摘要:

SUMMARYA study of 1000 Nigerian albinos, all of Negro stock, showed various types of albinism with their different modes of transmission—oculocutaneous, ocular and cutaneous. The much higher incidence among the more settled communities in the south, compared with the more nomadic communities in the north, may be related to greater inbreeding tendencies in the south.The sun and society are hostile to the albinos. Under the tropical sunshine, their melanin‐deficient skin develops wrinkles, lentigines, actinic keratoses and epitheliomata from which they may die in early adult life or in middle age. Myopia and other ocular defects retard the progress of many albinos in school and they eventually drop out to seek disastrous menial outdoor occupations.Registering albinos early in life, assuring their families that albino defects are confined to the skin and eyes, advising on protective clothing and sun‐screening agents, correcting myopia, assisting with indoor occupations, and early treatment of actinic keratoses and skin cancer should help many albinos to attain social acceptance and a ripe ol

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYRe‐examination of published data from affected families with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) described in the literature between 1896 and 1968 supported the concept of clinical and genetic heterogeneity. There was clinical evidence for two autosomal dominant and one recessive type, although only a single patient with recessive type II was described. Examination of the individual pedigrees supported both autosomal dominant and recessive patterns of inheritance. The pooled genetic data were less helpful because they were so highly selected. (They had been reported in the literature.) Even so the dominant type II data fitted the hypothesis, whilst the type I and recessive groups were near the expected values.The clinical properties of the groups corresponded closely to the recent British (Pope, 1973) survey. In general, the dominant type I group showed classical cutaneous changes, vascular complications were common and the chief ophthalmic complication was a severe choroidoretinitis. The dominant type II group, in contrast, had an atypical macular rash, or sometimes no rash at all, no vascular complications and very mild retinal changes. Choroidoretinitis was rare and peau d'orange patterns and prominent choroidal vessels common. The recessive group was of intermediate severit

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIon‐specific electrode detectors have been used to measure electrolytes in various biological fluids, including sweat.As part of a study of skin barrier function, we have used such electrodes to detect the presence of sodium, chloride and hydrogen (pH) in the transepidermal water loss.This paper describes the effects of cellophane tape stripping (of human forearm epidermisin vivo) on surface electrolyte concentrations, in parallel with observations on transepidermal water loss and galvanic skin resistanc

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effects of autologous extracts of involved and macroscopically uninvolved psoriatic skin on epidermal DNA synthesis have been studied. Previous reports of inhibition of DNA synthesis were confirmed but in a number of patients a stimulant, rather than an inhibitory effect, was observed. The stimulant effect was only present when the disease was in an acute, eruptive phase and was more marked in the involved than in the macroscopically uninvolved skin.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSheets of epidermis for incubation to demonstrate ATPase activity were obtained from specimens of mouse footpad using EDTA as the separation medium. The use of EDTA in place of the NaBr method previously described, resulted in a greatly reduced incubation time, precise localization of reaction product and preservation of ultrastructural detail. A population afclosely and regularly spaced ATPasepositive dendritic cells was demonstrated by light microscopy. Electron microscopy demonstrated that, with short incubation times, reaction product was found only in the extracellular space adjacent to dendritic cells, the majority of which possessed the typical ultrastructural features of Langerhans cells.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIn the mixed leukocyte migration test, white cells from Mantoux positive and Mantoux negative individuals and from patients with sarcoidosis responded similarly to tuberculin, there being no significant difference in the migration index of the three groups. The cells from patients with sarcoidosis, however, showed a depressed response to phytohaemagglutinin. Transfer factor prepared from an individual with a very positive Mantoux reaction did not have any significant effect on the migration index when added to the white cells from sarcoid patients either in the presence or absence of tuberculin.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe sebum excretion rate (SER) was measured in fifty‐five patients with rosacea and 126 control subjects. The mean SER in the patients with rosacea was not increased, nor was there any correlation between SER and severity of rosacea. Our data suggest that seborrhoea plays no part in the pathogenesis of rosace

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe immediate response of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) skin to long‐wave ultraviolet radiation (UVR) was studied with the electron microscope. The main finding was severe vascular injury. This was confined to the superficial vessels of the dermis and consisted of endothelial cell degeneration and a pronounced leakage of vascular contents. In contrast, the epidermis showed no abnormalities. Short‐wave UV irradiation of EPP skin resulted in epidermal changes typical for the usual sunburn reaction and spared the dermal blood vessels.The following conclusions are drawn: (i) Endothelial cells are the primary cellular target for the photodynamic reaction in EPP. (ii) The fibrillar material, characteristic for chronic EPP lesions, originates from the vessels and vascular contents. (iii) The multilayered basement membranes observed in such lesions reflect multiple consecutive reparative processes that follow endothelial injur

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA new anomaly of the vermilion border of thc lip is describcd in which part of the vermilion border is replaced by normal skin. Thirty‐six cases are reported of this new anomaly, seven of which sought medical advice for this conditio

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA test dose of arsenic was given to four patients with arsenical carcinoma, Blood arsenic levels, urinary and faecal excretion were measured and compared with those of three normal control subjects. Blood levels and urinary excretion were lower in the carcinoma subjects, suggesting increased storage. Abnormally high retention of arsenic, either medicinal or environmental, may be an individual metabolic trait and may be an important factor in carcinogenesis.

ISSN:0007-0963    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY