ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMuch of the research on communication within the family unit has focused on the end results of the communication process. The reason for this seems to lie in the lack of an acceptable model for analysis and interpretation of the process and dynamics of intrafamily dialogue. The model presented in this article attempts to provide a perspective through which one might view the interactions that lead to decisions by the family unit. Although the examples provided in the text are based upon product selection decisions requiring allocation of the families' marketing expenditures, the model provides a mechanism for analyzing the interactions of family members in a wide variety of decision making situations.Looking primarily at the interaction between the husband‐wife dyad, the model employs three major concepts: (1) a distribution of utilities to various members of the family unit, (2) a distribution of priorities these family members hold, and (3) the matching of these two distributions to satisfy the criterion of distributive justice. To this was added the concept of utility debt formation following decisions which do not exactly meet the distributive justice criterio

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudiesof communication and change in underdeveloped countries were drawn upon to design a study of what kinds of persons adopted—or refused to adopt—what kinds of practices in the “War on Poverty” in an Appalachian county. The study approaches the individual as an interactive behavioral system whose components are variables defining his “style of life.” Data were gathered on 41 aspects of life style of heads of households and homemakers in two rural Appalachian neighborhoods. Correlation, factor analysis, and weighted rotation of these data matrices produced three individual “types,” as indicated by the items which distingui

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn general, previous studies have not used control data in assessing the relation between student personality and opinion change following a mass communication presented under classroom conditions. The purpose of the following research is to investigate the influence of control data obtained from a group not exposed to the communication.Subjects consist of 540 undergraduate students. Personality is measured with four scales derived on the basis of statistical considerations only, and opinion change is based on questionnaire responses obtained before and after an instructional film.The experimental correlations between personality and opinion change are modified substantially when adjusted by the control correlations. These results suggest (a) the equivocality in the interpretations of previous studies which failed to utilize control data, and (b) the desirability of future control in this area.

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study investigatedthe effects of pro and con, one and two‐sided messages on receiver attitude change when the Ss were required to either publicly commit themsclves on the issue prior to message reception or were not required to publicly commit themselves. In the public commitment treatment condition, Ss were first required to express in writing their attitude on the chosen topic and give two or three reasons why they held this position, after which they read either a one‐ or two‐sided, pro or con counterattitudinal message. Ss in the no commitment treatment groups merely received the one‐ or two‐sided, pro or con messages without publicly commiting themselves on the issue. After reading the appropriate one‐ or twosided message, Ss again expressed their attitude toward the issue. The experimental hypothesis tested stipulated that when Ss were not required to commit themselves publicly to an issue, they would change their attitudes toward the topic significantly more than would Ss required to publicly commit themselves. Further, it was hypothesized that this effect would be significantly more pronounced for Ss receiving a one‐sided message arguing in favor of the topic than it would for Ss receiving either a one‐sided message arguing against the topic or a two‐sided, pro or con message. The data confirm

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn experiment variedthe order of presentation of ostensible trial testimony. Prior to the reading of strong final evidence from the prosecution, 65 university students taking the role of jurors read other arguments which were identical for all recipients except that they came from either (a) the prosecution first and the defense second or (b) the defense first and the prosecution second. Two tentative verdicts and a final verdict were marked anonymously following the respective presentations.The sequence of tentative verdicts, but not the order of presentation of arguments, affected the final verdict, which tended to be the same as the first tentative verdict. Regardless of which side presented its case first, those jurors who committed themselves to a verdict of “innocent” following the first presentation tended to vote acquittal at the end. Conversely, those initially marking “guilty” tended to convict the defendant on the final vote. The results indicate that initial cornmitmcnts, even when tentative and private, tend to influence final commitments by decision‐makers in roles such as that of

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDespite the prominenceof talk in negotiation sessions theoretical discussions of bargaining do not agree as to whether settlement terms are importantly influenced by the nature of that interaction. Further, most laboratory studies have restricted communication opportunity as a means of control in their designs. Consequently, the question of the influence of the communication behavior of negotiators on agreements reached is unanswered. This study was designed to generate data in regard to that question by comparing results obtained by negotiators when the opportunity for communication was restricted and when it was not.Subjects simulated the negotiation of a legal damage case under two conditions of communication opportunity; the first restricted to written offers of a settlement amount, the second, unrestricted. Four dependent measures were obtained following each negotiation: negotiation settlement terms, negotiator satisfaction with those terms, the time required to reach agreement, and the success or failure of each negotiator as compared to other negotiators. Settlement was more likely and the dispersion of settlements was greater under the unrestricted condition. No differences between conditions were found in the time required for settlement or the satisfaction of the negotiators with settlement terms. Negotiation success could not be attributed to the number of the subjects' siblings nor to the presence in the subjects' families of professional negotiators. Results lend support to those theorists who regard communication variables as important influences on negotiation outcomes.

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00847.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examinedthe effects of variations in message assertion intensity on the accuracy of congruity principle predictions of attitude change. Subjects read either high intensity or low intensity message assertions which negatively linked favored sources with favored concepts. Comparisons were made between obtained persuasion and change predicted by the congruity principle. Tests of the hypothesized relationship between assertion intensity and source or concept intensity gave evidence that congruity predictions were more accurate when source and concept intensity were equivalent to the message intensity level. Implications for the study of message intensity are discussed.

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00848.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Developments inAppliedPsycholinguisticsResearch. Edited by Sheldon Rosenberg and James H. KoplinReasoningWithStatistics: SimplifiedExamples inCommunicationResearch. By Frederick WilliamsSpeechBehavior andHumanIntehaction. By George A. Borden, Richard B. Gregg, and Theodore G. GroveThePsychology ofCollegeSuccess: A DynamicApproach. By Henry Clay LindgrenBusinessCommunication, Theory andApplication. By Raymond V. Lesikar.Counterpoint: DebatesAboutDebate. By Arthur N. KrugerNational andInternationalSystems ofBroadcasting: TheirHistory, Operation andControl. By Walter B. Emery.Reason inControversy, 2nd ed. By Glen E. MillsProductiveSpeaking forBusiness and theProfessions. By James N. HolmTelevision: TheCreativeExperience. Edited by A. William Bluem and Roger Manvill.Blueprints forBetierLearning. By Florence Damon ClearyA Manager'sGuide toSpeaking andListening. By J. Campbell ConnellyLitfxature forListening. By Keith Brooks

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00849.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY