摘要:

Human spermatozoa from 18 donors were used to prime lymphocytes from 15 donors in a total of 60 different combinations. The sperm primed lymphocytes were tested in second culture against a total of 60 autologous and 180 allogeneic x‐ray irradiated cells. We found that lymphocytes primed for 10–12 days in first culture with allogeneic spermatozoa showed highly significant responses in second culture to leukocytes autologous to the responder. The degree of autologous reactivity between specific subjects ranged from weak to significantly higher than the usual preferential primed lymphocyte typing reaction seen in a secondary mixed leukocyte culture reaction. These findings indicate that healthy human volunteers possess a set of self‐reactive lymphocytes that can be detected by priming with allogeneic sperm in specific combina

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01457.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Platelets are known to possess serologically detectable HLA‐A, B, C (class I) antigens, but not HLA‐DR (class II) antigens. We have used platelets as non‐labelled (cold) competitors for cell‐mediated lympholysis directed against determinants on PHA (3 days) and PWM (7 days)51Cr‐labelled (hot) lymphoblasts, i.e. T and B lymphoblasts, respectively.It is found that platelets are able to incompletely inhibit cytolysis against T‐lymphoblasts, but not B‐lymphoblasts. The inhibition is immunologically specific in the sense that only platelets autologous to the original stimulator cell block, while platelets autologous to the original responder cell do not. The immunogenetic specificity of platelet blocking is unknown at present, since no allogeneic third party platelets have been investigated. It is further found that platelets do not inhibit cytolysis by cytotoxic lymphocytes previously qualified to identify HLA‐non A, B, C, D/DR determinants on T‐lymphoblasts.Like in serology, platelets have to mature (≥ 7 days) in order to obtain optimal results. Since platelets are easy to procure and maintain their reactivity for months by simple storage in saline at 4°C, platelets may be used to screen for cell‐mediated lympholysis against HLA‐class 1,

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01458.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

When adherent mononuclear cells are removed from whole blood, the separated lymphocytes respond rapidly by proliferation to foreign cocultured lymphocytes. The reaction of responding cells against a pool of foreign stimulating cells can be detected in this rapid mixed lymphocyte culture (r‐MLC) within 28 h and antigenic disparity between family members, differing for only one HLA haplotype, can be measured within 36 h. These early responses show genetic specificity corresponding to those observed in a standard MLC at 96 h.The involvement of similar cell populations in the regulation of early responses to allogeneic cells and increased responses to autologous cells in r‐MLC, as well as accelerated responses in secondary MLC, is discus

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01459.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have investigated the amount of polymorphism of the mixed lymphocyte culture response in unrelated or distantly related rabbits from 6 independent sources. Nine RLA‐D alleles have been isolated in the homozygous state with evidence for at least 2 additional alleles. These estimates are similar to the mixed lymphocyte polymorphisms found in the rat and in ma

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01460.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recently we could demonstrate that antibiotics can interact with polymorphic membrane determinants. As a result, these determinants can no longer react with their corresponding antisera (Claas et al. 1981, 1982).In the present experiments it was found that allogeneic cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), which were cultured in the presence of antibiotics, induced significantly stronger lysis against the specific target than CTLs which were cultured in the absence of antibiotics. In some cases the CML assay was only positive according to the European Workshop criteria when penicillin was added to the cultures, whereas the assay was negative in the absence of penicillin.On the other hand when CTLs were induced in an MLC culture without penicillin, lysis was higher against the target cell in the absence of penicillin than in the presence of penicillin. By adding penicillin to the effector phase, inhibition of lysis was observed. No difference in3H‐thymidine‐incorporation was observed between MLC cultures with and without antibiotics. We conclude that antibiotics in the culture medium can influence the outcome of CML experime

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01461.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sera from 75 recipients of first cadaver donor renal transplants were analyzed for the development of anti‐HLA antibodies utilizing a complement dependent micro‐cytotoxicity assay. Anti‐HLA activity was assayed utilizing peripheral blood lymphocytes from a panel of normal donors. Anti‐HLA reactivity was felt to be present when a cell‐serum interaction yielded greater than 30% cell death. Reactivity was quantified as the percentage of donors reacting to a particular serum (PRL). Marked increase in PRL activity was demonstrated in 22 of 44 recipients rejecting their allografts and in some development of PRL reactivity could be demonstrated during immunosuppression and before allograft removal. In contrast, PRL reactivity was minimal in recipients with successful allograft (5 of 31 recipients) and this anti‐HLA activity was transient, disappearing after 6 months. Careful analysis of these anti‐HLA antibodies developing post‐transplantation, revealed that these antibodies to a large extent were very broadly reactive (multi‐specific) and could be absorbed out with platelets. Rather surprisingly, development of monospecific antibodies reactive to the mismatched HLA antigens, even early in the transplant course, was uncommon. These observations necessitate a re‐evaluation of “unacceptable” donor HLA antigens for second transplant recipients, especially since anti‐HLA alloantibody formation lacked “private” specificity and was present in only half the recipients rejecting their allograft. Additionally, these observations make one wonder whether “public” specificities on the HI.A molecule arc important in transplant compatibility.Since only half the recipients rejecting their allografts developed these broadly reactive alloantibodies, it became important to analyze factors that could predispose to alloantibody formation. Previous transfusions, pregnancies, number of rejections, degree of HLA antigen mismatch and presence of autolymphocytotoxins did not appear to have a major influence. However, recipients with HLA—A3and a mismatch at the B locus appeared to have a decreased likeli

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01462.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Basques were previously shown to present a high frequency of HLA—B18 and Bf Fl. which are known to be associated with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). During the VIII International Histocompatibility Workshop, we studied HLA‐A, B, C, DR; Bf, C4 and GLO.I polymorphisms in 51 unrelated French Basque IDDM patients and in 50 controls. Haplotypes were established by family studies in all controls and some patients. Two haplotypes were frequently found in the controls: HLA‐A1, Bw57, Bf S, C4 FIS, DR7and HLA‐Aw30, Cw5, B18, Bf Fl, C4 Fs°, DR3.The first one was not found in the patients. All the components of the second haplotype had increased frequencies possibly as a consequence of linkage disequilibrium with HLA—DR3: a highly significant association between IDDM and HLA‐DR3 was observed (90.2% vs 24.0%, relative risk (RR) = 29.1. P<10−11). The HLA‐DR4 frequency was slightly increased (37.3% vs 16.0%). and HLA—DR2 was not found. The silent alleleC4 s° was particularly associated with early diagnosed IDDM (86.7% in patients with age at onset under 20 years vs 57.1% in other patients, P<0.02). The high relative risk for HLA‐DR3/DR4 heterozygous vs that of individuals, possibly HLA‐DR3 homozygous, supported the hypothesis that two HLA‐DR linked genetic factors could be involved in the inheritan

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01463.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Several strategies have been proposed for the research of human anti‐la alloantisera. The present work evaluates the results of a screening made on multiparous sera, using either platelet‐absorbed sera or unabsorbed sera against cells coated by anti‐human‐beta‐2‐microglobulin antibodies. When the results of the two approaches were compared, it was observed that the latter shows a higher frequency of positive reactions, being able to detect weak anti‐la, and possibly non‐HLA antibodies, which are not revealed with the usual test on platelet‐absorbed serum. A significant correlation has been noted between the presence of anti‐HLA‐A,B,C and of anti‐la, demonstrating that the best source of Ia antibodies from multiparous women are sera also co

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01464.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recently, McMichael et al. (1980) described a monoclonal antibody that recognized a new specificity common to HLA‐A2 and B17. They thought that this epitope could only be seen by xeno‐antisera and not by allo‐antisera.Here, three allo‐antisera which also recognize antigenic determinants shared by HLA‐A2 and B17 are

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01465.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nineteen Kaposi's sarcoma patients were typed for their HLA, antigen phenotype frequency. HLA—Aw 19 was found to be significantly increased (p<0.001), and the relative risk for those carrying this antigen was 5.95.The relevance of the increased frequency of Aw‐19 in cancer is discus

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY