摘要:

This column provides news briefs and vignettes of the water industry as of July 1963.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01105.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article commemorates the Golden Anniversary of the AWWA Purification Division, and the brilliant record of the division's membership in service to the industry and to the public during the past 50 years. Outstanding members of the division's founders are mentioned, and pictures of past chairmen of the division are provided.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01092.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article discusses water purification over the last fifty years, 1913‐1963. The article presents notable events, the decline of waterborne disease, pioneering control studies, progress in chlorination, conventional treatment, coagulation, filtration, ion exchange and corrosion control, desalinization, prophylaxis, source and resource, and operations research.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01093.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article discusses future trends in the water industry from the current year 1963 forward, and the conditions that will influence those trends. Maintaining existing water quality standards will be challenging because of declining raw water quality. The addition of fluoride to the water is widely supported. Changes in treatment practices will occur for alum and iron salts, the use of coagulants may be reduced by using polyelectrolytes, flotation may be used instead of sedimentation, and chlorine may replace coagulation for color removal. The use of filters in water treatment will expand, along with water reuse, water softening by ion exchange in hard water areas of the country, the use of activated carbon for taste and odor problems, the use of chlorine dioxide and ozone for severe chlorinous tastes, treatment of potentially harmful wastes including reduction of ABS, and controlling the buildup of dissolved solids or minerals.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01094.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article discusses the international significance of water purification, which offers an unparalleled opportunity to the members of AWWA to provide service to deserving colleagues in the water supply profession, and, at the same time, to further the cause of public health in the developing nations of the world.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01095.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In recognition of the need for better technical understanding of the highly complex challenges encountered in treatment of water supplies, this article presents an overview of information and experiences on the varied subjects, including much unpublished hitherto. Topics covered include: increase in pollution; analysis techniques; treatment processes; polyelectrolytes; coagulation; jar tests; zeta potential; pathogenic organisms; algae; trace elements; pesticides; radioisotopes; and, taste and odor.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01096.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this joint discussion on the role of research and development in the water industry, James Girand of Elizabethtown Water Co., Elizabeth, NJ, discusses management's view of research and development, including issues of utility management such as operating costs, capital expenditures, research, and consultants. Malcolm Pirnie, Jr., discusses the role of the consulting engineer related to pilot plants, the use of computers, the client‐consultant relationship, the basic functions of consultants, and cost of consultants. J.D. Carpenter and James A. Romano of Gannett, Fleming, Corddry and Carpenter, Cons. Engrs., Harrisburg, PA, continue the discussion on consultants including the changing role of consultants, engineering in Latin America, collaboration and research, research in the water industry, the client‐engineer relationship, engineering as teamwork, and types of jobs.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01097.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The objectives of this study on the qualitative and quantitative effects of rate changes made during a filter run were to determine: the relation between magnitude of the rate disturbance and resulting change in effluent quality; the relation between the duration of the disturbance and resulting change in effluent quality; and, whether gradual or sudden rate increases have greater effect on effluent quality. The investigation was conducted using three types of influent suspensions and two filtering facilities. The pilot plant consisted of a mixing and aeration tank, a pump which pumped to a constant‐head tank, and three plexiglass tube sand filters, 6 in. ID, with flowmeter and photoelectric turbidimeter attached to each filter. Twelve experimental runs were made with the three pilot plant filters, resulting in 36 separate filter tests. Hydrous ferric oxide floc suspension was filtered in twelve filter tests. The results of each pilot plant run were evaluated to determine the maximum iron concentration passed by the filter following the rate change disturbance. Several conclusions were drawn from an analysis of the collected data, and the article provides a discussion of these conclusions, and their relationship to the stated objectives.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01098.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This report briefly summarizes the status of present knowledge on the properties of silver as a water disinfectant. However, the results of various investigators are not entirely in agreement with one another. This fact is commented on by Chambers and Proctor and is illustrated in their report. The need for a better analytic method for silver in the microgram‐per‐ liter range is mentioned. In addition, the need for more comprehensive information on interfering substances is evident, as is the need for some information on the effect of silver on viruses.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01099.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article discusses the presence of goitrogenic materials in some drinking waters. Stott and his colleagues considered hard water as a cause of goiter in their investigations, but their descriptions of the goitrous waters suggest that other pollutants might well have been abundant in these waters. Hettche's work on urochrome, although suggestive, is not definitive. Nitrates may be a factor, but no information is available on the effects of nitrates on human thyroid function, and their effect in experimental animals is weak. The common finding that boiling of the water eliminates the goitrogen suggests that a heat‐labile chemical may be involved. The possibility that an infectious agent is involved has been virtually eliminated by the epidemiologic and experimental observations. However, epidemiologic studies cannot be expected to determine which constituents in water are significant. One suspects that the emphasis in the literature on calcium and fluorine in water as goitrogens is related to the availability of relatively simple analytic methods for these elements. Unfortunately, analytic methods for organic pollutants in water are not so well developed.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01100.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY