摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a case study of OR in a tannery. A model has been developed for the hide-leather sequence of processes with a view to increasing the profitability overall. It is based on a small linear programme and has been implemented on a routine basis. A general description of this model is given, followed by a discussion on the history of the project and the problems of implementation.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.100

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractProduction planning and scheduling in a batch production environment presents management with many problems, ranging from long-term capital investment in machine tools to short-term batch sequencing. This paper, which is aimed at the production manager, introduces the general concept of model building and then discusses the more specific technique of computer simulation modelling. A simple example of the latter is used to illustrate the basic properties of such a model and then the actual model currently being used is described. The possible applications of such models are discussed and developed. Finally, a case study is presented which shows how the model has been employed in an actual production environment.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.101

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIt is argued that the typical method of selecting sales regions and territories can produce unequal allocations of work load. This paper presents a set of procedures for evaluating a sales region configuration and then successively adjusting the boundaries until work load is uniformly allocated. The logic and computation are both straightforward. The great advantage is that the procedure allows the manager to suggest which boundary adjustments he wishes to make next. In this way he has complete control of the process. A discussion of a particular application is presented.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.102

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe use of OR was studied in 12 companies. Material was obtained through interviews with operational researchers and users. The result shows that coordination and production problems are the most common application areas. Network planning and simulation have often been used. Most projects cost less than $$\$$$6000 and require a work input of less than 4 man-months. The operational researchers are mostly located in staff positions and independent of any specific line function. The opposite is true for the users. If the company is divided into five levels, most operational researchers and users are located at the third level. A university degree in engineering is characteristic both for operational researchers and users with the operational researcher younger than the user.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.103

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractForecasts are an expensive luxury if they are not converted into action and control. The problems encountered are discussed by means of a case study in a small to medium-sized company.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.104

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA subsidiary of Air Canada will be operating an experimental STOL (Short Take-Off and Landing) service between Montreal and Ottawa from downtown airports. A model was developed to forecast traffic and evaluate marketing strategies for the proposed service. Traditional forecasting methods relying on historical data are of little use as STOL will offer a level of service outside the range of existing experience. The model therefore uses attitudinal data on such things as comfort in conjunction with data on more concrete variables such as price. The data came from a market research survey.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.105

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents models for different types of manpower pooling policies. A multi-grade manpower system with mutually exclusive skills is considered. The work load imposed is a random variable characterized by the known joint distribution of the number of jobs to be performed and of the time to do a job. The basic models are developed as a tool for manpower planning in the jobbing workshops of an oil company. The resulting "two-stage programmes under uncertainty" are shown to reduce to mixed-integer linear programmes. The models are then generalized to permit their use in a larger class of manpower planning problems.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.106

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a computer-based experiment in the scheduling of multiactivity projects with limited resources. The main interest lay in a comparison of the traditional sorting criteria used to allot priority to activities competing for resources inadequate to satisfy all the demands and criteria newly defined for this work. One aim was to isolate, if possible, a criterion equally as good as the Critical Path parameters usually employed and yet easier to compute in practice. A similar experiment was carried out by Pascoe but none of the criteria used satisfied the second condition. It was also possible to monitor the effects on the scheduling of network parameters such as shape and connectivity.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.107

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper develops a near optimal policy for opening a second counter in a quick-service restaurant whennpersons are in the first line, given that the arrival process is cyclic rather than purely stationary. A simulation was written in GPSS which permitted the use of different arrival generators during different time segments of the simulated day. Results indicate that asnis varied, waiting time and utilization levels exhibit an S-shaped curve between the pure 1 facility and the 2 facility cases. Results also indicate that a cyclic arrival process greatly increases (relative to the case of exponential arrivals) mean waiting time, facility utilization, and the range ofn. Finding the optimal (least cost) value ofnis illustrated for cases in which costs of customer waiting time can be meaningfully imputed.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.108

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper studies a cyclic queueing problem arising in civil engineering earthmoving projects. There aremexcavators andntrucks which queue to be loaded by the excavators. The problem is therefore equivalent to a machine interference problem withmoperators andnmachines. The size of the haul fleet must be optimized, so as to minimize the cost per unit volume of earth moved. Graphs which show regions of optimalnin the parameter space are presented for the steady-stateD/D/1,M/D/1 andEk/M/1 models. The effect of operating theM/M/msystem in short work shifts, so that the initial conditions and transient behaviour are important, is then analysed and quantified as a correction to the optimal number of trucks in the haul fleet from the steady-state solution.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1973.109

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1973

数据来源: Taylor