摘要:

AbstractIn controlling stock it is necessary to make some estimate of future demand for each stock item. Exponential smoothing is a convenient and automatic means of making such an estimate and the optimal choice of the smoothing constant alpha will depend upon the order of smoothing employed, the relative magnitudes of the random and systematic variations in demand which may occur, the replenishment lead time and also the manner in which the rule used for generating replenishment orders is formulated. The dependence both of optimal alpha and of the necessary safety stock upon these factors has been investigated by means of a model which is believed to be of wide application in industry, and a method has been developed for setting up decision rules for both single and multi-stage systems.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.47

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIn this part of the paper, an elementary method (Erlang's) of setting up equations which describe queueing situations is discussed. Methods of solving these equations are given by reference to a simple example, and then to a more complex one.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.48

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractSuppose that there is a single-stage process, possibly with several machines in parallel. Each machine can produce a variety of products and a change of product can, at a cost, be made without restriction. It is assumed that, because of random variations in sales rates, a cyclic scheme of production is not practicable. A modification of the classical square-root formula for lot-size is found that allows for the“interference”between different products. Numerical examples are given in section 8 and the general conditions under which the scheduling scheme of this paper is likely to be efficient are discussed in section 9.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.49

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe case study presented in this paper is an example in which the very different contingencies associated, on the one hand, with steel-making and, on the other hand, with cold rolling are considered together in seeking a maximum of profitability. In the works under investigation the steel-making area was a general bottleneck, while the cold mill was a bottleneck specific to the most profitable products, and the solution obtained actually involved a narrowing of the general bottleneck. The methods of calculation used in this study are not original. It is their synthesis leading to the technically important decision to create a new ingot size which deserves attention.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.50

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe problem of siting one or more factories so as to minimize transport costs is considered in the context of other factors of interest to management. The method of solution is described. This involved the solution of simple transportation problems, the determination of rules by which costs could be computed, the construction of an analogue machine to assist with the problem of site selection and the writing of a programme for a digital computer to cope with the heavy load of calculation. The way in which the work of the operational research team was organized to meet a deadline is described and a number of technical difficulties are discussed. The solution consisted of the presentation of minimum transport costs for each of a large number of possible combinations of factories so that management could assess the relative importance of transport costs together with other factors when deciding where to build factories for the manufacture of a new product.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.51

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.52

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.53

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.54

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.55

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1962.56

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1962

数据来源: Taylor