ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.38

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.39

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThis paper examines some important problems in the evaluation and selection of research projects, with particular reference to operational research projects in a central industry research organization. A method for project evaluation is suggested which provides data suitable for use in a powerful and flexible formal procedure for project selection. In evaluating a project, the assessment of resource requirements is based on a probabilistic network plan of the project, and the estimates of benefits are derived from the marginal effects on the industry of performing or not performing the project, using discounted cash flow techniques. The procedure for project selection chooses not only the projects to be undertaken, but also the team sizes that should be used. A wide variety of constraints can be imposed on the system to reflect different aspects of management policy or other special factors. The procedures described have been implemented, and have proved well worth while.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.40

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractFor British local government elections, it is necessary to divide the total voting population into sub-groups (wards) such that each sub-group elects one or more representatives. At present there are remarkably few legal requirements governing the way in which this division is done. This study emphasizes the difficulties of formulating the problem of division, puts forward criteria which (hopefully) would look respectable and acceptable if embodied in legislation, and develops a linear programming-plus-heuristics approach which is applied to Bristol County Borough data to enable comparisons with current ward boundaries.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.41

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractA generalized model, which has been found to be of practical value, is developed to represent the process of selling to consumers by retailers. The concepts of consumers' preferences and products' attributes and availabilities are formalized, quantified probabilistically and related to provide expressions for the time-dependent sales of all competing brands.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.42

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractFor many industrial processes the cost of a component failing in service is sufficient to warrant replacement before failure, but intensive operation of the processes restricts replacement opportunities. A model is proposed where at each opportunity replacement is optional. Dynamic programming methods are used to show that for components that deteriorate as they are used, the best policy is to replace the component if its age exceeds a control limit otherwise to defer replacement.Numerical results are given when the time to failure of the component has a gamma distribution and replacement opportunities occur at random, or are entirely regular. A "rule of thumb" is given for calculating the control limit, and it is shown to be nearly optimal.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.43

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper bases for the allocation of customers to routes are discussed. Five possibilities are considered and applied to six cases. The outcome is that no basis is superior to the others in all cases and that the suggestion of Clarke and Wright is a reasonable one to use. One other method is found to be at least as good. Full details are given.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.44

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractThe information explosion and the wide-ranging interests of operational research workers cause severe problems in the finding of information relevant to their studies. This paper attempts to show how an operational research worker can set about finding information for himself on any aspect of his work and a hundred examples of sources of information likely to be useful are briefly described with special reference to the needs of British workers.

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.45

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.46

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0160-5682    

DOI:10.1057/jors.1967.48

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1967

数据来源: Taylor