摘要:

The effects of alkyl alcohols and related chemicals on the ultrastructure of mitochondria in the rat hepatocyte were studied. The following three different groups of chemicals were tested: Group 1: alkyl alcohols with straight carbon chains (ethanol, 1 propanol, 1 butanol, 1 pentanol, 1 octanol, 1 dodecanol and 1‐octadecanol); Group 2 :tertandcyclo‐compounds (tert‐butanol,cyclo‐pentanol, andcyclohexanol); and Group 3: polyhydroxy alcohols (ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3 propandiol, glycerol and pentaerythritol). Results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) Ethanol, 1 propanol, 1 butanol, 1‐pentanol and 1 octanol had essentially the same effects on the mitochondrial ultrastructure: a mixed population of small and enlarged mitochondria with poorly developed cristae; 1‐dodecanol induced ultrastructural changes of mitochondria of two distinct types: a mixed population of small and enlarged mitochondria with poorly developed cristae in some hepatocytes and remarkably enlarged mitochondria with well developed cristae in others; and 1 octadecanol induced remarkably enlarged mitochondria in all hepatocytes. 2) Chemicals belonging to group 2 and group 3 induced essentially the same changes as those induced by 1‐octadecanol. More than one month was required to induce those changes. The mechanism by which those ultrastructural mitochondrial changes were induced is not clear, but the present results may suggest that the hydroxy group (‐OH) common to all these chemicals in some way accounts for the phenomenon. Acta Pathol Jpn 41

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Functional changes of mitochondria in the liver obtained from rats given 32% ethanol, 32% propanol and 6.9% butanol in drinking water for up to 3 months were investigated. Animals were also fed a liquid diet containing ethanol for comparison. Results obtained were as follows: 1) Animals given ethanol in drinking water consumed twice as much ethanol daily as those fed a liquid diet containing ethanol, while ultrastructural changes of hepatic mitochondria were essentially the same between the former and the latter animals: the co‐existence of mega‐mitochondria and small mitochondria with poorly developed cristae. 2) Effects of alkyl alcohols tested on the respiratory rates and coupling efficiency of mitochondria were variable, depending on the kind of alkyl alcohols, the duration of experiments and oxidizable substrates used. 3) There was essentially no difference between the heavy and the light mitochondrial fractions obtained from alkyl alcohol‐treated rat livers in terms of respiratory rates and coupling efficiencies. 4) Decreases in the content of cytochrome aa3and the activity of cytochrome oxidase, and increases in MEOS activity were most distinct in ethanol treated rat livers. A possible role of chronic relative oxygen deficiency inside the hepatocyte caused by the metabolization of alkyl alcohols is discussed in order to interpret such peculiar ultrastructural changes of mitochondria. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 414–42

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Subcapsular small cortical cells (SC cells) and subcapsular large cortical cells (LC cells) of bovine adrenal cortex were cultured separately after purification by unit gravity sedimentation, and then compared with inner half layer cells (IL cells) prepared by the same method. Both SC and LC cells were polygonal in shape and their mitochondria were elongated with lamellar cristae. SC cells became as large as LC cells on day 6 of culture with increased cytoplasmic lipid droplets, whereas IL cells showed no change in size. IL cells were spindle‐shaped and had mitochondria with tubulovesicular cristae. Both SC and LC cells produced 11β deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, aldosterone and small amounts of 17α hydroxy progesterone (17 α OH Prog) and Cortisol (F). IL cells produced much more 17α‐OH Prog and F than SC or LC cells. When stimulated with ACTH, cortical cells in each group showed cellular retraction and their mitochondria became spherical. The amounts of 17. OH Prog and F increased in all groups, especially in IL cells. These results show that LC cells have similar characteristics to SC cells in both morphology and function, and that they differ from IL cells, which correspond to classical fasciculata reticularis cells. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 428–

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lymphoepithelioma of the nasopharynx is a neoplasm known to have a strong association with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV). Using the Southern blot method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and/orin situhybridization, we examined lymph nodes containing metastatic carcinoma, including metastatic lymphoepithelioma, for the presence of EBV genomes in order to determine whether EBV was associated exclusively with lymphoepithelioma. All of six lymph nodes from patients with lymphoepithelioma in the neck were found to have EBV genomes using the above methods. In four of the six cases, the primary site was the nasopharynx, and in the other two no primary site was found. Four of 12 squamous cell carcinomas and one of 18 adenocarcinomas expressed the EBV genome only by PCR, but not by Southern blotting orin situhybridization, probably due to the presence of latent EBV in lymphocytes. These results indicate that metastatic carcinoma in lymph nodes showing EBV genomes revealed by Southern blotting orin situhybridization is lymphoepithelioma, and that the nasopharynx is very likely the primary site. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 437–443, 1

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03210.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recently, primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) have been shown to cover a wide spectrum of small round cell sarcomas, probably including some Ewing's sarcomas (ESs) and extraskeletal Ewing's sarcomas (EESs), in addition to classical peripheral neuroepitheliomas (PNs). In studies of small cell sarcomas, we found a group of undifferentiated tumors resembling PNETs with some features of neuroectodermal differentiation, but possessing areas of relatively large, pleomorphic cells. To clarify the nature of these tumors and their relationship to PNETs, we examined the variety of histological, immunohistochemical and ultra‐structural features of 11 small cell sarcomas. Five of these tumors were composed of uniform, small round cells and were classified as PNs because of the presence of definite Homer‐Wright rosettes and fibrillary processes. The presence of well developed neurite like processes containing neurosecretory granules and immunore‐activities for various neural markers suggested that these PNs showed more advanced neuronal differentiation. Two tumors, with the classical features of ES, showed no ultrastructural evidence of neuronal differentiation, although only gamma gamma neuron specific enolase (NSE) positivity was detected. Four undifferentiatied tumors with atypical features, included in this study as an atypical PNET group, showed certain neuroectodermal characteristics, such as ganglion cell differentiation, perivascular pseudorosettes, and gamma gamma NSE reactivity. It is concluded from this study that PNETs may include small round cell tumors showing different degrees of neuroectodermal differentiation and some histological variations. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 444–45

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03211.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We describe a case of goblet cell carcinoid of the vermiform appendix, which metastasized to the bilateral ovaries, uterus, vagina and peritoneum three years and four months after appendectomy. The appendiceal tumor showed transmural infiltration of carcinoembryonic antigen‐positive goblet cell‐type tumor cells, intermingled with a small number of argyrophilic cells immunoreactive for serotonin and chromogranin A. The presence of neurosecretory‐type granules was confirmed ultrastructurally in some mucin negative tumor cells. The pattern of proliferation was typical of carcinoid tumor originating from the lowermost part of the mucosa, and showed lymphatic permeation. The metastatic lesions in the pelvic organs showed either diffuse infiltration of goblet cell‐type tumor cells ormucinouscystadenocarcinoma like features, the latter being evident in the right ovary. No neuroendocrine component was identified in the metastatic deposits. The kinship of appendiceal goblet cell carcinoid to adenocarcinoma is discussed. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 455

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03212.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two autopsy cases of leiomyosarcoma of the liver in a 49‐year old female and 63‐year‐old male are reported. Both of the liver tumors showed electron microscopically dense patches in the cytoplasm and intermediate junctions between the tumor cells, suggesting a smooth muscle cell origin, irrespective of their different histological features. The nature of both tumors was confirmed by positive immunoreactivity for muscle‐specific actin in the tumor cells, whereas desmin immunoreactivity was labile in both cases, showing a higher diagnostic value of the former compared with the latter in these leiomyosarcomas. Both cases, showed extensive distant metastases in spite of an evident difference in their mitotic indices, indicating that this index is not reliable for judging the metastatic potential of these tumors. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 461–

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of dedifferentiated leiomyosarcoma of the uterus was examined using immunohistochemistry. The tumor arose in the myometrium, and was a whitish large nodule with hemorrhage and necrosis. Histologically it was a well differentiated leiomyosarcoma with foci showing epithelioid pattern, and in part resembling malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and giant cell tumor (GCT). Additionally, small round neoplastic cells arranged in an alveolar manner, simulating alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, were seen in some areas. Neoplastic cells in well differentiated areas expressed desmin, muscle‐specific actin and Leu Ml, whereas those in epithelioid and poorly differentiated areas lacked these antigens. Instead, tumor cells in epithelioid and small round cell areas were positive for keratin. Interestingly, most tumor cells in well differentiated, epithelioid and small round cell areas were also positive for MB1. However, tumor cells in GCT‐and MFH‐like areas reacted with none of the antibodies used. Ultrastructurally, some tumor cells possessed various amounts of microfilaments with or without dense patches, whereas others lacked them. These findings suggest that the divergent antigen expression was attributable to different levels of differentiation, and that poorly differentiated components had lost their native features. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 466–47

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 60‐year‐old woman complaining of cervical lymph‐adenopathy was admitted to Keiyu General Hospital, Yokohama. Malignant lymphoma involving systemic lymph nodes and the bilateral tonsils was suspected by computed tomography. The biopsy diagnosis of the cervical lymph nodes was B‐cell lymphoma, diffuse medium‐sized cell type. The cleaved centrocytic lymphoma cells were immunoreactive for CD20 and CD22 but negative for immunoglobulins. Characteristically, a considerable number of neoplastic lymphocytes possessed eosinophilic round inclusions in the cytoplasm. The inclusions were green in color by Papanicolaou staining, whereas they appeared vacuole like in Giemsa‐stained preparations. Ultrastructural study confirmed the presence of aggregates of intermediate‐sized filamentous structures mainly in the perinuclear area. The rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus were poorly developed. Immunocyto‐chemical staining using cytologic specimens and fresh‐frozen sections disclosed that the inclusions were composed of vimentin filaments. Morphologic similarities to signet ring cell lymphoma are discussed. Acta Pathol Jpn

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03215.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A histologically uncommon soft‐tissue tumor of the extremities and neck of a 54‐year old male is reported. The solid, bony‐hard tumors occurred at the inner region of the right thigh at 44 years of age with additional tumor formation at the posterior region of the same thigh, at the inner region of the right upper arm and at the neck during the following 10 years. All tumors were located in the deep muscle layer. The neck tumor directly invaded the fifth cervical vertebra and later the upper mediastinum. Histologically, all three tumors of the extremities contained mixed lobular growths of round to fusiform cells with myxoid matrix and an extensive bone formation. The tumor cells showed a small round nucleus and eosinophilic cytoplasm lacking cytoplasmic glycogen. The myxoid matrix was stained significantly by alcian blue and colloidal iron and was digested completely by pretreatment with hyaluronidase. Another major component was mature bone trabeculae showing a dense meshwork throughout the entire tumor with active bone formation toward the periphery. Positive immunostaining was obtained against anti‐vimentin and S‐100 protein antibodies. We suggest that this uncommon tumor can be tentatively distinguished as an ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts, (an entity defined by Enzingeret al.), differing from other previously described soft‐tissue tumors. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 48

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1991.tb03216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY