ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.110

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA set of guidelines for the development of a valid method of determining appropriate safety levels in relation to technologies is set out and some of the various paradoxes that may result from the use of ungrounded assumptions are explained.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.111

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe problem of Optimum Pallet Layout at Rowntree Mackintosh Ltd is discussed. Production constraints reduce this three-dimensional box packing problem into the two-dimensional problem of packing large numbers of identical rectangles orthogonally into fixed-size containing rectangles. The exact solution procedure was found to require prohibitive amounts of computer time. A non-exact procedure is therefore described, its validity demonstrated, and the results obtained exhibited graphically in the form of a Pallet Layout Chart. This work has been implemented at Rowntree Mackintosh Ltd where improved pallet layouts and better design of new box shapes have resulted in cash savings.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.112

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe selection of capital projects in a production environment is complicated by the existence of multiple and conflicting goals. Typical production objectives for cost minimization often conflict with goals for quality, environmental standards, labor relations, etc. This problem of project selection is further complicated by the uncertainty inherent in product demand, the key factor in production management. This paper approaches these complications by employing an integer goal programming (to compensate for multiple conflicting objectives) with chance-constrained capabilities (to reflect uncertainty in product demand). The approach is demonstrated via an in-depth case example of a production problem.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.113

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA technique for finding MINSUM and MINMAX solutions to multi-criteria decision problems, called Multi Objective Dynamic Programming, capable of handling a wide range of linear, nonlinear, deterministic and stochastic multi-criteria decision problems, is presented and illustrated. Multiple objectives are considered by defining an adjoint state space and solving a (N+ 1) terminal optimisation problem. The method efficiently generates both individual (criterion) optima and multiple criteria solutions in a single pass. Sensitivity analysis on weights over the various objectives is easily performed.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.114

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe simple resource allocation problem (also called the distribution of effort problem) is generalized by allowing more than one resource constraint. It is shown that the generalized problem can be reduced to the simple one if the coefficients in the objective function are all unity. In general, however, the problem seems to become much more difficult; the difficulty is evidenced by the failure of the incremental method which is valid for the simple problem, and the NP-hardness of the generalized problem.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.115

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA study of mathematical programming approaches to time-tabling has resulted in the development of an algorithm based on Lagrangean relaxation embedded in a branch and bound procedure. The algorithm is still under development for larger scale problems, but this paper reports on its application to a more modest-sized problem based on published real data.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.116

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.117

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractInventory policies are considered for the situation of a deterministic linear trend in demand followed by a period of constant demand: an idealised form of a common situation in spares provisioning. An analytic optimal solution is derived and its practical shortcomings discussed. The performance of practical inventory policies for this situation are compared and a policy based on the well known economic batch quantity, suitably modified for linear trend, is shown to give small cost penalties when compared to the analytic solution. The good performance of the policy based on the economic batch quantity is maintained, even when used on examples which simulate situations where the parameters of demand are not known exactly. Indeed the method is then superior to all others tried, including the "optimal" analytic method.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.118

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractTwo solution methods are offered for the no-shortage stock control problem under linearly increasing demand. The heuristic of the first "myopic" method is also exploited in the second method, which is based on a dynamic programming formulation. The DP formulation is not only trivial to solve computationally, but also offers ready-made sensitivity analyses. Unlike the other method, it also readily extends to more complicated models.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1980.119

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor