摘要:

AbstractThe solubility of acetylene in lung tissue is measured by a rebreathing technique. Enough acetylene is dissolved in the lung tissue to simulate an extra gaseous lung volume between 0.274–0.48 liters. This should give an error of 7–12 % in cardiac output determination with the acetylene rebreathing met

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02717.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRats were given a semisynthetic diet containing 50 percent fat. One series received unsaturated fats (corn oil) and another saturated fats (coconut oil). A small series was used as control. After about 3 months the animals were cooled and the oesophageal temperature at the last heart beat was registered. The hearts from the coconut oil series stopped beating at a significantly higher temperature (12.9° C) than the hearts from the corn oil series (7.2° C). The exact explanation for the difference between the two series is not known but it is suggested that the physical properties of the myocardial cells, especially the cell membranes, are of importance for the tolerance to hypothermi

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02718.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn 9 goats studied, local cooling of the cr hypothalamic region (the“heat loss center”) was found to cause a marked increase in the release of protein bound iodine (PBI131) from the thyroid gland concomitant with the development of extreme hyperthermia. Local cooling of other parts of the brain was negative in these respects. Median eminence lesions blocked the thyroidal response to central cooling. The lesioning of the median eminence by RF heating, however, in itself resulted in a conspicuous release of PBI131from the thyroid. Local warming of the“heat loss center” was found to block the thyroidal response to a general cold stress and to retard the normal release of PBI131from the thyroid. When such warming was prolonged in the cold, a lowering of the core temperature about 10°C occurred, but the development of hypothermic hyperglycemia was prevented. It is suggested that central“warm detectors” in the“heat loss center”, even at a normal body temperature, exert a certain inhibitory tone on the release of TSH from the hypophysis. The strength of this inhibition seems to increase in proportion to the rise of the temperature of the“heat loss center”,i. e. in proportion to the degree of activation of the central“warm detectors”. It seems likely that other hormonal cold defense mechanisms are also inhibited in a similar manner

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02719.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAfter sympathetic denervation the noradrenaline content of the rat submaxillary gland decreased slowly during the first 8 hours and disappeared completely in 24 hours. Reserpine and guanethidine caused depletion of noradrenaline from denervated as well as innervated glands. In the case of reserpine the denervated gland was slightly less depleted (p<0.05). The noradrenaline depletion produced by treatment with these two drugs and by sympathetic denervation was significantly reduced by simultaneous injection of bretylium. In addition bretylium had a releasing effect, not as striking as that of rescrpine and guanethidine, but highly significant. The implications of these results are discussed.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02720.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImmediately following surgical removal of the uterus, four myometrial strips of equal size were cut out from the corpus and used simultaneously, each suspended in a 40 ml cuvette. Temperature, pH, etc. were continuously controlled. The motility was recorded isometric ally on a smoked drum. Histo‐logical determination of the phase in the menstrual cycle was made on each uterus. Prostaglandin from pooled human semen (HSF‐PG) inhibited the myometrium in most cases in a concentration of 0.005 U/ml bath fluid; the highest sensitivity occurring at the time of ovulation. Some uterus strips reacted by stimulation to prostaglandin. Among these some (mid‐cycle preparations) were inhibited by larger doses of prostaglandin, while the remainder, equally distributed within the menstrual cycle, were consistently stimulated. Factors regulating the reactivity pattern are briefly disc

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02721.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe kinetics of the elimination from the blood stream of intravenously injected fat emulsion (Intralipid®) and of chylo‐micrones have been studied in the fasting dog. The elimination was estimated by determination of the arterial whole blood glyceride concentration and subtraction of the basal glyceride concentration. The same type of elimination was found in all dogs studied. The elimination consisted of two phases operating above and below a glyceride concentration of around 1.1 mM (increase above basal level) respectively. Above the concentration 1.1 mM the elimination was linear, i.e. a constant amount of glycerides was eliminated per unit time. The mean value for the elimination in this phase was 0.05 mmole/l blood per minute. Below this concentration the elimination was single exponential, i.e. a constant fraction was removed per unit time. The mean value found for this elimination was 5 per cent per minute. No greater difference was observed between the synthetic emulsion and chylomicrones. The physiological significance of the maximal elimination rate above 1.1 mM and the concentration dependent elimination below is briefly discuss

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02722.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn confirmation of earlier reports, cervical ganglionectomy causes a strong decrease in the nor‐adrenaline content of the submaxillary gland while the adrenaline content is well maintained. In contrast to a recent report in the literature, the adrenaline content of the denervated gland was not found to be markedly influenced by adrenalectom

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02723.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe intravenous injection of thyroxine (about 15 μg/kgb. wt.) was found to have blocked completely the thyroidal response to local cooling of the“heat loss center” after 2 hours in the goat. However, 15 to 20 min after the administration of thyroxine this blockage was still largely incomplete, suggesting that an accumulation of thyroxine has to occur at some site before a full inhibition of TSH release is obtained. The results are discussed in the light of Brown‐Grant's(1957)“feed‐back” hypothesis of the control of thyr

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02724.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe activity, per mg protein, of purified phosphorylaseaprepared from smooth muscle (bovine tracheal muscle) was found to be approximately one half that of the corresponding purified enzyme from striated muscle. Under the action of phosphorylase phos‐phatase (PR enzyme) from tracheal or skeletal muscle, phosphorylaseawas converted to phosphorylasebcoincidently with liberation of inorganic phosphate. A higher concentration of AMP was required for activation of smooth muscle phosphorylasebthan for activation of striated muscle phosphorylaseb. Partially purified phosphory‐lase phosphatase from bovine tracheal muscle had, per mg protein, approximately one‐fourth the activity of the corresponding enzyme from rabbit skeletal muscle. In the presence of ATP and magnesium ions phosphorylaseawas synthetized from phosphorylasebby phosphorylasebkinase prepared from tracheal or skeletal musclr. Inactivc phosphorylasebkinase was activated by adenosine‐3′–5′‐phosphate, by calcium ions, and by increasing the pH of the incubation

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02725.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe intra‐gastric pressure fluctuation during natural breathing is presumed to indicate the pressure moving the abdomen and thoracic wall. The mechanics of the abdomen and thoracic wall were estimated in resting human subjects by means of intra‐gastric pressure tidal volume curves. Compliance was 0.06–0.23 l/cm water, resistance 0.5–6.5 cm water/ I/sec, and rate of aspiratory work 15–100 litre cm water/min (100 litre cm water = 1 kpm) for abdomen and thoracic wall together. Supine as compared to sitting position increased the compliance and decreased the resistance. The abdomen was calculated to have a higher compliance and a lower resistance than the thoracic wall and to account for more than 0.6 of resting ve

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02726.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY