摘要:

This column provides news briefs and vignettes of the water industry as of June 1963.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01091.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The water industry today has many challenges. Among these are: improved service; better finished‐water quality; realistic rates; adequacy of supply; better qualified management; adequate financing; adequate planning; adequate public support; elimination of plant deficiencies; and, better operation and maintenance. The article focuses on improved service, better finished water quality, realistic rates, and better qualified management as the most important challenges, not only to the public and the industry, but also important to each other. If the industry meets anyone of these challenges it will have taken a tremendous stride toward meeting all of them.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01070.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article is concerned with human health effects of chronic internal exposure for periods approaching a lifetime to very low levels of radioactivity in water that may or may not produce subtle damaging effects. The article examines the apparent differences among recommended standards in the following published documents: the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Report No.2; the National Committee on Radiation Protection (NCRP) Handbook 69; two Federal Radiation Council (FRC) guidance manuals; and, the 1962 USPHS Drinking Water Standards. A study of these documents indicates that for individual radioisotopes the recommended limits, although not identical, are not significantly different. All apparent differences between them are more a matter of terminology than of substance. An examination of the several limits proposed for Ra226will demonstrate this. This radioisotope is selected as an example because it occurs in all of the documents, and because it is a pollutant associated with normal peacetime industrial operations rather than with nuclear weapons testing.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01071.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article contains the AWWA statement of recommended policy and procedure, as reaffirmed by the AWWA Board of Directors on June 17, 1962, entitled “The Fluoridation of Public Water Supplies.” The article discusses studies of the effectiveness of fluoridation, along with the application of fluorides by water utilities, industrial effects of fluorides, and optimum fluoride levels. The policies on fluoridation of the medical and dental associations of the United States and Canada are reviewed in this article.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01072.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article reports the results of an investigation on the fact that the total flow of the Ohio River has been reused from four to as many as sixteen or seventeen times when the river passes Cincinnati. The data was based on an evaluation of water use and stream flow by the U.S. Geological Survey and supplemented with inventory records from the member states of the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia). Study conclusions indicated that: water withdrawn for municipal and industrial process use in the Ohio River drainage district (upstream from the confluence of the Ohio with the Cumberland and the Tennessee) totals 1.47 bgd; cooling water service for industrial and power plant installation totals 25.875 bgd; under drought flow conditions, less than one‐sixth of the stream flow in the Ohio River consists of water previously withdrawn for municipal or industrial process use, which is treated to reduce contamination prior to its return to the river; and, total municipal and industrial withdrawals would have to increase by 500 per cent before the point would be reached at which additional withdrawals would consist of once‐used water.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01073.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article discusses a method for normalizing revenues for residential consumption. The premise of this method is that the total annual consumption of residential customers may be subdivided into the “weather load” and the “base load.” The annual base load is the consumption of the average residential customer minus his additional consumption caused by weather conditions. The weather load is the excess consumption during summer months due to a combination of hot weather and dry periods. Therefore, the total annual load, or annual consumption by residential customers, is the weather load plus the base load.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01074.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article discusses the National Board of Fire Underwriters (NBFU) system for the evaluation of water supply for fire protection purposes.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01075.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This report is the second in a series on the technical aspects of groundwater recharge. Topics covered include: general description; purposes; recharge water; geologic considerations; design details; Los Angeles County operations; construction; operation and maintenance; and, records.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01076.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article reports on a survey of artificial groundwater recharge. The questionnaires indicated that artificial recharge is practiced in some form in 26 states. On the basis of data reported in the 1961 questionnaire, the task group concludes: where artificial recharge is practiced, the state should make an inventory of such recharge practices and projects; records of recharge operations should be filed with a central agency in each state; cost and benefit data should be developed for operating projects; and, research related to artificial recharge should be continued and guided to develop significant data.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01077.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article begins by discussing causes of taste and odor problems in both the raw and finished water of the Maumee River that include: seasonal effects; chemical contamination; algae; low stream flow; fertilizers and insecticides; and overtreatment. Treatment practices for control of tastes and odors are discussed, specifically: powdered carbon; granular activated carbon; potassium permanganate; ozone; and, chlorine dioxide. Operational procedures and design features that were instituted at the author's plant to cope with the raw water off flavors commonly encountered there are summarized in the article.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1963.tb01078.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1963

数据来源: WILEY