摘要:

Zusammenfassung.Bewahrt man steriles Serum von Mensch, Pferd oder Rind einen bis mehrere Tage bei 38° C. auf, so bildet sich eine Substanz, die bei intravenöser Injektion bei der Katze oder beim Kaninchen eine stark blutdruckssenkende Wirkung besitzt. Diese Wirkung ist von Histaminnatur, die Substanz ist aber mit diesem Stoff oder anderen bekannten Depressorsubstanzen nicht identisch. Zur Herbeiführung einer Blutdruckssenkung ist eine gewisse Mindestmenge der betreffenden Substanz erforderlich.Überlebender Meerschweinchendarm wird nicht beeinflusst.Die Wirkung bleibt besteben, wenn das Eiweiss aus dem Serum ausgefällt wird.Die Substanz ist ausser in Wasser auch in Alkohol und Äther löslich.Aktives Serum erträgt eine 30 Min. lange Erhitzung auf 60–65° C., ohne dass die Wirkung beeinträchtigt wird. Gereinigte Präparate sind dagegen temperatu

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1942.tb01465.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1942

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Zusammenfassung.1) In Plasma von Reservoirblut der Katzenmilz ist der Kaliumgehalt im Verhältnis zum peripheren Blut um beinahe 100% gesteigert.2) Bei Erwärmung von roten Blutkörperchen und Plasma (bzw. Serum) von Katzen‐, Pferde‐ und Menschenblut, das in vitro durch Zentrifugieren separiert worden ist, geben die roten Blutköperchen Kaliuin ab.3) Es wird die Theorie aufgestellt, dass der gesteigerte Kaliumgehalt des Reservoirplasmas der Milz eine Folge der Separation der roten Blutkörperchen vom Plasma in den Venensinus bei der Reservoirfunktio

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1942.tb01466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1942

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.In experiments with isolated cat livers amino acids (glycine and alanine) and ammonium salts (lactate and carbonate) bring about an extra consumption of oxygen which is proportional to the added quantity of nitrogen and independent of whether the nitrogen is supplied in the form of amino acid or ammonium salt.With increasing doses there is an increase especially of the duration of the rise in the oxygen consumption, whereas the maximum oxygen consumption per minute is increased only very slightly.The maximum increase of the oxygen consumption per minute seems to depend on the rate of urea synthetization.The total extra consumption of oxygen seems to be independent of the concentration of the added substances and to be governed solely by the absolute quantity added.The total extra consumption of oxygen per gramme of added nitrogen averages 900 c. c. (about 4.4 calories).If the extra consumption of oxygen is calculated not in relation to the added quantity of nitrogen, but in relation to the increased nitrogen metabolism within the period in which the oxygen consumption is increased, the oxygen consumption per gramme of extra‐converted nitrogen is 1,640 c. c. (about 7.4 calories).The oxygen consumption of the artificially perfused liver falls in the course of about an hour to 60–50 per cent, of the consumption immediately after isolation, and thereafter remains practically const

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1942.tb01467.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1942

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The state of bile salt solutions in relation to their physiological transport function is being studied. The conductivity of sodium taurocholate is normal below 0.01 N (at 25°C), but at this concentration the conductivity curve suddenly changes its slope. The change is interpreted as being due to micelle formation. This view is supported by earlier measurements of the surface tension of sodium taurocholate solutions if these are interpreted in the light of more recent work on paraffin chain salts.The demonstration of micelle formation in dilute solutions of bile salts together with recent solubility measurements of McBainand his collaborators is strong evidence for a “micelle solubility” mechanism for the hydrotropic action of bile s

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1942.tb01468.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1942

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In previous reports from this institute (Theorell1936, Theorelland Åkeson1941), it has been shown that cytochrome c contains 6 atoms of sulphur per molecule. Two of these belong to the cysteine‐remains in porphyrin c (Theorell1939, 1940). Concerning the four other S‐atoms contained in the protein‐component nothing has hitherto been known. By way of supplementing previously published analyses of amino acids (Theorelland Åkeson1941) a determination of the sulphur‐containing amino acids is of a certain

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1942.tb01469.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1942

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1An oil/water interface (benzene/salicylic acid solution) has been employed as a model of a cell membrane.2The velocity of penetration of salicylic acid from the aqueous into the non‐aqueous phase, and the influence of interposed mono‐molecular interfacial films (gliadin, sodium cetyl sulphate) on the penetration velocity have been investigated.3The penetration constants found were of the order of 106cm2sec‐1. An effect of interfacial films on the penetration could not be demonstrated.4The reasons for the failure of the interfacial films to affect the penetration are discussed. The influence of the unstirred layers around the phase boundary is found to be negligible. It is concluded that the penetration velocity is principally determined by an “energy barrier” situated in the phase boundary, which must be overcome by the penetrating molecules.5The order of magnitude of the penetration constants found in model systems is the same as that observed for living cell membranes. The kinetics of penetration through the latter may therefore be considered as determined by the conditions at the phase boundary as well as by the pore dimen

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1942.tb01470.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1942

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Zusammenfassung.Eine Methode zur Herstellung gereinigter Präparate von Substanz P aus Pferdedarm wird beschrieben. Die besten Präparate zeigten ohne weitere Reinigung eine Wirkung von 1 E. in 0.2 mg Substanz.Die Substanz lässt sich als Pikrat ausfälien. Gereinigte. Pikrate zeigten eine beste Wirksamkeit von 1 E in 0.13 mg.Kataphoreseversuche ergaben, dass die Substanz noch bei pH 6.4 kathodisch und bei pH 7.1 anodisch wandert.Diese Untersuchung wurde durch Mittel der Stiftung »Therese och Johan Anderssons mine» unterstützt. Für wertvolle Hilfe spreche ich Frl. M. Nyborg und cand. med. G. Engstedt meinen besten Dank aus. A. B. Astra, Södertälje, hat gütigst Rohextrakte zur Verfügung gestellt, wofür ich hier d

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1942.tb01471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1942

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A simplification of the method of determination of the red corpuscle content (the erythron) previously communicated is described.A blood sample taken from a rabbit is shaken in the thermostat at 37° for about 2 hours in the presence of labelled sodium phosphate and, then, it is reintroduced into the circulation of the rabbit. A comparison of the total labelled phosphorus content (radioactivity) of the corpuscles injected with the total labelled phosphorus content of corpuscle samples secured few minutes after the injection took place leads to the value of the erythron.The corpuscle content of the rabbits investigated varied between 20.5 and 26.5 gm per kg of rabbit weight.The authors wish to express their heartiest thanks to Professor NielsBohrfor numerous facilities kindly put at their disposal

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1942.tb01472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1942

数据来源: WILEY