摘要:

The animal phylum Arthropoda consists of at least 1.5 million species. The class Arachnida, one of the major subdivisions of this phylum, includes a number of species that generate medical interest because of their potential danger to man. Members of the orders Araneae (the spiders) and Scorpionida (true scorpions) universally generate human fear and sometimes justifiably so.

ISSN:0164-2340    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Reptile envenomation in the United States is a clinical problem not infrequently encountered and often vexing for primary care physicians. Morbidity and mortality have not significantly changed over the past several decades, with commercial antivenin and supportive measures constituting the bulk of standard therapy. The advent of purified ovine Fab preparations shows great promise for more effective and safer antivenom treatment. An overview of venom characteristics, envenomation patterns, prehospital treatment practices, standard and experimental clinical guidelines, and alternative therapeutic modalities is presented with strong emphasis on North American data. International research is included where applicable.

ISSN:0164-2340    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

While yellow jackets and fire ants account for the greatest number of Hymenoptera-induced emergency department visits, their cousin the Africanized honeybee is not far behind with its aggressive nature and tenacity. Hymenoptera stings cause more than 40 deaths per year. Despite advances in venom immunotherapy available for some species, these insects are still a real threat to the general population as well as to those who have been previously sensitized to them. This article will compare the different habitats and personalities of major species within the Hymenoptera order. The article also will present treatment for envenomation as well as discuss preventive measures to educate the public.

ISSN:0164-2340    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Marine envenomations and toxidromes, although seen relatively infrequently in the United States, are a significant worldwide problem. The incredible diversity of marine life is reflected by the variety of sea creatures capable of envenomation. These animals comprise a number of different phyla and far outnumber terrestrial creatures in their variety as well as their methods of envenomation. Fortunately, most of the venoms, and hence their effects on humans, have evolved along remarkably similar structural patterns. This allows a fairly standard rationale for treatment across the many different species. This article provides an overview of the animals themselves and their locations, responses to scare, general anatomy, venom compositions, envenomation syndromes, and treatments.

ISSN:0164-2340    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Surgical treatment of envenomation injuries usually falls under the supervision of a general or plastic surgeon. Patients are usually not seen in an acute setting, but are referred to the surgeon once tissue necrosis is impending or has occurred. There are many reasons why the number of surgical consultations for envenomation injuries has declined-better first aid and emergency department treatment, better antidotes, wound healing factors, etc. However, despite better initial treatment, surgery occasionally is still indicated. The most common inciting agents that cause soft tissue destruction are pit vipers and brown recluse spiders. Surgical treatment of these envenomation injuries will be discussed.

ISSN:0164-2340    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0164-2340    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID