摘要:

To clarify the ultrastructural changes in renal proximal tubules causing microalbuminuria in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy, three different groups of rats were prepared: rats with streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetes given no treatment (DMut; n = 7), rats with STZ‐induced diabetes treated with insulin (DMt; n = 7), and non‐diabetic rats injected with citrate buffer (control; n = 7). In each group, the laboratory findings, ATP content of the renal cortex, and the size of proximal tubule cells and their nuclei and mitochondria (MT) were determined. In two weeks after the start of the study, MT in renal proximal tubules showed diffuse enlargement in the DMut group as compared with those in the control group. Renal cortical ATP content, fractional sodium excretion (FENa), urinary excretion of β−microglobulin and albumin were also increased significantly in the DMut group relative to the controls. In the DMt group, most of the examined parameters returned almost to normal. There were positive correlations between each of the following parameters: hyperglycemia and MT enlargement, MT enlargement and increased cortical ATP content, increased cortical ATP content and increased FENa, increased FENa and increased urinary excretion of β‐microglobulin and albumin. On the basis of these results, we conclude that mitochondrial enlargement, resulting from disturbed metabolism of ATP, may reduce active transport in renal proximal tubules, which, in turn, may impair reabsorption in the tubules. This would cause urinary excretion of low‐molecular‐weight proteins and microalbumin in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy. Acta Pathol Jpn 42

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To investigate the changes of spermatozoa by high doses of vitamin B6, (B6), the alterations in spermatozoa and testis of rats after the administration of high doses of B6 were evaluated quantitatively and morphometrically. Wistar rats of 11 weeks of age were intraperitoneally injected with 63,125,250 and 500 mg/kg of B6 daily 5 times per week for 6 weeks. Using the spermatozoa taken from the epididymis and ductus deferens, the number, motility and nuclear morphology of spermatozoa were examined. After preparing 7 parameters for the nuclear morphology, the morphometry was performed by an IBAS version 2 (Zeiss) image analysis system. The number of spermatocytes and spermatids in representative stages of spermatogenesis was counted per Sertoli cell histologically. Mild deformation of spermatozoa nuclei occurred in the 63 mg or more exposure groups. In the 125 and 250 mg groups, the decrease in number as well as motility of spermatozoa together with slight decrease of spermatids in late maturation phase (mature spermatids) and the delay in spermia‐tion appeared. Phagocytosis of mature spermatids by Sertoli cells was clearly increased in the 250 mg group. The alteration and the decreased number of spermatozoa are suggested to have mainly resulted from alteration of mature spermatids and the increased phagocytosis of mature spermatids by Sertoli cells. Computer‐assisted morphometry of spermatozoa nuclei was useful not only to evaluate morphological changes objectively but also to discern them early. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 861–869,

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The pancreata of 15 autopsy cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and those of 14 age‐ matched controls were examined qualitatively and quantitatively to re‐evaluate the relationship between pancreatic islet abnormalities and sudden death in infancy. Histopathologically, a diffuse or focal form of nesidioblastosis and septal islets were frequently observed in the pancreata of both groups. Endocrine cell dysplasia was found only in 2 infants who had died of SIDS. Quantitatively, there was little difference of islet cell composition between the SlDS cases and the controls. A relatively high proportion of islet cell area to total pancreatic tissue area was demonstrated in the SlDS group (8.46±4.90% in the pancreatic head; 8.66±4.23% in the pancreatic body to tail) in comparison with the controls (5.32±1.77%; 5.63±1.60%). Although nesidioblastosis and septal islets were considered to be within the limits of normal variation during pancreatic development, endocrine cell dysplasia and quantitatively unusual proliferation of the pancreatic endocrine tissue suggest the possibility that abnormalities in the endocrine pancreas may be causally related to sudden death in infancy. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 870–

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to detect human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in invasive cervical cancers, three different polymerase chain reactions to amplify different subgenomic fragments of HPV DNA were carried out on DNA extracted from 93 formalin fixed and paraffin‐embedded tumor tissues. This study detected HPV DNA in 54 cases (58.1%), which broke down to HPV 16 in 39 (41.9%) cases, HPV 18 in six (6.4%), HPV 52 in three, HPV 33 in one and unclassified HPV type in the remainder. Histopathologically, squamous cell carcinomas frequently contained HPV 16, whereas, HPV 18 was present in adenocarcinoma, adenos‐quamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma of the cervix. Clinicopathological study revealed that HPV 16 and 18 DNA found were more frequently than other HPV subtypes in premenopausal patients. Moreover, HPV 18 DNA positive cancers had a relatively high recurrence rate. These results indicate that cervical cancers might be clinically influenced by the difference in subtypes of the infecting HPV. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 876–883,

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three cases of pulmonary blastoma exhibiting biphasic epithelial and stromal patterns, and a case of fetal lung type adenocarcinoma, were examined by immunohisto‐chemistry and electron microscopy (EM) and compared with fetal bronchial epithelium in order to explore the multidirectional differentiation of their epithelial components. The glandular cells of all four tumors resembled fetal bronchial epithelial cells in the pseudoglandular stage. Neuroendocrine (NE) cells were also present: they were argyrophilic and expressed pan NE markers, neurose‐cretory granules and peptide hormones. The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) was strongly expressed on the cell membranes of glandular cells, as in the case of proximal bronchial epithelial cells at the pseudoglandular stage in fetal lung. Sialosylated LewisXwas also expressed, indicating that the epithelial cells were possibly of endodermal origin. Two of the four cases showed considerable immunoreactivity for alpha fetoprotein (AFP). The epithelial cells of pulmonary blastomas may occasionally de‐differentiate into cells functionally resembling fetal hepatic, foregut and yolk sac cells expressing AFP. Tumor examination by immunohistochemistry and EM suggested that the glandular cells of the tumors may differentiate to some extent like those of fetal large bronchi at the pseudoglandular stage, but there was concordance and discordance in the expression of neuroendocrine and oncofetal markers between blastomatous tumors and fetal bronchial epithelium. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 884–89

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01894.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Multinodular amyloid deposits localized in non neoplastic adrenal glands were found incidentally at autopsy in an 83‐year‐old Japanese man. Clinically, the patient lacked evident deficiency of adrenal hormones. The nodules of the stromal amyloid deposits were scattered in the adrenal cortex, where the parenchymal cells were compressed and atrophic. The deposits were confirmed to be amyloid by Congo red staining and polarization microscopy. Amyloid fibrils were also demonstrated in the deposits by electron microscopy. The amyloid deposits were permanganate‐sensitive and showed immunohistochemical staining for serum amyloid P component and serum amyloid A protein (SAA), implying that they were AA amyloid. There have been no reports describing localized amyloid deposits of the AA type in non neoplastic adrenal glands. The patho‐genesis and clinical significance of the amyloid deposition in the present case remain only speculative. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 893–

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01895.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of the clear cell variant of hepatocellular carcinoma with an abundant myxoid stroma is presented. The tumor occurred in a 55 year old Japanese man, and swelling of the scrotum was the initial symptom. The patient underwent high‐level orchiectomy, and the pathologic diagnosis was a metastatic tumor on the surface of the processus vaginalis and intact testis. Extensive examination failed to show a primary site. Subsequent autopsy revealed a large hepatic tumor and metastatic nodules with a prominent myxoid appearance in multiple organs. Histological‐ly, each tumor consisted of uniform small tumor cells with clear cytoplasm attributed to abundant accumulation of glycogen particles, and an abundant myxoid stroma was also present. The tumor cells were positive for keratin, α1– antitrypsin, α1‐antichymotrypsin, liver ferritin, prealbumin, and fibrinogen, but lacked α fetoprotein. These findings indicated that this case was hepatocellular carcinoma of the clear cell type with a prominent myxoid stroma. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 897

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01896.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An autopsy case of triplecancer (hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver, renal cell carcinoma of the kidney, and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid) was reported. Histological features of primary hepatic tumor suggested undiffer‐entiated hepatocellular carcinoma (Edmondson Steiner's Grade IV). However, certain tumor cells showed distinctive argyrophilic reactions and electron microscopy revealed small round granules resembling electron dense endocrine secretory granules in their cytoplasm. Immuno‐histochemistry demonstrated that tumor cells showed a positive reaction for AFP while some others were positive for chromogranin A. lmmunohistochemical demonstration of AFP production by tumor cells indicated their he‐patocyte origin. No endocrine syndrome had been present and no alternative primary source of the endocrine tumor was detected. Tumors of the kidney and thyroid were considered to be incidentally combined. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 904–91

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01897.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of immature mediastinal teratoma in a 43 year‐old Japanese man is reported. The tumor, which was multicys‐tic with solid zones and measured 12times6x8cm, arose in the anterior mediastinum. The serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level was elevated to 5,114 ng/ml before surgery. Histologically, the solid zones showed an admixture of irregular glands lined by columnar or cuboidal epithelium set in a spindle cell stroma, some foci of primitive neural tissue, and scattered small nests of hepatoid cells. Im‐munohistochemically, the hepatoid cells and epithelia lining some of the cysts showed a strongly positive reaction for AFP. Eight months after surgery, the patient died of respiratory failure caused by a rapidly growing massive recurrent tumor, which measured 40times24times13cm, in the left thoracic cavity. However, the elevated serum AFP level had been decreasing during the course of the recurrence in response to chemotherapy. The recurrent tumor showed remarkable proliferation of loose mesenchymal tissue without primitive neural tissue. These findings suggest that immature mediastinal teratoma in adults is highly malignant, and that non‐AFP‐producing mesenchymal tissue played a critical role in forming the rapidly growing massive recurrent tumor in the present case. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 911

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01898.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of intrauterine tumor in a 62 year old Japanese woman is presented. It was thought initially that this was a case of uterine tumor resembling an ovarian sex cord tumor. To examine the cytological features of the tumor cells, electron microscopical and immunohistochemical studies were done, and a hormone assay of the tumor tissue was performed. The tumor cells were rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER), mitochondria and microfila‐ments. Some tumor cells tended to form glandular patterns, but these epithelial elements were frequently scattered among fibrous stromal elements. Though many tumor cells with an epithelial appearance possessed a large quantity of cytokeratin and vimentin, they did not secrete estradiol, progesterone, testosterone or human chorionic gonadotropin. This case was finally diagnosed as an intramural uterine stromal tumor with epithelial differentiation after taking all the available data into consideration. This would be classified as an endometrial stromal tumor with epithelial elements, recently proposed and named by Clement and Scully. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 916–922, 1

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1992.tb01899.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY