摘要:

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper, prepared as a background document for the UNRISD/University of the West Indies conference on Economic Crisis and Third World Countries, is to provide a framework for consideration of societal changes accompanying economic recession and restructuring in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean over the past decade.It is the central argument of the paper that adaptation to crisis should not be considered a temporary phenomenon, interrupting a single, lineal process of modernization which can be expected to resume its course once current difficulties are overcome. On the contrary, both crisis and adjustment have profoundly modified the structure of incentives within which individuals and households must attempt to ensure their livelihood, encouraging new patterns of behaviour with long‐term implications for the nature of the economy, society and political practice.After a brief review of the macroeconomic background of crisis in each region, this central hypothesis is explored through a very preliminary analysis of the changing life chances of various kinds of upper, middle and lower income groups — emphasizing not only the costs but also the opportunities which have been associated with economic restructuring. Some individual and collective reactions to change are then considered, before raising a series of questions concerning the implications of crisis and adjustment for the state and civil soci

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis critique of the Structural Adjustment Programme in Uganda is argued at three levels. A discussion of the immediate consequences of SAP is based on empirical data on economic performance compiled by the Government of Uganda, IMF and World Bank. Second, information for a longer‐term historical analysis is culled from the author's own research. Its purpose is to raise more fundamental issues of social transformation. Finally, these perspectives are reinforced through a comparative discussion using South East Asian development experience. The author argues that there are diverse paths to capitalist development, with diverse and contradictory social and political consequences. The real issue in contemporary Uganda is not one of the state or the market, but of the transformation of relations internal to both from the point of view of democratizatio

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper is an attempt to re‐assess the nature of famines, as conceptualized in Professor Sen's entitlement theory, in the light of empirical evidence concerning the recent African famines. The paper identifies two critical phenomena that entitlement theory fails to explain. First, during famines, many people choose not to consume food rather than sell vital assets. Secondly, most famine mortality is not directly related to undernutrition, but is caused by outbreaks of disease. Sen's more recent work on poverty provides a framework for understanding these phenomena. The price of this is that entitlements themselves form only part of a larger account of famine. Some aspects of a revised account include coping strategies of famine‐affected people, social disruption, and violence. In this account, less severe famine is not theoretically distinct from acute poverty, and severe famine is distinct largely because of the severity of social collapse, which in Africa usually follows viole

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00384.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00385.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00386.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:C.H. Hanumantha Rao, Susantha K. Ray and K. Subbarao,Unstable Agriculture and Droughts. Implications for Policy.A. Vaidyanalhan,Bovine Economy in India.Bernard Glaeser (ed.),The Green Revolution Revisited. Critique and Alternatives.Prabhu L. Pingali, Yves Bigot, Hans P. Binswanger,Agricultural Mechanization and the Evolution of Farming Systems in Sub‐Saharan Africa.Constance G. Anthony,Mechanization and Maize. Agriculture and the Politics of Technology Transfer in East Africa.Robert Fatlon Jr.,The Making of a Liberal Democracy. Senegal's Passive Revolution, 1975–1985.Melanie Beresford,Vietnam: Politics, Economics and Society.Robert S. Ross,The Indochina Tangle. China's Vietnam Policy, 1975–1979.Richard Lawless and Laila Monahan (eds),War and Refugees: The Western Sahara Conflict.Julian Burger,Report from the Frontier. The State of the World's Indigenous Peoples.Peter J. Reynolds,Political Economy: A Synthesis of Kaleckian and Post‐Keynesian Economics.Sanjaya Lall,Learning to Industrialize. The Acquisition of Technological Capability by India.P.W. Preston,Rethinking Development: Essays on Development and Southeast Asia.J. Ives and D.C. Pill (eds),Deforestation: Social Dynamics in Watersheds and Mountain Ecosystems.John F. Richards and Richard P. Tucker (eds),World Deforestation in the Twentieth Century.Barry Munslow,The Fuelwood Trap: A Study of the SADCC Region.Salehuddin Ahmed (ed.),Impact of Agricultural and Energy Technology on the Rural Poor.Gustav Ranis and T. Paul Schultz (eds),The State of Development Economics. Progress and Perspectives.Christopher Clapham,Transformation and Continuity in Revolutionary Ethiopia.Cristóbal Kay,Latin American Theories of Development and Underdevelopment.Paul Taylor and A.J.R. Groom (eds),International Institutions

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00389.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0012-155X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1990.tb00390.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY