摘要:

SummaryThe skiu affords an excellent model of human carcinogenesis because a variety of lesions from benign tumours to invasive malignancy, with or without metastatic potential, are commonly found, and are accessible to biopsy. To date, few genetic alterations have been observed in skin neoplasia. In this study we have used a recently developed monoclonal antibody (DO7) to examine p53 protein expression in a wide variety of benign and malignant skin lesions. Benign skin lesions were negative, but a significant number of malignant epithelial lesions showed detectable p53: 56% of squamous carcinomas and 42% of basal cell carcinomas were positive. A smaller proportion of dysplastic epithelial lesions were positive (27%). and only 3.6% of malignant melanomas were positive. Thus, although detectable p53 protein is a common occurrence in malignant epithelial lesions, it does not correlate with the malignant phenotype or with metastatic potential. The finding of a lower proportion of positivity in dysplastic lesions. and absence of staining in benign tumours, suggests that p53 mutation may be involved in the progression towards invasive malignancy in human squamous skin lesions.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00164.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe human pilosebaceous duct was isolated and maintained for 7 days in defined medium, and defined medium supplemented with 1 μm 13‐cisretinoic acid. Freshly isolated ducts retained theirin vivomorphology, showing a stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium. On maintenance there was a loss of basic duct architecture, and a significant reduction in the rate of [methyl‐3H] thymidine uptake. The addition of 1 μM 1 3‐cis retinoic acid resulted in an improved duct architecture and caused a further signiticant reduction in the rate of [methyl‐3H] thymidine uptake. [Methyl‐3H] thymidine autoradiography showed that freshly isolated ducts maintained theirin situpattern of cell division. It was difficult to discern the region of celi division in ducts maintained for 7 days, but the degree of graining reflected the measured rates of [methyl‐3H] thymidine uptake into PCA precipitable material. The pattern of keratin synthesis of the freshly isolated duct was similar to patterns previously described for the ductin situ.This study reports the successful isolation and maintenance of the human pilosebaceous duct, and demonstrates that 13‐cis retinoic acid acts directly at the le

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryDermal capillaries in the gaiter area of the lower leg were examined by video‐microscopy before and after the administration of intravenous fluorescein in 13 patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) who were at risk of developing leg ulceration. and in 13 normal controls. The influence of posture on capillary perfusion was determined by viewing the same area of skin with the leg in both the supine and dependent positions. Capillary density was lower in patients than in controls, irrespective of the position of the leg (P<0.01). Fluorescence angiography studies in normal controls showed a reduction in capillary density with dependency (P<0.01). but patients with CVI showed no significant change. Fluorescence angiography revealed a greater numher of capillaries than seen during native capillaroscopy (P<0.05). The decreased capillary density, and the loss of the postural vasoconstrictor reflex in patients with chronic venous incompetence may play a role in the pathogenesis of ulceratio

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySkin blood flow in the lower leg is increased by external compression in standing subjects. This prevents the hypoxia induced by standing. The maximum increase in oxygen tension is seen when the external pressure is 40–50 mmHg. Pressures in the range of those produced by lightweight elastic stockings were found to be ineffective. Our results uphold the commonly held clinical opinion that only compression bandages or strong stockings are effective in the treatment of venous ulcers.External compression when the subject is recumbent causes skin oxygen tension to fall. Uniform external pressure exceeding 10 mmHg should therefore be avoided in the prophylactic treatment of post‐operative deep‐vein thrombosis. This observation suggests that when the patient is confined to bed, only lightweight stockings are safe in the prophylaxis of post‐operative deep‐vein t

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMany doctors frequently encounter hirsute patients. Quantification of hair growth may be useful for diagnosis and follow‐up. To establish the reference range for distribution and density of hair in females, and to determine the regions yielding the best discrimination between normal and hirsute women, we studied the distrihution and density of terminal hair on 12 body regions assessed on a scale of 0–4. Prospectively, 81 healthy female volunteers and 71 hirsute patients of child‐bearing age and Dutch ancestry, who were not receiving medication, and who had not had a recent pregnancy were studied. The reference hair pattern was established for each body region, and the threshold value yielding the highest sensitivity and specificity to evaluate hirsutism was calculated. None of the women in the reference population displayed a score of more than 1 for chin, upper back, upper abdomen and upper arm, or more than 2 for upper lip, side‐burns, chest, lower back, lower abdomen, thighs or forearm. The best discrimination between the reference and hirsute populations was obtained with the sum of the scores for four regions: upper Up, chin. lower abdomen and thighs. Independent assessment of hair growth by two investigators revealed excellent agreement. We conclude that a score of more than 1 for chin, upper back, upper abdomen and upper arm, or more than 2 for upper lip. side‐burns, chest, lower back, lower abdomen, thighs or forearm is abnormal for Dutch women, and that assessment of hair growth on the upper lip, chin, lower abdomen and thighs is the most suitable way to evaluate

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe studied the papillomfiviruses (HPV) found in 131 common warts Irom 111 immunocompetent patients by amplification of viral DNA sequences with the general‐primer‐mediatcd polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The virus types were determined by restriction‐enzyme cleavage and reverse‐hlot analysis. Results were confirmed by using the Southern blot technique.Forty patients harboured HPV 2a. 25 individuals showed HPV 2c and 13 yielded HPV 57. Common warts from 16 patients were induced by a variant of HPV 57. HPV 7 was found in four patients. HPV 1 was identified in two patients, and there was evidence for HPV 4 in only one case. One individual yielded an HPV type wbich was only weakly related to HPV 2. Three patients were infected by more than one HPV type. PCR did not demonstrate HPV‐DNA in warts from six individuals. The distribution and variation of HPV types found in the common warts of immunocompetent patients were similar to the findings in immunocompromised patients reported by othe

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe clinical and histological features of 49 lesions induced by human papillomavirus type 1 (HPV‐1) were studied. The majority of cases showed the typical clinical features and location of such lesions. They were usually located on the ventral or lateral surfaces of the hands or feet, and were dome‐shaped lesions with a central depression.However, HPV‐1‐induced lesions located on other hody areas displayed different clinical features, such as those of common warts, a digitate wart, and a cutaneous horn. One lesion on a healing burn scar had a herpes‐like appearance. As these 49 lesions were induced by the same type of HPV(HPV‐1). differences in their clinical features are likely to have been due to host‐re

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTo resolve the problem of whether nail is formed continuously along the length of the nail bed as well as by the germinal matrix, nail thickness was measured at six anatomical points along the length of 20 normal big toe‐nails removed after injury. Nail water content was constant at 9–10% along the nail length, and the nails did not shrink with dehydration. Approximately 79% of nail thickness was contributed by the nail matrix, and 21% by the nail bed. The rate of nail production was constant at 0.13 mm/mm along the lunula and 0‐027 mm/mm along the whole bed from the distal lunula to the point of separation at the onychodermal band: the fractional cbange in linear growth and thickness showed less variation than absolute change. The continuous production of nail by the bed provides a simple biological solution to the problem of attachment of a continuously moving plate. It provides a source of entry of drugs into the distal nail piate, and a rationale for the use of much shorter courses of antifungai drugs than previously believed pos

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00171.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryModerately raised levels of circulating anticardiolipin antibodies were found in 14 of 30 patients witb active Adamantiades‐Bebget's disease (46.7%) wbo were not receiving treatment. Three patients sbowed the IgG isotype, nine the IgM isotype, and two bad botb IgG and IgM isotypes. Statistical analysis, to determine possible correlations between anticardiolipin antibodies and clinical features, and meta‐analysis of the data available, were performed.A positive correlation between erytbema nodosum and bistologically confirmed cutaneous vasculitis and the presence of circulating anticardiolipin antibodies of tbe IgM isotype was found (P=0.017 and 0.018, respectively). wbereas the IgG isotype did not correlate with any clinical feature. Evaluation of data on other clinical manifestations showed no correlation, either with the IgG or IgM isotypes. In particular, there was no association of circulating anticardiolipin antibodies with tbe incidence of thrombosis, systemic vasculitis, retinal involvement or neurological features.These results suggest that anticardiolipin antibodies do not play a major patbogenetic role in Adamantiades‐Bebget's disease, but they may serve as an additional marker for a risk of the development of cutaneous vasculitis such as erythema no

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCutaneous photosensitivity reactions are a consistent although uncommon feature of the fluoroqui‐nolone group of antihiotics, which are related to nalidixic acid. Ohjective laboratory and clinical data are now routinely required by regulatory bodies for new drugs suspected of being photosensitizers. but no clear recommendations exist. A series ofin vitrotests ranging in complexity revealed a UVA‐dependent phototoxic potential for the fluoroquinolone norfloxacin similar to that for ciprofloxacin. and less than that of nalidixic acid. Controlled monochromator phototesting, designed to reveal the clinical characteristics, wavelength dependence and severity of cutaneous reactions in normal subjects showed both norfloxacin and ciproHoxacin to have a weak phototoxic potential which clears within 4 weeks of stopping the drug. UVA wavelengths (335±30 nm: 365±30 nm) appear most responsible for producing an asymptomatic erythema which is maximal at 24 h.The clinical study differs from those used previously in being blind, containing positive and negative controls, and phototesting after cessation of drug intake. The methodology has the anticipated limitation of failing to detect idiosyncratic photosensitivity resp

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY