摘要:

Changes in the middle cerebral arteries, especially in the media, of rats with experimental hypertension were electron microscopically studied. The animals whose brains showed gross hemorrhage or softening were excluded. Medial lesions were severer than intimal ones. Medial smooth muscle cells exhibited focal cytoplasmic degradation, and most of the necrotic parts were found in autophagic vacuoles. There were also vacuoles which resulted from disposal of the degraded cytoplasm in the autophagic vacuoles. The disposed necrotic parts, discharged out of the cells were seen as vesicles varying in size around the smooth muscle cells. The medial smooth muscle cells became smaller as if torn off, and finally disappeared.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The specific morphological substrate of rheumatic fever is the Aschoff's granuloma. However, the process may also take a purely exudative course, showing no morphological characteristics whatever. The clinical picture of primary chronic polyarthritis (PCP) is determined by the exudative processes taking place in the joints and in other mesodermic cavities. The inflammation is quite noncharacteristic from a morphological aspect. Contrary to this, necrotic foci with surrounding histiogenic palisade structure should be considered specific. The substrate of necrosis may be: tendon, synovial tissue, myocardium, or arterial wall. The special immunological conditions existing in such cases are marked by the rheumatic factor being always positive. Retrospectively, the muscle‐aggressive form of rheumatic fever again gains in significance: here, morphological and immunological parallels seem to exist between rheumatic fever and PCP, two diseases that otherwise are entirely different from an etiological point of view. In either case, an auto‐aggressive immuno‐mechanism leads to local necrosis and to subsequent environmental reaction of exactly histogenous but different nature. While being only one out of many possibilities for the origination of capillary affection and exudation, the immuno‐mechanism plays the leading part in the formation of primary tissue necrosis. This is why morphological specificity in similar immuno‐mechanisms is dependent on the structure of the substrate affected in each particular case: Capillary defect means nonspecific exudation, tissue defect means specific

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Senile cardiac amyloidosis is found in aged persons, with greater prevalence in the older age groups. Amyloid deposition is localized in the heart, especially in the myocardial interstitium of the atrial septum just beneath the endocardium. The compression and atrophy of the myocardial fibers are frequently detected in the atrial subendocardium. Electrocardiographic abnormalities such as low voltage in limb leads, bundle branch block and atrioventricular block are more frequently observed in the patients with senile cardiac amyloidosis.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The author reported that the tumors induced by Friend virus in rats are histologically lymphosarcomas, but they do not grow well in normal isologous rats. Even when the tumors grow initially, they regress later. In the same manner as the above, when several transplantable tumors in rats, which had developed spontaneously or had been induced by chemical carcinogens, are artificially infected Friend virus, they do not grow in each susceptible strain of rats as in the Friend virus‐induced tumors. These rat tumors induced by Friend virus or artificially infected with Friend virus can grow in rats only when the host is Friend‐tolerant or immunologically depressed. The mechanism on the regression of the tumors in the rat was discussed from the viewpoint of immunopathological stud

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00100.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Granulomatous cardiac lesion of Aschoff body type was produced in rabbits which had been hyperimmunized with duck γ‐globulin followed by an injection of anti‐rabbit‐heart duck antibody. Normal rabbits injected with the same anti‐heart antibody did not show any tissue damage. The localization of anti‐heart antibody was studied by fluorescent antibody technique: In hyperimmunized rabbits myocardial and sarcolemmal localization of duck γ‐globulin was detected, whereas no heart localization of duck γ‐globulin was found in normal rabbit. These results indicate that the permeability change of blood vessels is essential to provide the direct reaction of anti‐heart antibody and heart tissue.Similar studies were performed in rats using rabbit anti‐rat‐heart antibody with comparable results.Although quantitative methods to assay anti‐heart antibody in vitro and in vivo were developed by using radioactive antibody, the quantitative relationship between antibody amount and tissue lesion

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new type of fatty liver, in which a large amount of phospholipids deposited in the liver parenchymal cells, is presented. Electron microscopically, numerous myelin figures filled up the cytoplasm of the enlarged liver parenchymal cells. They showed a typical concentric lamellar structure and existed singly or gathered together in the cytoplasm. Sometimes they were limited by a single membrane. This new type of fatty liver was found in the patient with markedly enlarged liver and probably with some chronic inflammation. Morphogenesis of these myelin figures and causal relationship to chronic infiammation were discussed, and a new concept as phospholipid fatty liver was proposed.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The distributions of three kinds of immunoglobulin polypeptide chains, Λ, k and γ were determined in 14 speciment of human lymphoid tissue, 8 spleens and 11 mesenteric lymph nodes, obtained during abdominal operations or at autopsy within 4 hours of death. All of the materials were fixed in 95% cold ethyl alcohol and paraffin sections were prepared. None of the patients had paraproteinemia or blood disease. Fluorescent antibody technique staining with pairs of immunofluorescent reagents, which reacted specifically with k‐, λ‐, and γ‐chains and were labeled with contrasting fluorochromes, were employed. The relative numbers of these cells in tissue sections were calculated.The approximate percentages of k‐ and Λ‐containing cells, 61% and 38% were in accord with the ratio of these types of immunoglobulin in normal serum2–3:l. The percentage of k‐ and Λ‐chain containing cells in IgG globulin and in other immunoglobulins was about 62% and 38%, respectively.Approximately half of all fluorescent immunocytes produced IgG globulin in the lymphoid tissues of spleens and lymph nodes.Immunoglobulin containing cells with k‐, Λ‐and γ‐chains did not differ significantly in size or pattern. They could be plasma cells, medium sized to large lymphocytes or lymphoid plasma cells, and were primarily found in the red pulp of the spleen and medulla of lymph nodes. Single immunocytes and germinal centers did not synthesize both k‐ and

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An autopsy case of alkaptonuria in a 47‐year‐old man is reported. Since childhood, he had noticed black color of his excreted urine. Autopsy revealed characteristic pathologic changes due to alkaptonuria such as ochronosis and ochronotic spondylosis, etc. The primary cause of death was pontine hemorrhage. Histologically, two types of ochronotic pigment were observed. Enzyme activity of homogentisate oxygenase in the liver and kidney homogenate was extremely decrea

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Presented here is an autopsy case of progressive vaccinia in which essentially normal immunoglobulin levels had been immunoelectrophoretically detected and the successive administration of gamma‐globulin and whole blood of recently successfully vaccinated adult human had failed to produce satisfactory effects. At autopsy, markedly proliferative lesions in the intestinal lymphoid tissues were found along with occasional focal necroses from which a perforating panperitonitis had arisen.Histological examination revealed a significant proliferation or infiltration of reticulum cells, atypical mononuclear cells (histiocytic), mono‐ or multinuclear giant cells as well as a fair number of plasma cells associated with a relatively scarce number of lymphocytes in the systemic lymphoid tissues. These clinical and pathological findings lead us to the postulation that the present case may have manifested some defense defects or immune mechanisms against the vaccinia virus in the lymphatic system to produce the characteristic lesion found at auto

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1970.tb00106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY