摘要:

AbstractIn anticipation of the main theme of the IFORS '84 Conference "Co-operation—The Culture for O.R. Success", the traditional concept of interdisciplinarity in operational research is discussed. Particular emphasis is put on two conditions for practising interdisciplinarity: (i) mutual appreciation between the disciplines and (ii) the systems terminology as a means for interdisciplinary communication.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.15

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper considers an airline crew allocation and scheduling problem faced by certain divisions of the United States Air Force. Two variants of the problem under consideration were posed to us by the U.S. Air Force. This paper reports our experience with two heuristic methods developed, each applicable to either variant of the problem. Although the problem described herein is peculiar to this situation, the heuristic scheduling and dispatching rules developed have been found to be very effective and are generally applicable in other related contexts of routeing and crew and vehicle scheduling problems as well. The two algorithms developed have been applied to a coded set of real world data. The results indicate that each one of the two methods is preferable to the other for one of the two variants of the problem. This suggests an overall effective composite technique.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.16

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper deals with production systems with three stages in series and producing multiple products. A method of determining a near optimal production plan taking into consideration the demands, the production rates, the set-up costs and all the relevant inventory carrying costs is discussed. This heuristic approach gives the method of determining the production batch quantities and the sequence in which the different products are to be taken up in a production cycle. A numerical example is also included. The results obtained for 21 test problems by the use of the heuristic are compared with the exact optimum values, and the power of the heuristic is demonstrated.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.17

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe cost allocation process in hospitals typically entails an accounting step-down procedure whereby costs are allocated from non-revenue producing service centres to revenue centres. The resulting revenue centre costs are then compared with the third party (Blue Cross, Medicare, Medicaid) allowable costs. Any costs in excess of the allowable costs are not reimbursable.This procedure has been conceptualized using a Markov chain in a recent journal article. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the Markov model may be used to assess the impact of various changes in the original data without having to recalculate the entire step-down process via a Markov model or any other procedure. The changes include an alternate step-down model, a different cost allocation basis for one or more service centres, and the expansion or contraction of one or more service centres.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.18

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe obtain an expression for the probability density function of demand during lead time when the distributions of demand and lead time are, respectively, normal and Erlang. This probability density function is then used to derive expressions for the protection level and potential lost sales. This paper may be considered an extension and also a clarification of a paper by Burgin that appeared in 1972.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.19

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractDifferentiation of the expression for cost per unit time in a (T, Z) inventory control model with Normal demand leads to an equation which may be solved iteratively for the optimal value ofT. Examples show that the deterministic (square root) solution is in most cases adequate.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.20

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe economic order quantity concept has received much attention. However, the model is severely restricted by the assumption of constant demand. This paper presents a procedure for adjusting the economic order quantity model for the cases of increasing or decreasing linear trend demand patterns. The primary advantage of the proposed method is its simplicity in comparison with existing procedures and, as illustrated in two examples, its near-optimal performance

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.21

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractSeveral published results for vehicle scheduling algorithms are based on rounded inter-customer distances. This gives overall distances which vary somewhat from actual distances (presented here), and there appears to be a downward bias. Care should be taken in comparing results based on rounded inter-customer distances with those based on real distances.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.22

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.23

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1984.24

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor