ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02766.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Water utility managers are urged to participate in the legislative process. Staff and governing bodies should be involved and should be informed as to what needs to be done and what effect proposed legislation is likely to have on the water system. Water managers are encouraged to utilize American Water Works Association (AWWA) contacts at the government affairs office in Washington, D.C., to turn to AWWA sections for help in dealing with legislation that affects them on a state and regional level and for help from section water utility councils, and to develop internal structures within the municipal framework to deal with issues at local and state levels. Guidelines for dealing with the legislative process are provided.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02755.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 1981 the Pueblo West Metropolitan District in Colorado filed an application for a change in the place, use, and point of diversion of the Wheel Ranch Ditch water right. A water court granted the request for change but imposed several conditions on the district, including a limitation on withdrawals. The district appealed the volumetric limitation, but an appellate court said that when an appropriator exercises his privilege to change a water right, he runs the risk of requantification. The diversion injured other users, said the court, in that out‐of‐priority diversions represented water that belonged to senior appropriators.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02758.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This discussion on the role of bottled water, point‐of‐use, and point‐of‐entry water treatment devices took place during the annual conference in Denver on June 25, 1986. Participants were: Donna M. Cirolia, director of government affairs for the Water Quality Association, Washington, D.C.; Michael B. Cook, director of the Office of Drinking Water, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.; Merrill R. Fie, president of the Deep Rock Water Company, Denver, Colo.; August A. Guerrera, president of A. Guerrera Associates and chairman of the New York Section of AWWA, Hauppauge, N. Y.; Nina I. McClelland, president of the National Sanitation Foundation, Ann Arbor, Mich.; Michael J. McGuire, director of water quality for The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif.; and Lee T. Rozelle, vice‐president in charge of science and technology for Culligan International Company, Northbrook, Ill. Michael E. Burke, moderator of the panel, is director of the Bureau of Public Water Supply Protection of the New York State Department of Health, Albany, N. Y.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02760.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02761.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Pilot‐scale constant‐rate and dedining‐rate direct filtration systems were evaluated for treating a high quality surface water, using two flow rates and alum or cationic polymer as the primary coagulant. Turbidity, particle count, and total coliform count were used to compare filtrate qualities. It was found that the effluent qualities for the two filtration schemes were the same—a result that disagrees with the conclusions of a previous study that used lime‐softened groundwater. However, the results of the current study were consistent with those of past projects in that the rate of head loss increase was the same for both types of filters.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02762.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The design experience at Empire, Colo., and the postdesign evaluation have provided knowledge about the efficiency of the slow sand filtration process at full‐scale and the basis for recommendations concerning slow sand filtration practice. Operation of the filter required daily inspection plus measurement of water depth and effluent turbidity, along with monthly scraping. Scraping required only two workhours, however, and only 0.2 in. (0.5 cm) of surface was removed. The projected life of the sand bed at this rate of removal is 15 years, with a residual depth of 1 ft (0.3 m).Giardiacysts were found in the raw water on five occasions, but none were found in the finished water. Microscopic organisms and particles were found in the raw water but either zero or rare numbers were found in the finished water.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02763.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The primary objective of this research was to determine whether results obtained with laboratory‐scale rapid rate filtration of low turbidity waters could be duplicated during full‐scale operation. With the aid of two field‐scale pilot filters, it was verified that, using proper chemical coagulation, rapid rate filtration can remove high percentages of microscopic particles, includingGiardiacysts. Although low temperatures have in the past been thought to hinder the treatment of low turbidity waters, the results of this research suggest that the rapid rate filtration of low turbidity waters can be as efficient at 32°F (0°C) as at higher temperatures.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02764.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the early 1970s the Metropolitan Water Board, located in central New York State, was faced with two challenges: to expand the treatment capacity of its Lake Ontario plant and to dispose of process waste economically and in such a way that the requirements of its pollutant discharge permit were met. Doubling of treatment capacity was accomplished, after extensive testing, by implementing high‐rate direct filtration, which also reduced the amount of alum sludge produced by the plant. Pilot‐ and full‐scale testing at the plant led to construction of permanent sludge‐handling facilities. This system incorporates modified retention lagoons for solids separation, initial consolidation, and storage; and a floating pump for transferring the sludge via a pipeline to a series of beds, where freezing, thawing, and decanting concentrate the sludge substantially, making it suitable for land application by standard earth‐moving equipment

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02765.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research investigated the important parameters influencing the degree of particulate removal from low turbidity water in a configuration that included rapid mixing followed by filtration. The varied parameters were rapid‐mixing velocity gradient, cationic polyelectrolyte type, and polyelectrolyte dosage. The cationic polyelectrolytes were characterized for molecular weight by membrane osmometry, light scattering, and high performance liquid chromatography. The filtration kinetics variables, including maximum depth‐averaged singlecollector efficiency and specific deposit, were used to characterize the efficiency of particulate removal for each of 72 filter runs. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the choice of polyelectrolyte was the only significant factor. Additionally, volume size distribution analyses of particle count data from in‐depth samples in the filter demonstrated that the polyelectrolyte configuration may be critical for adsorption of polyelectrolytes to particulates and media in filtration.

ISSN:0003-150X    

DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb02767.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY