摘要:

AbstractThe current corporate planning process in Westrail is described and the roles played by operational research and mathematical modelling identified. They do not include forecasting the future. Instead of the "predict and prepare paradigm" a planning approach that tries to design the future has been adopted. The organisation is described in terms of how it has evolved, what it now is, and the key features of its environment. The three stages of planning are described-strategic, tactical and operational. These provide the means for management control of the railway. Environmental assessments linked to goal setting activities are incorporated within the planning process. The significance of operational research in planning, in particular mathematical modelling, is also described. Instead of finding problems to which existing techniques can be applied, O.R. is used to provide effective operational and planning systems as a means of assisting management to design the future for the organisation.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.206

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractHome defence is concerned with enhancing the prospects for survival and recovery of this country in the eventuality of nuclear war. Contingency plans exist for the creation of a system of wartime regional government which includes elements from peacetime local and central governments. Senior officers in local government with designated wartime roles receive training at the Home Defence College. The Home Office decided that a crisis management game should form part of their overall programme of indoctrination. The resulting game, which is known as HOT SEAT, has been successfully implemented and is now in regular use at the College. This paper describes how the need for the game arose, the structure of the resulting game, the problems that arose during its development, and should be of interest to those concerned with the development of management and crisis games.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.207

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractAn improved simulation model for predicting future resource use in a Region with haemodialysis facilities and a vigorous transplant programme for patients with chronic renal failure has been developed. This new model differs from its predecessors in incorporating a procedure to match patients with kidneys, an important component of the actual system. It was used in a Region with a large number of dialysis patients and predicted that this number would gradually fall and, in due course, the number of patients on the transplant waiting list would stabilise. The number of permanent dialysis patients and patients with functioning transplanted kidneys would continually increase in number. It is also shown how the model could be used to predict the Regional costs of a dialysis/transplant programme.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.208

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractOne of the most difficult tasks of state highway patrol administrators is allocation of manpower; i.e. determining the most effective level of operational manpower for patrol tasks. Typically, administrators resolve the allocation problem by relying on prior statistical data and by employing subjective analysis. In general, only limited systematic analyses have been applied to the problem. This paper presents an integer goal programming model for allocating highway patrolmen to road segments within a patrol region. The model is demonstrated via a case example of the Nebraska State Patrol. The results of the model are valuable to the patrol administrator for considering departmental goals and priority structure, in addition to available historical data, in the assignment of state patrol manpower.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.209

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA study of the economic distribution of maize throughout South Africa is reported. Although the problem of minimizing total transportation costs in such a situation is a classical one, and its solution is well known, there was in this case a high degree of degeneracy in the system and thus the solution was not unique. Also, since a user is required to pay his own transportation costs, the various optimal solutions were not equivalent. A secondary problem thus arose, viz. that of selecting from these optimal solutions the one which would be fairest to all users. A heuristic and a goal programming method for solving this secondary problem are discussed.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.210

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper discusses a generalized model of an outpatient clinic which duplicates many real-life complexities, e.g. different facilities, the patient routes through the clinic, number of observers in each facility, etc. The validation tests proved that the output generates distributions which are not statistically different from the observed distributions for The Pennsylvania State Outpatient Clinic. The model is relatively fast and efficient, and one typical day can be simulated in less than one second of the computer processing time on IBM System 370/168. With slight modifications, it is capable of being transferred to many different types of health care delivery systems, e.g. hospitals, health maintenance organizations and to prehospital emergency care systems.The paper describes some basic measures of effectiveness for outpatient clinics, and using these measures evaluates various operating procedures and policies.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.211

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper discusses the well-known problems ofmcandidates andnpositions usually called term assignment problems. The paper considers these problems when decisions for short and long term policies must be taken and also in extreme situations, such as emergency cases. Assignment and Knapsack problems, Heirarchy Analysis, Graphs Theory and Metric Spaces using Dynamic Programming are used on a computer.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.212

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractOptimal and Heuristic bounds are given for the optimal location to the Weber problem when the locations of demand points are not deterministic but may be within given circles. Rectilinear, Euclidean and square Euclidean types of distance measure are discussed. The exact shape of all possible optimal points is given in the rectilinear and square Euclidean cases. A heuristic method for the computation of the region of possible optimal points is developed in the case of Euclidean distance problem. The maximal distance between a possible optimal point and the deterministic solution is also computed heuristically.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.213

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractRelatively minor changes in the assumptions associated with the classical deterministic models for inventory control can give rise to models which are difficult or impossible to analyse by analytical means.A low-cost computational procedure is outlined and applied to two such models associated with the no-shortage policy. The situations examined involve trends in demand and linear inflation in costs.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.214

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1979.215

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor