摘要:

AbstractDespite their commercial feasibility, many international projects have failed primarily because of poor financial planning. When formulating a project-financing strategy, financial managers of multinational corporations must consider a variety of conflicting objectives. The existence of conflicting goals makes the design of international project-financing strategies very difficult. A goal programming model is presented as an aid to financial managers for analysing trade-offs among conflicting financing goals and identifying the best multi-source financing package for major international projects.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.89

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA screening programme is being introduced throughout the UK to reduce deaths from cancer of the cervix by early detection of precancerous lesions. A stochastic mathematical model has been developed in order to estimate the resource implications of this programme for hospital services in NW region. The model was developed over a period of 1 year, undergoing many changes in the process. The model has suggested operational policies for smear management and demonstrated the importance of wide coverage of the population.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.90

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a knowledge-based design aid for creating low-cost superheaters in fossil-fuel boilers. Design problems in general are notably ill-structured. The superheater design problem, in particular, is made difficult by the presence of special pricing functions and discounts to the boiler-maker. The approach used in the design aid combines a frame-based representation structure for the knowledge used to create superheaters with a pseudo-random search technique for improving the cost of the design. The emphasis in this paper is on the use of the search technique. An application is presented which is typical of the results observed during testing of the design aid. The average savings in material costs by using this aid are 10% of total material costs per superheater.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.91

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe paper reports on the development of a systems model of the sub-sea inspection of an offshore structure in the North Sea. Diving practices, weather conditions, topside management procedures and inspection techniques are incorporated into the model, along with support-vessel capabilities. The model provides a research tool capable of indicating and quantifying ways of increasing the efficiency of inspection diving. Characteristic distributions of many of the variables involved are presented, along with an indication of the consequences of changes in decision and operational parameters. The study indicates that a significant increase in sub-sea inspection efficiency will come from synchronization of topside and sub-sea activities.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.92

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA method is described for simulating daily financial prices using appropriate statistical models. Simulated open, high, low and close prices can be obtained. These simulated prices are required for a rigorous evaluation of trading systems. Appropriate software based on the models has been used by a futures trader to improve his trading decisions.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.93

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractWe first demonstrate that mixed strategies are relevant in decision analysis for a maximin decision-maker quite apart from any game-theory considerations. This rectifies the apparent misconception that results from MS/OR textbooks which discuss mixed strategiesonlyin the game-theory setting. Next we show an example of animplementablemixed strategy, by which we mean a mixed decision strategy which does not require randomization for its implementation. This application is to portfolio construction.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.94

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper re-examines use of the linear programming (LP) formulation to solve the transportation problem (TP). The proposed method is a general-purpose algorithm which uses only one operation, the Gauss Jordan pivoting used in the simplex method. The final tableau can be used for post-optimality analysis of TP. This algorithm appears to be faster than simplex, more general than stepping-stone and simpler than both in solving general TP. A numerical example illustrates the methodology. It is assumed the reader is familiar with simplex terminology.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.95

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis note discusses the need to use various data-compaction schemes in the implementation of sophisticated large-scale linear programming codes on modest personal computers. It demonstrates a method whereby the overhead of using these schemes is significantly reduced on Intel 80 x 86 processors.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.96

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis is a single-period, single-product inventory model with several individual sources of demand. It is a multi-location problem with an opportunity for centralization. The holding and penalty cost functions at each location are assumed to be identical. Two types of inventory system are considered in this paper: the decentralized system and the centralized system. The decentralized system is a system in which a separate inventory is kept to satisfy the demand at each source of demand. The centralized system is a system in which all demands are satisfied from one central warehouse. This paper demonstrates that, for any probability distribution of a location's demands, the following properties are always true: given that the holding and penalty cost functions are identical at all locations, (1) if the holding and penalty cost functions are concave functions, then the expected holding and penalty costs in a decentralized system exceed those in a centralized system, except that (2) if the holding and penalty cost functions are linear functions, and for anyi≠j,Pij, the coefficient of correlation between theith location's demand and thejth location's demand is equal to 1, then the expected holding and penalty costs in a decentralized system are equal to those in a centralized system.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.97

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents examples of recently developed measures of flexibility and adaptivity for machines and groups of machines in a manufacturing setting. The flexibility measures depend on the set of tasks to be done relative to a background task set, the relative importance of the tasks and the efficiency of machines in doing them. The measures of adaptivity relate flexibility measures in different situations, usually at different points in time.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1989.98

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor