摘要:

Summary.1Bile fistula rats, ranging in weight from 200 to 300 g, were continuously injected into the intestine with 2.6, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 mg sodium taurochenodesoxycholate (NaTCD) per hour. The excretion of cholic acid was determined, and it was found, that injection of 5–10 mg XaTCD per hour, depending on the weight of the rat, brought about a very appreciable decrease in the formation of cholic acid as compared to non‐injected bile fistula rats. In the case of rats weighing approx. 200 g, the values found are of the same order of magnitude as is calculated for the synthesis of cholic acid in the intact rat.2It is concluded, that the concentration of bile acids supplied to the liver via the portal blood, influences the rate of synthesis of bile acids in the li

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01572.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01602.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1After the administration of insulin and of BZ 55 to rabbits identical reduction in the stainability of the alpha cells in the pancreas was obtained; the degree of the changes was closely related to the degree and duration of the hypoglycemia. The nuclear surface of the alpha cells tended to increase as the granulation and stainability decreased, signs probably representing a state of hyperactivity.2In our opinion, it is conceivable that the alpha cells play a part in counteracting hypoglycemia and thus are of significance for the blood sugar homeostasis.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01573.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1A micro‐application technique has been used to study the desensitization which acetylcholine produces at the mammalian motor end‐plate. Acetylcholine was released by ionophoresis from a twin pipette near sensitive spots in the end‐plate region of a single muscle fibre, and the resulting potential changes were recorded by an intracellular electrode. Isolated muscles mounted in a constant temperature bath from the following mammalian species were used: guinea‐pig, rat, rabbit and cat.2In all the investigated muscles a steady release of acetylcholine produced a loss of sensitivity in the end‐plate membrane. The degree and the speed of onset of desensitization was graded and increased with the applied concentration of acetylcholine while the rate of recovery was relatively constant.3Marked species variations were observed in the intensity and time course of desensitization. In the guinea‐pig and the rabbit it was necessary to have a steady efflux of acetylcholine producing an initial depolarization of a few millivolts during several seconds to obtain desensitization. In the rat and the cat the same effect was generally achieved within a few tenths of a second by concentrations of acetylcholine producing less depolarization. The half‐times of recovery varied in a similar way.4In the tenuissimus muscle of the cat a conditioning pulse of 10–20 msec duration causing only a few millivolts depolarization frequently produced an almost immediate desensitization lasting for more than one second. No desensitization was observed after single conditioning pulses of 1–2 msec duration but when several such pulses n‐ere given at a frequency of 3–6/sec considerable desensitization developed.5It is suggested that the concentrations of acetylcholine which produce desensitization are, at least in certain mammalian muscles, within the range of concentrations normally produced at the end‐plate by a motor nerve impulse, and that consequently desensitization may develop during repetitive

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01574.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01603.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01604.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01605.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1Normal growing rats were fed a diet deficient in protein for varying periods up to four months. Data were collected on changes in organ weight, total nitrogen, DNA and RKA content per organ. Organs studied were liver, heart, kidney, brain, lung, spleen arid thymus.2The constancy of the DNA content during protein starvation was confirmed. In the livers of protein‐starved animals, while DNA per gram of tissue remained constant, histologically cell size diminished and the number of nuclei tripled. It is suggested that reduction of polyploid nuclei to the diploid form might partly account for this finding.3Alterations in RNA content paralleled those of DNA and seem to establish that in young rats RNA is almost as “stable” metabolically a

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01576.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline from the suprarenal was determined by bioassay of suprarenal venous plasma collected from nembutalized cats. The administration of acetaldehyde 7.5–50 mg/kg regularly produced a marked increase in the secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline. The increase was more pronounced for adrenaline. The effect remained after section of the splanchnic nerves. The results are discussed in relation to some pharmacological effects of alcoho

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01577.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The effect of X‐rays on the glucuronide synthesis by the gastric mucous membrane was studied in the rat. The glucuronide conjugation capacity was measuredin vitrowith tissue slices incubated in the presence of o‐aminophenol. It appeared that radiation doses of 400 r and 1,200 r given locally to the isolated stomach reduced equally the glucuronide conjugation capacity but not more than to about half of the original capacity. The effect is reversible. The recovery appears to be slower after the higher irradiation do

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1958.tb01578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1958

数据来源: WILEY