摘要:

AbstractValidation as a concept is not well defined in the methodology of model building, although it is generally considered to be an important part of the modelling process. This paper considers the amount and type of validation carried out in a series of projects, and establishes contrasts between the expected and observed modes of validation.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.51

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe first stage in a multi-attribute value analysis is the development of a hierarchical structure of the attributes of the problem. This paper reports the process of developing such a structure for the problem of choosing a suitable mode of transport for radioactive waste. The initial hierarchy of attributes went through several stages of development as new insights emerged about the nature of the problem. Some of the reasons behind this restructuring are discussed, and several important questions about the structuring process are formulated.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.52

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA project to reduce the despatch costs of a manufacturer is described. This involved the construction of a model that would enable the lowest-cost haulier to be selected and answer the question of which of that haulier's depots should be used to handle the despatches. The existing information system did not generate the necessary data for the regular use of a model based on actual despatches. Furthermore, the pattern of demand was fairly volatile, so that the least-cost haulier might have been expected to change quite often. Therefore, the use of the analytic hierarchy process to derive the necessary data was explored. Attempts were made to compare the results of a complete census of traffic carried out in the initial stage of the project with the data obtained from the analytic hierarchy process.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.53

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA model is developed for the reliability of a single component, subject to one type of inspectable defect, which will subsequently lead to a failure. Inspections are assumed perfect. The model utilizes the notion of delay time to establish the reliability consequences of inspecting on different inspection periods. The argument is readily extended to the case of a component with multiple and independent defects. Numerical examples are provided.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.54

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractGoal Programming within a pre-emptive priority structure has been one of the most widely used multi-objective mathematical model formulations. By considering its dual problem, Ignizio has shown that a very efficient computational procedure for solving linear goal-programming problems can be problems can be implemented with any conventional large-scale simplex system. This note gives an overview of Ignizio's dual formulation, and identifies when a certain dual variable must be incorporated in the model to preserve the pre-emptive priority structure.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.55

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe current trend in pallet-loading software is for fast, interactive microcomputer packages. Because of the complexity of the problem, it is unlikely that any exact algorithm will guarantee to solve all typical pallet-loading problems within the sort of time range desirable for interactive use. Therefore, the packages tend to be based on heuristic solution methods. This paper describes a way of dealing with those problems which fail to solve within the given time limit. The discussion is in terms of a recent exact algorithm for the pallet-loading problem, but the methodology can be applied in conjunction with any algorithm for which the proportion of problems exceeding the time limit is small. The result is a piece of software which guarantees to solve any typical pallet-loading problem within a few minutes on an IBM-PC.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.56

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractRule induction is a method of automatically developing rules from sets of examples. Quinlan's ID3 algorithm, which was developed for determinate data, has been extended to deal with statistical data. This paper reports on an experimental comparison with multiple regression.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.57

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA linear-programming model to find the optimal‘CON due-date’is considered fornindependent jobs to be processed on a single machine. The term‘CON due-date’stands for constant-allowance due-date, where each job receives exactly the same due-date. The measure of performance considered is a more generalized version of similar problems studied earlier. Duality theory is used to obtain an optimal solution. Some earlier studies are shown to be special cases of the model studied in this paper. Numerical examples are presented for better understanding.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.58

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA multi-attribute assignment goal-programming model is developed in this paper for the selection and assignment of transfer personnel. Attributes and incentives are used to select the correct type of people from surplus personnel and assign them to vacant positions. The model is illustrated in a simple, exemplary case problem, and the results are interpreted. The model is solved by using a sequential linear goal-programming algorithm and a mixed-integer programming subroutine.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.59

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA new approach to the maintainability of a grade structure in a deterministic environment, using promotion control, is sought. Our main objective is to show how this manpower planning issue can be viewed in the context of transportation problems. By the same token, a condition for the maintainability of a structure will be proved to be sufficient.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1987.60

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor