scopoletinhorseradish peroxidase assay in the presence and absence of catalase. Oxygen purging reduced the formation of hydrogen peroxide by 77–96%. The total concentrations of hydrogen peroxide detected were 1.9 × 10−6, 1.2 × 10−6and 2.3 × 10−6mol/1 for Granuflex. pectin and gelatin (using 0.5% w/v), respectively, after 48 h incubation in a phosphate buffer. pH 7.4, at 37°C, No hydrogen peroxide was formed by sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The results indicate that hydrogen peroxide generation by Granuflex may be ascribed to its gelatin and pectin components, but not to the sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The release of low levels of hydrogen peroxide into the wound environment could conceivably contribute both to the inflammatory phase and to fibroblast proliferation, and hence to the granulation phase of

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFifty‐four patients taking minocycline for acne or rosacea were assessed for adverse effects. Their mean duration of treatment was 17 months, and their average cumulative dose was 47 g. No symptoms attributable to the therapy were reported. Biochemistry and haematology profiles were normal. There was no evidence of an adverse effect on thyroid function. Skin pigmentation was detected in eight patients (14.8%1. Five patients had diffuse facial pigmentation, and three patients had localized pigmentation at the site of a scar or injury. Diffuse pigmentation occurred only in patients who had been on treatment for 3 years or more; 50% of such patients were affected. Age and solar damage may also have been factors in this type of pigmentation. Localized pigmentation occurred at sites of previous tissue damage, and was not directly related to the duration of therapy. Patients who receive long‐term minocycline therapy should be regularly monitored for the development of pigmentat

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY