ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paperis based on a study of disaster warning in the communities of Crescent City, California and Hilo, Hawaii, both of which have had a history of tsunami threats and warnings. Disaster warning is viewed in the paper as a process consisting of a number of interrelated activities and procedures in which a variety of organizations and individuals become involved.The study indicates that local officials such as those in Crescent City and Hilo are responsible for evaluating incoming information concerning potentially disruptive environmental changes and for determining if a public warning is to be issued. Among the problems that local officials may face while attempting to meet such responsibilities is the lack of adequate information on which to base critical decisions and the difficulty of maintaining public willingness to comply with requests for evacuation when there have been repeated alerts not followed by disaster.Although both the communities in the study have undergone major tsunami disasters, the data show that this has been followed by significant change and improvement in warning procedures chiefly in Hilo. For example, evacuation areas have been predetermined in Hilo and a variety of mechanisms for transmitting tsunami warning signals and information to the public have been devised. These changes came about largely because local officials in Hilo received considerable feedback from scientific experts and others regarding the kinds of improvements needed in the community's warning system. Such a feedback process did not develop in Crescent City following the major tsunami disaster in that community and thus less change occurred in it5 warning procedures.

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevailing ambiguityregarding concepts of communication often precludes serious consideration of relevant methodology and theory, i.e., problems of a discipline of communication. Noting this, the paper examines organizing principles of a possible discipline of communication, aims of current inquiries into the process, values employed in judging their objectifications, and practical problems encountered in generating knowledge in the field.Rather than promoting a particular framework for the study of communication or emphasizing a specialized problem of improving on a particular communication phenomenon, the paper attempts to develop a general typology for inquiries into communication processes. This typology differentiates among modes and domains of inquiry according to a number of methodological and practical criteria. It suggests that a possible discipline of communication, in order to be viable, should simultaneously employ three separate investigative strategies: a praxiological mode of inquiry, a scientific mode of inquiry and a cybernetic mode of inquiry.

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeveral theoretical modelsof reading are examined in detail and reviewed. The models utilize and depict interrelationships among cognitive and linguistic systems as they function in reading performance. The development of cognition, language and reading ability is also reviewed.

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAttitude formationhas been thought to require the characteristics of acquiring and accepting new information. However, some evidence exists to suggest that even though comprehension may be reduced by distracting stimuli, this distraction can actually aid persuasion. In order to test such a hypothesis, two experimental groups were tested under different conditions. Group A listened to an emotional message about segregation, and was tested for comprehension and attitude change. Group B was also exposed to the same persuasive message, but during the message presentation, subjects were shown 35mm color slides containing visual stimuli irrelevant to the message. Results indicated that the distracting stimuli produced a significant reduction in recall of information, while also producing a significant opinion shift.

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Scholar'sGuide toJournals ofEducation andEducationalPsychology. By L. Joseph Lins and Robert A. ReesInterpersonalCommunication: Survey andStudies. By Dean C. Barnlund.Communicatton andCommunicationSystems. By Lee ThayerCommunication andOrganizationalBehavior: Text andCases. By William V. HaneyCommunication for theChurch. By Raymond W. McLaughlinReadings inArgumentation. Edited by Jerry M. Anderson and Paul J. DovreBasicTechnicalWriting. 2nd ed. By Herman M. WeismanPracticalMethods inSpeech. By Harold BarrettStammefung: ItsCorrectionThrough theRe‐Education of theSpeechFunction. By Ronald Muriden.Milton and theMiltonicDryden. By Anne Davidson FerryTheTransparentSelf. By Sidney M. JourardIndividualizedReading: AnAnnotatedBibliography. By Sam DukerTheSchoolsHaveFailedUs. By William A. BurgettReadingDiagnosis andRemediation. By Ruth StrangTrends andPracxices inSecondaryReading. By Sterl Artl

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9916    

DOI:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1969.tb00840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY