摘要:

&NA;Through the loving relationship that develops between infant and caregiver, the infant acquires a positive sense of security and identity. This sense of security and identity provides the infant with a stable base to develop relationships later in life. When parents recognize the connection they have with their infant, and are aware of the attachment their child has to them, they are likely to feel more confident and competent as caregivers. This article addresses issues in parent‐child attachment, identifies the implications such attachment relations have for child development, and provides strategies to facilitate optimal parent‐child attachment.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Public and professional policies as well as the professional literature have advised physicians take a more active role in the early intervention system. Despite these directives, many barriers exist that inhibit the full participation of physicians in this system. One of these barriers is the lack of effective communication between and differing expectations of physicians and community service providers. Findings from two research studies will be discussed in relation to this issue. Strategies to improve communication and increase physician involvement also will be examined.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This article addresses the usefulness of the termnatural environment.An analysis of the literature suggests that it is a code word for inclusion and that placement in inclusive settings supersedes other considerations. An alternative is offered in which the delivery of specialized and individualized services consistent with family needs and values is of first‐order importance. Further, it is argued that the use of authentic intervention activities will produce better outcomes for children and families than focusing on placements that must include chronologically aged peers.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Cost‐benefit models consider not only the budgetary impact on programs, but also any other positive and negative consequences resulting from a policy or program decision. The utility of cost‐benefit analysis in program evaluation is illustrated using hypothetical examples of the consequences of natural environments service provision. Areas for further research and analysis related to cost and benefit implications are presented. Early intervention programs can use the cost‐benefit framework to evaluate the social impact of natural environments and other programmatic decisions.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This overview of maltreatment of children with disabilities seeks to provide the reader with definitions of maltreatment, the incidence of its occurrence among children, and highlight the fact that children with disabilities are at higher risk for being maltreated than are typical children. Factors are identified that contribute to maltreatment, independent of disability, that should lead the clinician to be alert to the potential for injury to the child. Finally, an ecological perspective is considered as an approach to prevention of maltreatment among children with disabilities. This approach addresses the need for comprehensive medical care. Using the strategies of the home visitor program, this approach uses the medical home model and links it with ongoing monitoring and support for families with disabled children.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This article is about a model for viewing and conducting early intervention in a way that deemphasizes professionalservicesand emphasizes thesupportthat professionals can provide. Current approaches to infanttoddler services have not evolved in the past 15 years to the extent we thought they would. In 1985, Dunst1rethought early intervention, and the next year the first comprehensive early intervention legislation was passed. Both P.L. 99‐457 and researchers such as Dunst suggested that attention to families was the appropriate direction to take and was warranted both theoretically and empirically. It is possible that many programs concentrated so much on replacing clinic‐based operations with home‐based services that they overlooked the major purpose of early intervention, which was to enhance the competence and confidence of children's caregivers so children had the greatest likelihood of developing to their maximum potential. This speculation is fueled by our observation that many home‐based approaches are little more than clinical sessions dumped onto the living room floor. Conceiving of early intervention primarily as a mechanism for providingsupportis an alternative to conceiving of early intervention as a mechanism for providingservices.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Initial professional preparation as a physical therapist includes little about the nature and needs of infants and young children in early intervention. Therefore, physical therapists must seek training through on‐the‐job training, continuing education, self‐study, graduate degrees, certificates, and clinical residencies. Advanced competencies in pediatric physical therapy for practice in early intervention is presented. The importance of the interdisciplinary, family‐centered approach to early intervention is stressed, as well as the critical relevance of the unique knowledge and skills of pediatric physical therapists to remediate complex impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities of infants and young children while meeting the family's needs.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Professional development is one of the key provisions that state education and early intervention administrators must address for occupational therapists and other early childhood professionals who provide early intervention and preschool services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. This article discusses issues in developing effective professional development programs for pediatric occupational therapists who work with very young children and their families, focusing on: 1) clinical and contextual trends affecting occupational therapy practice; 2) professional preparation at the university level; 3) continuing competency of therapists in the field; and 4) recommendations for ensuring that occupational therapists are both prepared and supported to provide quality early childhood services.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The neuromaturational theoretical framework has dominated therapeutic interventions used with children with motor dysfunction for the past 40 years. Therapists are now considering other theories to guide their management strategies. Factors that have influenced this philosophical attitude change include models of disablement, the opinions of people with disabilities, a paucity of research to support current intervention techniques, the principles of family‐centered care, and the application of dynamic systems theory to motor development. Family‐centered functional therapy, a new model of practice based on tenets derived from family‐centered philosophy and dynamic systems theory, has been introduced. This model stipulates that parents must be included in the identification of functional goals for their children and suggests that attributes that help or hinder successful achievement of a goal must be identified from the task and the environment as well as within the child. The results of pilot work with 12 children with cerebral palsy and their families to evaluate the feasibility of the therapy is presented. Areas for further evaluation and development are identified.

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0896-3746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID