摘要:

AbstractThe Agricultural Wages Board (AWB) for England and Wales sets minimum wages, hours and overtime rates. Post‐war average earnings have always exceeded minimum wages. This paper examines the relationship between average earnings and minimum wages from 1948–1993 for regular whole‐time males using cointegration analysis. The results imply the existence of such a relationship, and that earnings Granger‐cause minimum wages. The AWB therefore has been reactive having had no impact on average e

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractState sponsored employment agencies are an important source of job matching in Britain. This study tracks Jobcentre use in Britain over the previous decade and the effectiveness of Jobcentre use in securing entry into employment for those who utilise its services. Amongst the unemployed, use of Jobcentres is highly counter‐cyclical. This can be attributed principally to the changing composition of the stock over the economic cycle. In good times, there are relatively more short duration, voluntary quits in the stock, who tend to rely on Jobcentres least. Jobcentres are found to have a significant positive effect on the job entry rates of its clients. The greatest beneficial impact is amongst those, the low skilled and the long term unemployed with the lowest exit rates from unemploymen

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper provides evidence on the impact of company training, of post‐compulsory education and of the UK Youth Training Scheme in the late 1980's on the earnings of 21‐year‐old employees in England and Wales. Earnings equations are estimated for each of seven groups of employees who have followed alternative routes from compulsory education into employment, allowing for selectivity into these routes. There are several findings, including: both high parental social class and better school qualifications help to channel people into higher status routes, while high local unemployment has the opposite effect; participation in company training in long spells substantially raises wages but short spells do not; YTS participation fails to raise, and possibly substantially lowers, wages even three years after graduation compared to those who left school at 16 and went to work and received no training; there is weak evidence that, even for those that do not enter higher education, it is better to stay on at school after 16 than go int

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to emphasise the importance of double‐hurdle models in the estimation of tobacco demand equations. Using data from the Spanish Family Expenditure Survey (EPF), Tobit, P‐Tobit and first hurdle dominance models are shown to be restrictive. This dataset also confirms the existence of separate individual decisions on participation and consumption. We propose to estimate a dependent version of a double‐hurdle model, although independence is not restrictive once additional powers of total expenditure are included in the specification of the second hurdle. Several misspecification tests are also conducted among the different m

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper examines the robustness of determinants of IIT to changes in the set of included variables and to measurement errors. On applying extreme bounds analysis (EBA) on Swedish IIT, it is found that most variables are sensitive to changes in the selected control variables. When examining the effects of errors of measurement and when only robust variables are included in the model, the estimated coefficients are bounded although they are unbounded when more variables are included. It is also found that the proxy‐variables for product differentiation need to be of much higher quality than actually seems to be the case, if we are to ensure that the signs of the proxy‐variables correspond to the signs of the ‘true’ va

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHerein we develop an analytical study of the asymptotic distributions obtained when we run linear regressions in the levels of stochastically independent integrated time series when the orders of integration of the dependent and independent variables are different. These theoretical findings largely explain the Monte Carlo results recently reported in Banerjeeet al. (1993).

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTRecently Gregory and Hansen (1996) proposed a number of residual‐based tests for cointegration in models with the possibility of a structural break. They considered three models: (i) level shift; (ii) level shift with trend; and (iii) regime shift (both level shift and slope coefficients can change). We introduce a more general model that permits a trend shift as well as a regime shift and we provide the critical values appropriate for testing this hypothesi

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0305-9049    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY