ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1995.tb00091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Software engineering tools used by designers are critical to most systems development methodologies, and successful methodologies are critical to improved productivity. However, the way in which designers use and relate to software engineering tools, whether computer assisted or not, has received little attention in the design literature. The purpose of this study is to gain insight into how people perceive the process of using design tools. The study is a qualitative analysis of interview information from participants in a field experiment. Four teams of student designers used various design tools during the development of interactive information systems typical of those that might be developed by sophisticated end‐users. The research reported here is an exploratory study aimed at understanding how designers use one of these tools, the dialogue charts. The broad range of purposes included the uses predicted by the reference literature on design. However, the end‐user designers also used the tool opportunistically — they found a broader range of tool usage than the literature on design tools predicted. For example, they consistently used the tool as a communications vehicle among different phases of design and development. The results show that the relationships these ‘end‐user designers’ developed with the target tool are expressed in highly emotional language. These attitudes are tightly coupled with the purposes for which the designers use the tool. The methodology uses a field experiment as a treatment and a semistructured interview with a hidden agenda for gathering data. The data analysis techniques draw on the concepts of discovering grounded theory as described by Glaser and Strauss. They further draw on the concepts of qualitative content analysis synthesized by Krippendortf and the qualitative data analysis methods described by Miles a

ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1995.tb00092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A number of theories have been put forward to explain how managers make information channel choices. These include channel disposition, media richness and social influence. Each is assessed in terms of its usefulness for providing insight into why executives choose to use or not to use executive support systems (ESS). The results of a survey of 66 executives indicate that social influence theory may provide significant insight into information channel selection. A secondary analysis provides evidence that there are no significant relationships between demographic characteristics and several perceptual measures of ESS performance.

ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1995.tb00093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.This paper explores the role of information technology and systems in countries that are undergoing rapid social and economic change. The countries of East and Central Europe and the former Soviet Union are good examples. We focus on the most important needs for management information in such countries, which are often quite different from those in Western countries, and on the difficulties of implementing information technology. We suggest that improved information systems will be critical for future success in changing economies and that the processes for developing systems and applying information technology should follow quite different paths from those followed in the US and Western Europe. We also present several examples of problems and possible solutions.

ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1995.tb00094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.An Information Systems Methodology is usually presented as a sequential set of tasks — planning, analysis, design and construction — resulting in a new business application. This classical ‘forward‐engineering’ approach must be adapted to changing business needs — business process redesign, quality management, process and systems templates, advanced technologies, application packages, the reuse of existing information systems resources, and rapid delivery cycles. Using the most general concept of a Business Programme, this paper describes a methodological approach incorporating these modern themes that is qualitatively and quantitatively different from the classical model. It provides a framework for the integration of otherwise independent methodologies, and shows how an entire programme can be formulated, planned and executed. An example is provided, and the approach i

ISSN:1350-1917    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2575.1995.tb00095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY