摘要:

AbstractThis paper discusses the relationship between the type of operational research current in economically developed countries and that applicable to countries in the developing world and concludes that the direct transfer of O.R. from the former to the latter is not as beneficial as is normally assumed.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.120

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractBased on several years of study, the author describes an activity-sampling system of self-recording and analysis of the use of time by ministers and church/charity workers. The average results from some 200 clergy are discussed, together with an assessment of what the results mean when compared with the standards by which ministers lead their daily lives. Action resulting from the analysis is described, in theory and in practice, both for individuals and for groups working together. The whole process is cyclic in the need to review periodically the results against changing standards and changing circumstances.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.121

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the problems faced by a region of British Gas in forecasting daily gas demand and gas storage requirements. The discrete simulation approach is used to model the gas supply system. The paper discusses how the relationships and interactions between the various parts of the system may be determined by using the simulation program which has been developed and implemented.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.122

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA simple but robust and widely applicable approach to determining the price discount to use during periodic sales promotions is described. The approach provides an illustration of O.R. methodology, and it is discussed in the context of a problem formulation exercise used for O.R. courses. This discussion clarifies alternatives and provides cautionary notes for those wishing to implement the approach.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.123

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe report an effective model and solution procedure for a major resource management problem of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (B.L.M.), enabling large practical applications to be solved 20-300 times faster than previously possible. The resulting system has proved a useful analysis tool, providing model interaction capabilities that are employed routinely by the B.L.M. an average of 700 times a month throughout the U.S.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.124

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between O.R. and computer programming is considered. The programming languages involved, and their respective roles, are reviewed. Criteria for assessing a programming language for O.R. are discussed, particularly in view of the increasing use of microcomputers within O.R.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.125

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractAn estimator to replace exponentially weighted moving averages is described and examples of its use are given. It has similar limiting properties but includes the on-line estimation of the forecast error variance as an integral part. The procedures for starting off and intervention are given.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.126

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractConsider a communication network with certain nodes and different types of links. In addition to the normal link cost, a transformation cost is charged if the incoming link and the outgoing link are of different types. An optimal routeing from a given node to its destination node is sought. The major difficulty in handling this problem is that the principle of optimality does not hold. A model with node separation is built to overcome this difficulty. By using the new model, the original routeing problem is no more than a shortest-path problem. Hence, we can implement this model to current electronic switching machines.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.127

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a class of models which are designed for forecasting the net sales of a product when the stock of that product is believed to be subject to a saturation level. The forecast function for the stock takes the form of a general modified exponential, a family which includes the logistic as a special case. However, framing the model in terms of the net increase in the product enables a link to be made between the traditional approach to forecasting based on non-linear trend curves and the approach based on ARIMA models.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.128

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe operational reserve capacity margin in electricity is usually determined on the basis of engineering considerations and past experience. The economic theory for optimal pricing offers certain rules for deciding about capacity margins, but the underlying assumptions are strong and restrictive. This paper attempts to determine the optimal reserve capacity margin according to the relative costs, to the firm and to society, of supply shortages. It takes into account the difference between capacity and energy costs and quantifies their impact on the capacity margin.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.129

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor