摘要:

This report documents various characteristics of HLA—D typing by mixed leukocyte culture reactions when lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) are substituted for peripheral blood lymphocytes as the stimulator cells. It also provides the rationale for designing the computer program described in the subsequent report. In such experiments, each donor to be HLA—D typed is stimulated with a panel of 30—50 HLA—D homozygous LCLs, each defined HLA—D allele being represented by several different human homogygous typing cells (LCT—HTCs). Variability in the strength of each donor's general response and in the strength of stimulation by each LCL—HTC makes it necessary to normalize raw data before the responses of various combinations can be compared and typing responses distinguished from non‐typing responses. The autologous response and its equivalent effect among allogeneic combinations, the so‐called “autologous‐stimulation” effect, must also be distinguished from true allogeneic responses. The latter has been accomplished by “modelling,” as described in the subsequent report. EBV‐negative donors can also be HLA—D typed by this method despite the EBV‐positivity of the LCL—HTCs. Preliminary analyses suggest that the HLA‐D alleles defined by this method appear to segregate with app

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

When lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) are substituted for peripheral blood lymphocytes from human typing cell donors in HLA—D typing experiments, a data analysis program must be designed to distinguish the effect of allo‐reactivity from those peculiar to LCL, mainly the “autologous‐stimulation” effect. The computer program described in this report was created specifically for such an analysis. The rationale for the design of this program is presented in the preceding report (see th

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A direct, specific and rapid method has been developed to prospectively evaluate lymphocyte médiated cytotoxicity (LMC) for kidney transplant recipients. Donor lymphocytes, labeled with fluorescein diacetate, were incubated in a microtest plate for 2 h with recipients' effector cells. The percentage of fluorescent cells in each well was estimated relative to controls using an inverted phase fluorescence microscope. Lymphocytes obtained from seven of 12 recipients posttransplantation exhibited positive reactions, fluorescence of labeled donor cells was reduced to 30—65% of that observed in controls, and these reactive patients required nephrectomies. The responses of the remaining five patients were negative. Tests with their donor cells showed 80—95% control fluorescence, with favorable transplant results. Six of 21 recipients evaluated prospectively required nephrectomies within 34 days post‐transplantation. Three of these subjects showed 15—65% control fluorescence, a positive LMC response; the other three yielded negative LMC responses but required nephrectomies possibly due to renal ischemia prior to transplantation. The remaining 15 patients demonstrated 85—90% control fluorescence with graft function continuing for 17 to 270 days. The results from direct LMC tests with a fluorescent label indicate that the system is of value in predicting early rejection of renal allot

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have observed that certain antisera to HLA antigens suppress thein vitroproliferation of lymphoblastoid cell lines. An antiserum to HLA‐B8 demonstrated suppressor activity associated with the presence of B8 antigen on the target LCLs; this activity was removed by absorptions with platelets or with B8‐positive LCLs. An antiserum to HLA—DRw7 suppressed proliferation of all six DRw7‐positive LCLs and none of 12 DRw7‐negative LCLs; this activity was removed by absorptions with three DRw7‐positive LCLs, each representing a different HLA‐D allele (i.e. Dw7, 10 and 11); it could not be removed by triple serial absorptions with platelets from multiple‐donor pools. These experiments indicate that the suppressor activity of this serum is specifically associated with antibodies to DRw7. Our model of LCL growth suppression by HLA antisera is easily manipulated and provides a definitive tool for further characterizing HLA antigens and antisera in a complement‐i

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The time‐dose responses to several murine histocompatibility antigens were studied using lymphocytes as an antigen source for immunization and the speed of rejection of skin grafts as an assay of the level of immune responsiveness. It was observed that the weaker the first set response to an antigen the higher the minimal immunizing dose and the lower the tolerizing dose; thus, there was a small “immunizing window.” The speed of onset of immune responsiveness and the magnitude of change in it following first antigen contact depended on the “strength” of the antigen. When the antigen was “strong” the level of response increased rapidly following first antigen contact. When the antigen was “weak” a period of tolerance appeared following first antigen contact, which then gave way to a state of immunity; the “weaker” the antigen the longer the interval and the greater the magnitude of tolerance. Increasing the antigen dose tended to magnify and prolong the tolerance. The “weaker” the antigen the longer the interval between first antigen contact and the appearance of immunity. Once established, the level of immunity was not constant. Undulations in the levels of all responses were noted; the “weaker” the antigen the larger the undulations. Possible explanations for the undulations and implications of the time‐dose‐response curv

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The H–2L molecules were detected for the first time in theDdregion products using antisera against the public specificity H‐2.28. This specificity was analyzed because its presence inKas well as inDregion products and its apparent allelism with another public specificity, H‐2.1, indicated that these two specificities may have a special position in the H‐2 system. This was corroborated by subsequent identification of H‐2L molecules inDqandDkproducts using anti‐H‐2.28 and anti‐H‐2.1 sera, respectively, while none of the other previously known public or private specificities was detected on H‐2L molecules. We tested the products of fourDregion alleles which had not been analyzed previously. In each of them we identified two distinct types of molecules: H–2D, which reacts with sera against theDregion private specificity, and H–2L, which does not react with these sera, but which is detectable either by anti‐H‐2.28 sera (H‐2Lb, H‐2Lf, H‐2Ls) or by anti‐H‐2.1 sera (H‐2Ldx). This increases the number of identified H‐2L alleles to seven (five H‐2.8+, two H‐2.1+). No association between H‐2D and H‐2L molecules on the

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 315 normal, unrelated individuals from six of the seven principal religious communities of Lebanon have been typed for 26 alleles of the A and B loci. The gene, haplotype frequencies and Δ values have been calculated.The HLA gene frequencies for loci A and B reported in this study are shown to cross Moslim— Christian lines, but generate a distinguishably different profile for the Armenian immigrant subpopulation.This first‐level homogeneity which is inconsistent with results earlier reported for ABO, rhesus and Gm systems, seems to disappear when linkage disequilibrium deltas are comp

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 42 American Black patients with mitral valve prolapse and 194 healthy individuals of similar ethnic background were tested for the distribution of various HLA antigens and ABO blood groups. The most significant result was an increased frequency of Bw35 in patients (74%) as compared with controls (39%), with aPvalue of<0.0001; the relative risk was 4.45.

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00847.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Plasma membranes were isolated from the leukemia cell line ASL1w and extracted with detergent (DOC). DOC solubilized more TL activity than could be detected on isolated membranes. However, extraction of membranes with LDS or EDTA solubilized only 17% and 4%, respectively, of the activity. This indicated that TL was not loosely associated with the membrane but rather was integrated into the lipid bilayer. At low concentrations of DOC (0.05%), TL was found to be largely aggregated and was also prone to autolysis. Neither aggregation nor autolysis was observed at a higher DOC concentration (0.5%). The apparent molecular weight of TL in 0.5% DOC was determined by Sephadex G‐200 chromatography to be about 65,000–70,000. Digestion of a 0.5% DOC extract of TL with either papain or trypsin produced a fragment of TL of about 35,000 molecular weight. These fragments were similar in size to a fragment produced by autolysis. These data suggested that a region of the TL molecule was very prone to proteolytic attack. The 35,000 molecular weight proteolytic fragments bound specifically to lentil lectin affinity columns, which indicated that they retained at least part of the carbohydrate present on the native molec

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00848.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1979.tb00849.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY