摘要:

Summary.1In cats and dogs acid gastric juice contains histamine in a physiologically active state.2The histamine content of gastric juice is independent of the mode of stimulus employed in exciting the parietal cells, thus being of the same order in juice from the cephalic and gastric phases and in juice obtained by injection of secretopogue drugs.3The histamine concentration of the juice secreted during the cephalic and gastric phases is sufficient to stimulate the parietal cells.4Histamine‐free preparation of “gastrin” cause a liberation of histamine from the fundic mucosa as judged by the occurrence of histamine in the acid juice.5It is suggested that in the humoral mechanism instrumental in exciting the parietal cells in the cephalic as well as in the gastric phase of acid secretion histamine represents the second, final linkThe expenses of this investigation have been defrayed in part by a grant from the Research Fund “Stiftelsen Therese och Johan Anderssons

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The amino acid composition of the whole fish protein obtained from some Swedish fishes which are commonly added to the ration of foxes was investigated. By incorporation of alanine values obtained by other authors, more than 100 per cent of the amino acid content was recognized. The nutritional value of the whole fish protein must be classified as rather high, as — with exception of isoleucine which was not analyzed — it was found that all indispensable amino acids were present in amounts which correspond to those reported to be present in human and rabbit muscle protein. The application of the colorimetric valine method of Wretlindon protein hydrolysates was thoroughly investiga

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1In the gastrocnemius of the frog close arterial injection of small amounts of adenosine troposphere and inorganic triphosphate evoke tetanus‐like contractions. The mechanical response produced by 40 μg ATP (0.08 × 10–6mol) or 50–60 μg triphosphate (0.10–0.13 × 10–6mol) corresponds to that released by 1 μgacetylcholine.2The sensitivity of the preparation to acetylcholine and inorganic triphosphate is greatly increased by previous application of adenosin

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1Close arterial injection of relatively small amounts of adenosine triphosphate (BTP) in the tibialis anterior muscle of the cat releases a tetanus‐like contraction. The effective amounts range between 0.1–1.0 × 10‐‐6mollg muscle, and the response increases steeply with the injected quantity.2The response to intra‐arterially applied acetylcholine is greatly augmented by previous application of ATP.3Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and ADY + orthophosphate likewise act as chemical stimuli, the effect of the latter being larger than with equal amounts of ADY alone.4Adenylic acid elicits a short tetanic contraction in amounts of 0.04–0.58 × 10‐‐6mol/g muscle, while it has no effect on frog's muscle. Adenylic acid + pyrophosphate causes a protracted tetanic contraction.5Sodium tripolyphosphate and pyrophosphate are highly active as chemical stimuli, while orthophosphate in amounts of 20 times; 10‐‐6mol/ml (=1.7 × 10‐‐6mol/g muscle) is ineffective. Pyrophosphate, however, reduces the excitability for all subsequent stimuli.6The active substances (apart from acetylcholine) evoke contraction also after complete

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03070.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1With the following substances investigated for their action on smooth muscle by close arterial injection in the stomach and the bladder of the cat it was demonstrated that: Sodium‐, potassium‐, and lithium adenosine triphosphate release contraction, while adenosine diphosphate, adenosine diphosphate + ortho‐phosphate, adenylic acid, adenylic acid + pyrophosphate, inorganic tripolyphosphate, pyrophosphate and orthophosphate applied isoosmotically as sodium salts at pH 7.3 are ineffective.2Potassium adenosine triphosphate depresses the reaction of the smooth muscle to subsequent injections of sodium adenosine triphosphate, while the action of lithium adenosine triphosphate remains uninfluenced.3The isolated small intestine of the guinea‐pig contracts after application of the different salts of adenosine triphosphate, while the other phosphates investigated are without effect. Pyrophosphate makes an exception and may cause contraction.4None of the phosphorus compounds investigated exests B relaxing effect on the stomach:mi bladder of the cat or on the small intestine of the guinea‐pig.5The experiments presented in the present and the preceding papers suggest that adenosine triphosphate acts as a further link in the humoral mechanism involved in the release of contraction, the substance possibly being activated by the liberation of acet

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03071.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.It is found that glycocyamine is hydrolysed by a glycerol extract from pig's liver. From activation experiments it is concluded that the enzyme responsible for the reaction is probably arginase, and not a specific glycocyamase.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.It is found that asparaginase occurs in the livers of certain cold‐blooded animals. The method used consists in preparing enzyme extracts with aqueous glycerol and saccharose solutions as solvents, and in following the hydrolytic cleavage of asparagine during the enzymic reaction by means of the Willståtterand Waldschmidt‐Leitzmethod of titration in alcoholic solution. The work of Clementicould not be suppo

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03073.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1A review is given of previous investigations into the liberation of renin from totally ischemic kidneys, and it is confirmed that a pressor effect can be obtained on the termination of the temporary total occlusion of the renal vessels in cats.2It is shown that a liberation of pressor substance after total occlusion of the renal vessels can be obtained also inrabbits, and that pressor substance is found also in perfusates of cat and rabbit kidneys incubated in Ringer's solution. In perfusates of rabbit kidneys immediately after extirpation, no, or scarcely any, pressor substance is observed; but after incubation at ca. 2“ C. some pressor substance is found, and after incubation at 37” considerably more, with a tendency to increase in amount according to the duration of the incubation.3It is shown that the content of pressor substance in perfusates of incubated rabbit kidneys is considerably increased (is approximately 5–10 doubled) after pre‐treatment of the kidneys with phenol, toluol, ether or acetone. The pressor substance in these perfusates must be considered to be identical wit

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A method couvenient for the determination of the anticoagulant strength of heparin and synthetic polysaccharide sulfuric acids is described. Ox plasma and a large excess of thrombokinase are used, and the accuracy of the method seems comparable to that of the chicken plasma method. Under such conditions the synthetic substances are more powerful anticoagulants than is heparin.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1944.tb03076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1944

数据来源: WILEY