摘要:

AbstractHistamine release and concomitant morphological changes in rat peritoneal mast cells were studied under various conditions. It was found that mast cells react somewhat differently, depending on the means by which histamine release was brought about. Bee venom produced effects similar to those of compound 48/80 and seemed to trigger an active cell process with extrusion of mast granules as a final result.n‐Decylamine and hyposmotic solutions appeared to bring about histamine release by affecting the integrity of mast cell fine structure resulting in a breakdown of plasma membrane and cellular compartment

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03733.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe histamine release process in rat peritoneal mast cells, exposed to histomine liberators, can be terminated by the addition of ice‐cold salt solution. This was taken advantages of for studies on the time course of histamine release and concomitant morphological changes induced by compound 48/80, bee venom andn‐decylamine. After addition of compound 48/80 or bee venom, histamine was released in about 10 sec at 37/dG C and about 30 sec at 22/dG C. independently of the liberator concentration. AT 22/dG C the release was preceded by a lag period, which was shorter with higher liberator concentrations. The enzyme inhibitors potssium cyanide and N‐ethylmaleimide did not alter the duration of the reaction induced by compound 48/80 or bee venom, although they lowered the final release. The release curve showed a different shape when histamine was released byn‐decylamine. The morphological changes, studied both in the light and electron microscope, were found to be correlated to the histamine

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03734.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ATP content of isolated pritoneal mast cells from 15 rats averaged 1.7 ± 0.1 mmoles/kg dry weight. When degranulation of the cells and histamine release was induced by compound 48/80 no significant decrease in the ATP content could be demonstratred. When buffered distilled water was used instead as degranulating and histamine releasing agent the ATP content of the cells decreased by 65—75 per cent with an apparent t1/2 of about 20 sec. The result are descussed in relation to the postulated energy‐dependent reaction involved in the degranulation by compound 4

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03735.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHistamine release from isloated rat mast cell is induced by ATP (10‐5— 3 × 10‐5M). The activity found in an ADP‐perepatation was shown to be due to contamination with ATP, purified ADP has no activity. AMP, 3′ 5′ AMP, PCr and PEP were without histamine releasing activity. Histamine release induced by ATP was compared with that caused by compound 48/80 with respect to the influence of Ca++, Mg++, Zn++, ouabain, DNP, oligomaycin and glucose. The results are interpreted to indicate that ATP and compoundf 48/80 release histamine by mechanisms that in certain respects differ from each other. The histamine releasing effect of ATP is discussed in relation to the enery‐requiring mechanism that iis known to be involved in histamine release by

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03736.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIsolated rat peritoneal mast cells were exposed to compound 48/80 inAisotonic salt solution and inBisotonic sucrose solution. In both cases degranulation and histamine release occurred. InAall the released histamine appeared dissolved in the suspension medium, the discharged granules having lost their histamine. InBthe discharged granules were show to retain histamine. These granules released their histamine when suspended in a NaC1‐containing medium. Depleted granules could be refilled with histamine by suspension in a histamine‐containing medium and again depleted of the amine by exposure to sodium chloride. The proposal is made that the histamine release induced by compound 40/80 is a two stage process, a primary energy‐requiring transport of histamine‐containing granules to the outside of the mast cell and a secondary nonenergy‐requiring physico‐chemical process, anextracellularcation exchange in the shed granules between histamine and cations, mainly sodium in the t

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03737.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe incidence of gastric and duodenal ulcers following reserpine was studied in cats. A single injection of 0.10 mg/kg of reserpine produced the highest incidence of antral ulcers (89 per cent) after 12 hrs and of duodenal ulcers (50 per cent) after 24 hrs. No ulcer was detected 8 days or more after the single injection. Reserpine injected every 24 hr for 2 to 4 days produced a lower incidence of antral ulcers than a single injection. In cats injected daily with reserpine for 6 days or more no ulcer was detected. Reserpine produced no ulcer in the oxyntic gland area. The ulcerogenic effect of reserpine remained after adrenalectomy. Truncal vagotomy or pretreatment with reserpine reduced the incidence of ulcers and also the acid response to reserpine. 0.10 mg/kg of reserpine was more effective to produce ulcer and to stimulate acid secretion than 0.03 mg/kg/. The results suggested that the transient ulcerorgenic effect of reserpine was related to its effect on acid secretion.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03738.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe cholinergic sympathetic vasodilator nerves were activated by topical stimulation in the hypothalamus and the mesencephalon during graded levels of vasoconstrictor nerve activity. Chloralose anestletized as well as conscious dogs were used. In the anesthetized dogs the isolated gracilis muscle was perfused with blood at a constant flow rate. The perfusion pressure was recorded. In unanesthetized dogs blood flow was measured with an electromagnetic flow‐meter probe placed around the external iliac artery. Increase in vasoconstrictor nerve activity was produced either by clamping one or both common carotid arteries or by central topical stimulation through electrodes in the vasoconstrictor areas in the hypothalamus. Activation of cholinergic vasodilator nerves produced a vasodilator response in the skeletal muscles. An increase in vasoconstrictor tone inhibited the effect of threshold vasodilator nerve stimulation. However, when the vasodilator nerves were stimulated with suprathreshold intensity the vasodilator response could be produced even at an elevated vasoconstrictor tone. On the other hand a very pronounced vasoconstrictor tone, only possible to produce in the anesthetized dogs, reduced the vasodilator response in some experiments. The experimental findings indicate a peripheral antagonism between the two types of vasomotor nerves, however, at least in dogs this is presumably of minor physiological importance. A strong activation of cholinergic vasodilator nerves may increase the muscle blood flow even if the arterioles are under increased vasoconstrictor nerve activit

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03739.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of electrical vegal stimulation on the antral and duodenal gastrin activity was determined in anesthetized cats. Vagal stimulation for 1 hr at 5, 10 and 20 imp/sec reduced the antral gastrin activity to about 75, 50 and 35 per cent, respectively. Corresponding figures for figures for 2 hrs stimulation was 45, 30 and 25 percent of the activity in unstimulated cats, thus showing a further reduction. Stimulation for 4 hrs did not produce any further reduction. Vagal stimulation for 2 hrs with all 3 frequencies reduced the gastrin activity in the mucosa of the proximal duodenum to unmeasurable levels.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03740.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA micromethod is described for the determination of choline acetylase in single cells. The method involves the use of [14C] acetyl CoA adn choline as suvstrates giving rise to [14C] acetylcholine which is quantitatively precipitated as a reineckate. After washing the reineckate to remove the residual radioactivity of the substrate, the labelled reineckate is dissolved in acetone and counted in a scintillation counter. The method is suitable for the quantitative determination of enzyme activities in 50–100 individual cells per experiment. The sensitivity of the method is 10‐13moles of [14C] acetylcholine/h

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03741.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract>Cholinacetylase (ChAc) activity was determined in normal and denervated lumbosacral sympathetic ganglia of the cat. Preganglionic denervation resulted in 98 per cent decrease of the ChAc. The postsynaptic ChAc activity was related to the proportion of presumably cholinergic cell bodies in the denervated ganglion. ChAc was found in about 13 per cent of the cell bodies in the 7th lumbar ganglion before as well as after denervation. The average enzyme activity in the cell decreased by about 50 per cent after denervation. The results indicate that ChAc is rather specifically located in cholinergic presynaptic and postsynaptic structures. The data favour the concept that sympathetic ganglia of the cat contain at least two different cell populations with distinct cytochemical, histochemical and pharmacological characteristics.

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03742.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY