摘要:

Summary.The concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate. glucose, urea and the pH of pancreatic juice, obtained in response to secretion, were examined in two dogs over a 100‐fold range of variation in secretory rate. The concentrations of sodium and of potassium were 161 (± 4) and 5.3 (± 1.1) mEq per liter respectively and independent of secietory rate. The concentration of bicarbonate was independent of secretory rate at flows exceeding 0.5 ml per minute and averaged 120 mEq per liter in one of the dogs and 85 mEq per liter in the other. At secretory rates lower than 0.5 ml per minute the concentration of bicarbonate gradually dropped to values equal to or lower than plasma concentration. The concentration of chloride varied inversely with that of bicarbonate, the sum of the concentrations of the two anions amounting to 87 (± 5) per cent of the sum of the concentrations of the two cations at all secretory rates. The pH averaged 8.05 at secretory ratos exceeding 0.5 ml per minute. The secretion/plasma concentration ratio for urea was 0.9 and 0.8 in the two dogs and in dependent of secretory rate. The secretion/plasma concentration ratio for glucose was approximately 0.2 and independent of the. concentration of glucose in the plasma.The findings are compared to previous similar studies on human sweat. parotid saliva and tears. The hypothesis is forwarded that glandular secretion involves the formation of precursor solutions which are modified by the reabsorption of sodium and of water in the ducts of the sweat and parotid glands. whereas similar reabsorptive processes cannot be demonstrated in the case of the lacrymal and pancreatic glands. Moreover. glucose appears to he conserved by the sweat and parotid glands. but not by the two other gl

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01346.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.In decerebrate cats stretch reflexes from the ankle extensors have been studied in 100 fibres from dissected ventral root filaments. These reflexes have been maximally facilitated by post‐tetanic potentiation, as describthd by Granit(1956 a).In the post‐tetanic or potcwtiated state the reflexes to a constant 10 mm stretch haw been found to fall into two main categories: (i) tonic reflexes which go on firing for a long duration in maintained stretch and (ii) phasic ones which only fire one or two spikes on the rising phase of stretch, in spite of any amount of post‐tetanic potentiatioit.Analysis of spike size showed that the tonic ventral horn cells tended to fire smaller spikes than the phasic ones. From this it was concluded that the tonic motoneurones tend to group themselves among the smaller ventral horn cells.The difference between tonic and phasic ventral horn cells was maintained when the extensor tonus was raised by decortications of the anterior lobe of the cereb

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01347.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Free fatty acid has been found to make up a significant part of rat thoracie duct lymph lipids during fat absorption.The results obtained indicate that the free fatty acids of thoracic duct lymph are original constituents of the lymph rather than derived by hydrolytic processes in the lymph.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01348.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.In experiments on cats the nature of the basal vascular tone that remains after sympathectomy has been analysed.The basal tone of the vessels of the skeletal muscles is quite marked while the vessels of the paw, with its abundance of arteriovenous anastomoses, become almost maximally dilated after constrietor fibre section. On the other hand, the latter type of vessels are more sensitive to known biogenic constrictor substances. No evidence of a release of vasotonic agents from the spleen could be obtained.It is therefore suggested that basal vascular tone can hardly be a consequence of circulating constrictor agents, but is probably a matter of smooth muscle automaticity, more or less pronounced in different regions depending on the degree of functional differentiation of the vessels.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01349.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Chicks reared on a nearly fat‐free diet for 4 weeks and rats reared on a fat‐free diet for 18 weeks showed a considerable decrease of total dienoic fatty acid in the body. At the same time trienoic fatty acid increased markedly. The increase in trienoic fatty acid must have originated from dienoic since the changes of the other polyenoic fatty acids could not account for

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01350.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1. The weight of the submaxillary gland was determined in five groups of cats: 1) normal, 2) hypophysectomized, 3) adrenalectomized, 4) adrenalectomized maintained on DOCA, 5) undernourished.2. Hypophysectomized adult cats, properly fed, can be kept for several weeks without loss in body weight. Adrenalectomized adult cats, with proper feeding and saline injections, can be kept up to 16 days with a loss in body weight of only 4–10 yo.3. After hypophysectomy the submaxillary gland looses about 40 % in weight, after adrenalectomy the gland may be reduced to less than half the original size. Dehydration does not essentially contribute to this change.4. DOCA in daily doses of 0.5–5.0 mg/kg possibly has a slight effect in preventing the atrophy of the salivary gland in adrenalectomized cats.5. In undernutrition. rcsulting in 20 % loss in body weight in four weeks, the weight of the salivary gland in per cent of body weight is the same as in normal controls.Hypophysectomy and control of completeness of the operation were done by Dr. DoraJacobsohn, whose help we gratefully acknowle

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01351.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1. The cholinesterase activity of the “true” and “pseudo” types of homogenized submaxillary gland, gastro‐intestinal mucosa and liver was determined in five groups of cats: 1) normal, 2) hypophysectomized, 3) adrenalectomized, 4) adrenalectomized maintained on DOCA, 5) undernourished.2. In normal cats the choliiiesterase of the submaxillary gland is predominantly of the “true” type, in the liver the “pseudo” type only could be found, in the gastric mucosa the “pseudo” type prevails beside merely detectable amounts of “true” esterasc. while the mucosa of the small intestine is abundant in both types of esterase.3. Hypophysectomy and adrenalectomy are followed by a coilsiderable increase in the concentrations of “true” and “pseudo” cholinesterase in the salivary gland. Similar changes occur in the intestinal mucosa after adrenalectomy, while they are absent in the liver and gastric mucosa.4. In adrenalectomized cats treatment with DOCA possibly had a slight (statistically not significant) effect in lowering the cholinesterase levels of the salivary gland towards normal, while no such effect was observed in the intestinal mucosa.5. In cats on reduced food a decrease in both types of esterase activity was found in the mucosa of the small intestine, whereas in the salivary gland, gastric mucosa and

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01352.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The effect of a vasodilating substance benzazolinchloride (Priscol) on the gastric secretion was studied in a Heidenhain pouch‐dog. It was found that:Priscol alone did not initiate secretion except in very high doses. but that it could enhance secretion already induced by histamine. This potentiating effect could be related to the strength of the existing stimulation.The higher the preceding secretion rate, the higher the effect of Priscol expressed as a coefficient of histamine equivalence.It was suggested that the action of histamine on the gastric glands is not due to its vasodilating property. The probability that the vasodilation causes an increased maximal secretory capacity was discussed.The esperiments were defrayed lip grants from the Medical Faculty of Uppsal

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01353.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.S35‐labelled sodium sulphate is injected subcutaneously into rats. and the radioactivity in the cerebroside fractions of the brain is determined. Some exchange is found to take place between the ester sulphate of the sulphocerebrosides and the labelled free sulphate

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01354.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1956.tb01355.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY