ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1968.tb03861.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAfter loading the isolated, perfused dog spleen with tritium‐labeled noradrenaline intra‐arterial injections of tyramine were found to cause an increase in the overflow of both labeled, exogenous and of endogenous noradrenaline into the effluent from the organ. The overflow response to 2–3 consecutive injections of a standard dose of tyramine remained relatively constant. Increasing the tyramine dose up to 100‐fold resulted in a marked increase in the pressor response but did not produce a proportional increase in the overflow of noradrenaline. Phenoxybenzamine added to the perfusion fluid strongly reduced or completely abolished the overllow response to t

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1968.tb03862.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTBothd‐andlmetaraminol (MA) were able to displace3H‐dlMA from subcellular fractions of the mouse heart when given 15 min after administration of the labelled amine. Thel‐formwas more effective. however. If the unlabelled isomers were given 24 hrs after3H‐dlMA only thelisomer was an effective displacing agent, although it was less effective than when it was given 15 min after the tritiated racemic mixture. These results suggest thatdMA is not firmly bound to the particulate fraction and is rapidly lost from sympathetically innervated tissues. It is further suggested that there is a transfer of MA from a more to a less available granular storage site wi

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1968.tb03863.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAt “resting” intestinal blood flow the venous appearance time of intra‐arterially injected red cells labelled with methemoglobin exceeded by 1–2 sec that of oxygen administered in an identical manner. This observation is taken to indicate an extravascular shunting (counter‐current exchange) of oxygen between the ascending and descending limbs of the mucosal vascular loops located mainly in the villi. During vasodilatation induced by isopropylnor‐adrenaline or vasoconstriction induced by stimulation of the regional sympathetic fibres (4 imp/sec) no difference in venous appearance time between red cells and oxygen could be demonstrated. The physiological significance of the findings of the present study i

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1968.tb03864.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSvanes, K. Microcirculatory changes and general responses to 5‐Hydroxytryptamine in Normothermic and hypothermic mice. Acta physiol. scand. 1968. 72. 404–411.5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) was injected i.v. into unanesthetized, anesthetized normothermic and hypothermic (21–22° C) mice, and the general effects of the injections were observed. In addition, conjunctival microscopy and hematocrit determinations were performed. 5‐HT was found to cause a syndrome characterized by exophtalmus, respiratory distress, cyanosis, edema, evacuation of bowels, salivation, lethargy, constriction and slow blood flow in the metarterioles, dilatation and stasis in the venules, and hemoconcentration. In general the reaction to 5‐HT was relatively mild in unanesthetized mice, moderate in anesthetized normothermic mice and severe in hypothermic mice. The marked reaction to 5‐HT under hypothermia might be due to retarded elimination of 5

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-201X.1968.tb10850.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRosengren, E. and N.‐O. Sjöberg.Changes in the amount of adrenergic transmitter in the female genital tract of rabbit during pregnancy. Acta physiol. scand. 1968. 72. 412–424.The noradrenaline present in the female reproductive organs — ovary, oviduct, uterus, and vagina — of the rabbit is stored in adrenergic nerves. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that these nerves are related to the vascular bed and the smooth muscle walls; besides the vascular nerves the ovary also contains adrenergic nerves unrelated to the vessels. The adrenergic innervation of the genital organs originates from sympathetic ganglia located near the effector organs, as well as from pre‐ and paravertebral ganglia. During the former half of pregnancy a marked increase in neuronal noradrenaline occurs in the reproductive organs, except in the ovary. In the uterus and the vagina this increase is followed by a dramatic decrease in total noradrenaline during the latter half of pregnancy; by the end of pregnancy the uterus is almost completely devoid of noradrenaline‐containing sympathetic nerves. The findings are discussed in terms of an humoral influence on the adrenergic neurons supplying the female reprod

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-201X.1968.tb10851.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChakravarty, N.Further observations on the inhibition of histamine release by 2‐deoxyglucose. Acta physiol. scand. 1968. 72. 425–432.The effect of 2‐deoxyglucose (2‐DG) on histamine release from rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80 and antigen‐antibody reaction has been studied. In a glucose‐free oxygenated medium 2‐DG has no effect on compound 48/80‐induced histamine release and inhibits anaphylactic release only in high concentrations. Cyanide inhibition of both compound 48/80‐induced and anaphylactic histamine release is however potentiated by a low concentration (5 mM) of 2‐DG. When glucose is used to restore histamine release blocked by cyanide, 2‐DG (5 mM) markedly inhibits the release. Iodoacetate, fluoride and oxamate have a similar blocking effect on the glucose‐sustained histamine release in presence of cyanide. The findings are explained on the basis of a predominant inhibitory effect of 2‐DG on the glycolytic

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-201X.1968.tb10852.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHenriksen, F. W.The effect of synthetic secretin on the external pancreatic secretion in dogs. Acta physiol. scand. 1968. 72. 433–440.The effect of synthetic secretin on the external pancreatic secretion was investigated in three dogs with Thomas fistulas and gastrostomies. The dose‐response curve was determined in two dogs. The maximal secretory capacity equalled that obtained with other secretin preparations. Supramaximal doses of synthetic secretin did not depress the secretion of fluid or bicarbonate. A short‐lasting increase in the protein secretion after injection of synthetic secretin is explained as a “wash‐out”

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-201X.1968.tb10853.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractJahn, SamiaAlAzharia.Response of isolated muscle spindles to single transient stretches. Acta physiol. scand. 1968. 72. 441–455.The smallest stretch of isolated frog muscle spindles which regularly evoked an afferent discharge was 8 ± 2 μ measured as the displacement of a graphite granule placed above the equatorial region 5–8 mm from the distal tendon of the muscle. The threshold deformation (T) was independent of an increase in the rate of deformation from 0.016 × T/msec to 1.0 × T/msec and of an increase in the initial elongation from 10 to 25 per cent above equilibrium length. The rate below which the spindle did not respond to stretch was 0.01 × T/msec. With low rates of stretch (0.016–0.03 × T/msec) the afferent response occurred before the deformation was completed and with higher rates (0.1–1.0 × T/msec) after it was completed.A second afferent response was elicited when the deformation exceeded 2 times threshold (rate of stretch: 0.1–0.3 × T/msec) or 3–4 times threshold (rate of stretch: 0.6–2.7 × T/msec). The shortest interval between two afferent responses was 2 msec.Depending on the timing of the spontaneous afferent activity and the spontaneous intrafusal contractions the afferent response evoked by a stretch was abolished or its latency was

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-201X.1968.tb10854.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractJohansson, B. and O. Jonsson.Cell volume as a factor influencing electrical and mechanical activity of vascular smooth muscle. Acta physiol. scand. 1968. 72. 456–468.The effects of variations in the extracellular osmolarity on the electrical and mechanical activity of the isolated rat portal vein were studied. Addition of sucrose or xylose (20–100 mmoles/l) to the “normal” solution caused inhibition of contractile activity which could be ascribed to changes in the electrical discharge pattern. Increasing osmolarity with urea produced transient inhibition, return to control activity, and, on return to normal solution, a transient excitation. Reducing osmolarity by 30–60 mOsm/l by decreasing the [Na+] and [Cl−] of the medium caused sustained excitation with continuous spike discharge and tetanic contraction. Comparable decreases in the ionic concentrations but with osmotic substitution by sucrose or xylose had little influence on muscle activity. Substituting Na+and Cl−with urea on an equiosmolar basis caused excitation resembling that in hypoosmotic solution. If the smooth muscle cells are looked upon as osmotic cells with membranes that are freely permeable to1H2O and urea but less permeable to sugar and ions, the results indicate a consistent correlation between cell volume and state of activity; shrinkage associated with inhibition, swelling with excitation. Changes in the transmembrane concentration gradients for K+, Na+and Cl−, caused by the cellular volume changes, are not sufficient to explain the electrical responses. Changes in ionic membrane permeability are a

ISSN:0001-6772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-201X.1968.tb10855.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY