摘要:

The polymorphic variants of the HLA‐linked genetic markers Bf, C2, C4 and GLO—I were studied in three mongoloid populations. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium between these markers and HLA‐A, B, C and DR antigens was carried out on test results from 140 unrelated Chinese individuals. The phenotypes BfS and GLO‐2 were found at significantly higher frequencies than in Caucasians. BfS was associated with B12 in Japanese but not in Chinese. A single individual with the rare Bf variant SI was found. No C2 deficient individuals were observed. The C2C (common) allele occurred at a gene frequency of 0.949 and the more basic allele C2B at 0.039. The acidic variant, C2A, was observed at a frequency of 0.011 and appeared to be associated with BfF. Eighty‐nine per cent of the Chinese were phenotypically C4FS. In contrast to Bf and C2, each of which is coded for by codominant alleles at a single genetic locus, C4 is coded for by two genes, C4F (Rodgers) and C4S (Chido). The C4F locus allele, C4F1 (extra fast), was strongly associated with HLA‐B17, as has been found in other populations, but a new association of the C4S locus deficiency allele, C4s° (Ch‐), with B17 was also observed. All HLA‐B17;C4s° haplotypes were BfS positive. As has been previously found in Caucasian populations, individuals of the C4F phenotype (i.e. genotypically Fs°Fs°) were all found to be Chido negative. The frequencies of the various HLA‐linked genetic markers, however, as much as the frequencies and associations of the HLA antigens themselves, distinguish these populations fro

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01395.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Monocyte‐enriched cell suspensions obtained by a plate adherence method from 57 blood donors were typed by microcytotoxicity for HLA‐A, ‐B and ‐DR determinants. Parallel assays were performed with autologous unfractionated lymphocytes for HLA‐A and ‐B determinants and with autologous B‐lymphocytes for HLA‐DR determinants. Correlation coefficients (r values) were calculated for nine HLA‐A specificities (r>0.79), 16 HLA‐B specificities (r>0.56) and seven HLA‐DR specificities (r>0.81). For certain HLA‐A and ‐B specificities detection was less readily achieved on monocytes than on autologous lymphocytes. Extra reactions were observed in some instances. With sera defining HLA—DR specificities, monocytes and B‐cells showed reactivity of almost ident

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The influence of HLA‐A, B‐matching on the results of 362 cadaver renal transplantations was analyzed. Of these, 34 of the patients had diabetes and 105 were 55 years old or more. The case material was divided into groups, based on the number of HLA‐A, B incompatibilities. The occurence of factors having a possible bearing on kidney graft survival was determined in each match group. It was found that several of these factors, such as the immunosuppressive agents given and the number of high‐risk patients, were unequally distributed in the various groups. This may be related to changes in policy that have occured since the transplant unit was moved to Huddinge Hospital in November 1973. In order to obtain homogeneous case material, the Huddinge series was analyzed separately.A significant difference in survival was found in both materials between transplants with 2 or less incompatibilities and those with more than 2 incompatibilities. A significant difference in patient survival between these two groups was found in the total case m

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The influence of HLA‐DR match grade on graft and on patient survival was analyzed in 124 recipients of cadaver kidneys who were treated in Stockholm between January 1977 and September 1980. The material consisted of 72 males and 52 females, with a mean age of 49 years. There were 34 re‐transplantations. Eighteen of the recipients had diabetes. Sera against the HLA‐DR antigens 1–4, 7 and DRw8 were available throughout. During recent years, DR5 sera were also used. The case material was analyzed as to the number of DR antigens shared or to the number of DR incompatibilities between the donor and the recipient. A significant improvement in graft survival rate was found for transplants sharing one HLA—DR antigen as compared with those sharing none. As far as incompatibilities are concerned, a significant difference was found between transplants with no incompatibilities and those with two. The HLA—A, B incompatibilities were evenly distributed throughout the various groups and thus should not have introduced a bias in the interpretation of the influence of HLA‐DR match. We conclude that HLA‐DR matching has a very beneficial effect on the graft survival rate and we shall in future try to obtain the best possible match when selecting recipients for cadaver kidney

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Canine cultured kidney epithelial cells were stimulatory to allogeneic lymphocytes in mixed kidney cell ‐ lymphocyte cultures (MKLC). Generation of cytotoxic cells, cytotoxic for both kidney cells and PHA stimulated lymphoblasts of the stimulator have been observed. Lymphocyte stimulation and generation of CTL occurred in the MKLC at lower stimulator: responder cell ratios as in the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

HLA phenotypes of 54 patients with tuberculoid leprosy were compared with those of 167 healthy controls. Frequencies of HLA‐A, ‐B and ‐C antigens did not differ significantly between the leprosy patients and the controls. However, an increase in the frequencies of DR1, DR2, DRW8 and MT1 antigens and a decrease in the frequencies of DR4 and MT3 antigens were observed in the leprosy patients. Statistical evidence was presented that MT1 antigens were primarily associated with tuberculoid leprosy in Japanese patients rather tha

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

HLA‐A and B locus antigens were determined in 96 affectively ill persons including 25 unipolar and 47 bipolar patients. The frequency of HLA‐A2S is higher than in controls in each patient group. HLA‐Bw16 is present with an elevated frequency among the unipolar patients. These differences are no longer significant when corrected for the number of antigens tested.The literature on HLA antigens in affective illnesses is reviewed and possible reasons for the seemingly conflicting results found to date are briefly disc

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01401.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A monoclonal antibody, FMC 5, has been prepared against human lymphocytes and its reactivity examined. FMC 5 behaves, for the most part, as an anti‐HLA‐A2 typing serum. However, three small groups of discrepant types were identified, and each provides additional insight into the complexity of the MHC antigens. A small number (5/60) of donors typed as HLA—A2 did not react with FMC 5. A further group (6/35) were HLA‐A2 and did react with FMC 5, but lysis was always incomplete in this group. Finally, 13/39 non‐A2 donors gave various degrees of reactivity with FMC 5. Lysis in this group was usually incomplete and required a high antibody conc

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01402.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The variable expression of the C locus specificities at the cell surface is a major problem in HLA typing and the phenomenon was clearly documented by the International Cell Exchange Program. In contrast with HLA‐A and ‐B, the C locus specificities are readily lost from cells following storage at room temperature for a few days or in overnight incubation at 37°C in the presence of protein synthesis inhibitors.These specificities can be made to reappear by making the cells metabolize at 37°C for 8 to 20 h in a nutrient medium. Sixty‐nine per cent of the positive C locus reactions lost after 7‐day storage at room temperature were recovered after overnight incubation at 37°C. The reappearance was dependent on protein synthesis since presence of cyclohexamide during incubation completely blocked the recovery. A simple overnight incubation is very useful in enhancing C locus expression on o

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The strength of the population association between an antigen and a disease can be estimated not only by the relative risk value, but also by what variously has been called the population attributable risk and the etiologic fraction. This alternative measure has certain advantages if the association is due to linkage disequilibrium between the antigen allele and a “disease” allele at a closely linked “disease susceptibility” locus. In particular, it can then be used to determine which of many antigens associated with the same disease has the strongest association from a genetical point

ISSN:0001-2815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb01404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY