摘要:

AbstractThe growing interest in understanding the practice of OR has, not unnaturally, tended to concentrate upon experience with those‘soft’methodologies which address both process and content management issues. This paper uses a detailed account of one practitioner's work in a‘traditional’area of OR (linear programming) to demonstrate how process-related issues are handled there, and argues that more extensive reporting of such conventional practice is essential for the health of the discipline. In particular, it suggests that an emphasis on discussing the development of working relationships between OR practitioners and their clients might usefully supplant the contemporary emphasis on the‘project’.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.75

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the use of linear programming to minimize a company's capital gains tax liability.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.76

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports a case-study investigation into the economic desirability of generating hydroelectric power from the River Stour for Canford School, Dorset, as part of a larger feasibility study, which won a 1985 Molins Design Prize. A parametric discounting approach to net present-value assessment was used to examine the economic benefits of installing a small run-of-river hydropower scheme. Sensitivity analysis was used to clarify the effects of uncertainties in the limited cost and rate data available at the feasibility stage of the project. The role of the economic analysis in relation to other aspects of the feasibility study is indicated.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.77

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe psychological literature is replete with studies applying statistical models to diverse human judgement problems with remarkable success. Yet the technique has been comparatively neglected in the operational research field. The strength of these judgement models is particularly evident where the coefficients of decision parameters cannot be estimated easily, accurately or cheaply. And under such conditions they become a useful alternative to traditional optimization. To draw attention to this fertile area and to demonstrate its versatility, we choose a provocative topic—spousal selection. A set of hypothetical spouses is developed on the basis of randomly assigned values to salient attributes. Then subjects are asked to provide an overall rating for each case in the set. From the data, statistical models are derived that use the attributes to predict the overall ratings. The results obtained confirm the ability of judgement models to replicate human judgement.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.78

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes some of the complexities of designing high-pressure gas-transmission systems. The contribution of OR to efficient gas-transmission-system design is discussed. A new network design program is described to illustrate the benefits of models to system design and plant selection.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.79

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe solution of the classical transportation problem (as generally presented) can be mastered very quickly. The fixed-charge problem is another matter. The reason is that the introduction of fixed costs in addition to variable costs results in the objective function being a step function. Fixed-charge problems are usually solved, therefore, by using sophisticated computer software. This paper deviates from that approach. It presents a low-tech. algorithm for the solution of small, fixed-charge problems.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.80

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractJohnson and Tenenbein describe a procedure for generating random values from a bivariate distribution with specified marginal forms and any required correlation between the two variables. This note shows that the approach can be extended to produce values from general multivariate distributions in a straightforward manner.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.81

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractConsider a graphGin which every arc (i, j) has two numbers,ρijandcij, associated with it representing the reliability and capacity of the arc respectively. It is shown that the expected flow is equal to the sum of the expected capacities of the paths from source to sink. An algorithm is described to find the maximum expected flow in the network.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.82

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractMultiple-model OR packages (MMORPs) are software packages which incorporate algorithms for the solution of a wide range of OR models. In this paper we consider 15 such packages which are currently available for the IBM-PC. A detailed review of these packages with respect to six common OR models [linear programming, integer programming, assignment, transportation, network analysis (PERT/CPM) and Markov processes] is presented. Criteria for choosing a MMORP are highlighted and a subjective judgement made as to whether each package is worth considering for purchase or not.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.83

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1988.84

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor