ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.61

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper discusses the methodology developed for the Industrial Development Bank of Turkey for the purpose of measuring the competitiveness of local manufacturing firms in foreign markets. First, an industrial competitiveness model which incorporates both the firm's and foreign competititors' input costs, technological characteristics and political-economic environments is summarized. Then an application of this model to 30 selected local firms in textiles, stone and soil, and food industries is described. The results indicate that some of the selected firms are quite competitive in European, North African and Middle Eastern countries, and can export to these markets without much difficulty. Moreover, the methodology employed in this study promises to be useful in identifying the weaknesses and strengths of industries, albeit in general terms, to formulate government policies.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.62

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper shows the use of a multicriteria decision aid (outranking methodology) in resolving the problem of choice among industrial options against the pollution caused by vinyl chloride releases into the atmosphere. This carcinogenic substance is a basic product in the manufacture of plastics. The paper presents first a historical analysis of the choices made by industry since 1974 and the various studies that helped to rationalize these choices. It then suggests a modelling of the decision-making problem coherent with its actual complexity. Finally, it develops an operational method which will measure the impact of the implementation of pollution control options, and proposes solutions for different types of installation given the preferences of industry and those of public authorities.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.63

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of organization size on staff tenure has only recently been resolved. This paper reviews previous attempts to solve this fundamental problem and highlights the methodological reasons for their failure.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.64

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper, the optimum assignment of crews among the bases in an airlift operation is considered. An airlift operation consists of transporting large quantities of equipment and personnel among various bases. The crews operating the aircraft rest for a constant period of time after arriving at the bases, before flying again. In order to minimize the waiting times of the aircraft at the bases for want of rested crews, the available crews are distributed initially among the bases.Using earlier results of the mean waiting time of an aircraft at a single base and the probability distribution of the inter-departure times of the aircraft from the base, the problem of optimum allocation of crews is formulated as a non-linear integer programming problem. A heuristic algorithm is developed using the Lagrange multiplier. Its solution is compared with the exact solution for a number of test cases, and the algorithm is found to perform well.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.65

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractTransportation problems with inadmissible routes (routes that cannot be used) need not have a feasible solution, even if the total supply exceeds the total demand. A method for adjusting the demands equitably to obtain a feasible solution is presented. The algorithm used generates a feasible minimum cost solution in roughly twice the amount of time that it would take to solve a transportation problem of the same size. It is shown how the solution time is reduced by aggregating the adjustment of demands and decomposing the cost minimization.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.66

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a mathematical model of a ship being overtaken by another vessel on a parallel track. Graphs are presented which give the minimum safe overtaking distance for any given situation. The length of time for which a ship is exposed to danger and the probability of collision during an overtaking encounter are examined. Results show that at sea in fog, ships often overtake dangerously close.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.67

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe consider the system efficiency measure as the average asymptotic gain earned by the system for one time unit. Such defined efficiency is a continuous function of the load that the system is to support. Each increment of the load causes an increment of the gain. On the other hand, it also causes a loss of system reliability, giving in this way a loss. This loss follows from the fact that a less reliable system is in the off state more frequently than in the lower-load case. The goal is to find the load that maximizes the efficiency.The lifetime distribution of the system is defined as exponential. As models of the relationship between the load and the gain as well as the relationship between the load and the failure rate, power and exponential functions have been taken. The analytical conditions for the existence of maximum positive gain and the analysis of the behaviour of the gain as the load increases are presented.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.68

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA dynamic programming approach is proposed to select optimally among a given set of products and allocate integer shelf-space units to the selected products in supermarkets. The approach is designed to consider general objective-function specifications that account for space elasticity, costs of sales, and potential demand-related marketing variables. The optimization is subject to constraints due to product supply availability, 'block' product allocation and operational requirements. A primary focus is on the development of a tractable model approach that can effectively be implemented on a microcomputer. A discussion of applications and computational experience on a microcomputer is provided to support the practical applicability of the optimization approach.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.69

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe look at a statistical aspect of a recent case study. Although our discussion does not invalidate the general conclusions obtained there, it does suggest that the time series modelling may have been sub-optimal, and indicates how an alternative model specification could more probably have generated the sample statistics that were actually observed. The implication of our remarks is that discrimination between deterministic and stochastic non-stationarity, even if overlooked on preliminary inspection of the original data, will also be apparent from the raw sample autocorrelation plots.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1986.70

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor