摘要:

Hearts of newborns, children and adults of autopsied cases without cardiac diseases were studied quantitatively. In prenatal term, the growth rate of ventricular weight is higher than that of body weight, but after birth vice versa. Abrupt change from fetal to adult circulation has a prolonged effect on the morphological growth of the heart at least 1 to 2 years after birth. Newborns who died of pulmonary diseases have more hyperplastic right ventricle or more hypoplastic left one than those who died of non‐cardiopulmonary diseases. Widely patent ductus arteriosus is more frequently observed in the former than in the latter. Proportion of both ventricular masses was studied in relation to the width of ductus arteriosus and preponderance of the left ventricular mass was suggested to be a requirement for closure of ductus arterios

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00751.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The hemodynamics of carbon tetrachloride‐Induced rat liver cirrhosis were examined by means of the perfusion experiment and the anatomical lesions being responsible for the development of portal hypertension were evaluated. The portal blood flow of isolated rat liver was 3.07±0.53 ml/g/min. in intact rats, 1.94±0.24ml/g/min. In fibrosis rats and 1.75±0.23 ml/g/min. in cirrhosis rats under the condition of perfusion pressure 13.5 cmH2O and of Ht 36%. The flbrotlc liver as well as cirrhotic liver showed marked elevation of hepatic vascular resistance, and more than 20 cmH2O perfusion pressures were necessary for the fibrotlc liver as well as the cirrhotic liver to hold the normal level of hepatic blood flow. There was no perceptible stenosis or distortion of the Intrahepatic portal tree and of the hepatic venous tree, but there was marked constriction of the sinusoid resulting from enlargement of the hepatic cell in the fibrotlc liver as well as in the cirrhotic liver. The Intimate correlation between the hepatic blood flow reduction and the extent of sinusoidal constriction suggested that vascular resistance of cirrhotic liver was located In the sinusoidal

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00752.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A review of surgically resected materials of granulomatous or ulcerative entero‐colitis revealed 14 cases of regional enteritis primarily affecting the cecum (RE‐G), 11 cases of regional ileitis with cecal involvement, 10 cases of regional ileitis confined to the small intestine, 3 cases of regional enteritis of the large Intestine other than the cecum, 4 cases of perityphlitlc abscess or chronic perityphlitis, 2 cases of fibroplastic appendicitis, 11 cases of ulcerative colitis and 10 cases of Intestinal tuberculosis.Clinical and pathological surveys were mainly focussed on RE‐G, comparing with regional Ileitis, intestinal tuberculosis and ulcerative colitis. The incidence of RE‐G was very high in contrast to that found in the literatures. The frequent clinical findings in RE‐G were abdominal pain, abdominal mass, elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and previous appendectomy. The macroscopic findings were characterized by segmental distribution, marked thickening of bowel wall, narrowing of the lumen, Assuring and cobblestoning.Microscopic findings of RE‐G were similar to regional Ileitis and were characterized by Assuring, abscess, lymphoid aggregates with lymph follicle formation and full‐wall inflammation. Noncaseating tubercles were diagnostic, b

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00753.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An electron microscopic observation of the central nervous system of adult rabbits in normal and pathological conditions was performed from the view‐point of histological topography.The meninges can be divided into 4 layers; 1st dural, 2nd subdural, 3rd meningothelial and 4th arachnoid layers, and the cellular components and responses of each layer were discussed in detail. The perivascular space of the penetrating vessels can be traced until the pia‐ glial border, but it is not clearly seen in the brain substance. An adventitial space containing adventitial cells and some collagen fibers is, however, recognized in the brain substance, and this is the site of proliferation of mesenchymal elements in various inflammatory conditions. The characteristics of degrading process in both the cerebral gray and white substances is also discussed. Through this investigation, an important role of the mesenchymo‐ectodermal junction in pathological conditions is emphasized, referring to the response of brain macrophages and perivascular astro

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00754.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The lymphoid follicles identical with those in the lymph node, were produced in the thymus of guinea pigs by intrathymic injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) with or without Freund's complete adjuvant, mixed vaccine or salmonella vaccine.A part of the injected tracer antigen, HRP persisted in the inflammatory region in the vicinity of the lymphoid follicles through the course of the experiment. Anti‐HRP antibody producing cells were found around lymphoid follicles, but not in the germinal centers. It was confirmed from serial histological sections that most of the lymphoid follicles were situated in the medullointerlobular fusing portion. The accumulated lymphocytes around the lymphoid follicle as well as those of lymph nodes and the spleen were negative for Alp activity, while the lymphocytes showed intensive Alp activity in the cortex and slight in the medulla.It might be concluded that the formation of thymic lymphoid follicle and antibody‐producing cells requires participation of the thymic cells In the medulla and extrathymlc cells in the region where antigens were retained for a long t

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00755.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In various arterial lesions including atherosclerotic lesions, the main morphological change involves smooth muscle cells. The potential sensitivity is different among the arterial smooth muscle cells, venous smooth muscle cells and smooth muscle cells of other organs. The modified smooth muscle cells characterized by the increase of rough endoplasmic reticula are considered to express their latent ability to synthesize collagen fibers, elastic fibers and other ground substances.The foam cells noted in atherosclerosis and fatty streak consist of lipid accumulated smooth muscle cells and hematogenous macrophages. Lipid metabolism and synthesis in the latter differ from those in the former. The ratio of the two kinds of foam cells in atheroma or fatty streak varies by the stage of the lesion.It is possible to suppose that there exists a factor which would selectively attack the media smooth muscle cells of small arteries or arterioles. This is observed electron microscopically as focal cytoplasmic necrosis (cytoplasmolysis) of smooth muscle cells and plays an important role in the histogenesis of fibrinoid necrosis.In case of experimental periarteritis nodosa the early stage begins with cytoplasmolysis of smooth muscle cells and marked increase of rough endoplasmic reticula in adjacent smooth muscle cells.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00756.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Autopsy study of generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease with distinct clinical manifestation of Paul‐Bunnel negative infectious mononucleosis in a previously healthy, 73 years old male revealed almost ubiquitous infiltration of lymphocyte and atypical lymphocyte in close association with existence of typical cytomegalic inclusion laden cells. Besides intense cytomegalovirus pneumonitis, hepatitis, orchitis and lesions in many other organs, similar cellular proliferation and infiltration were especially severe in the reticuloendothelial and hematopoietic systems including grossly only slightly enlarged lymphnodes, bone marrow and moderately swollen spleen. Lymphoproliferative response in these organs was outstanding, whereas reaction of reticulum cell and histiocyte was less marked. Such a peculiar distribution and nature of the lesion was thought to consist some morphological characteristics in this type of generalized cytomegalic inclusion diseas

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00757.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of a 47‐year‐old female who died from severe pneumoconiosis, caused by prolonged exposure to dusts in a latex Industry, was described. Mineralogical composition of the lung dusts was qualitatively coincident with that of the dusting powder which the patient had used during her lifetime. It consisted mainly of sericite and quartz. The peculiarity of patho‐morphological features of pneumoconiotic change was disc

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of a 6‐month‐old boy with Chédiak‐Higashi syndrome was studied by autopsy and electron microscopy. Electron microscopy of leukocytes from peripheral blood and bone marrow indicated that the abnormal intracytoplasmic granules or vacuoles identifiable in light microscopy fell into 3 categories; (1) giant lysosomes; (2) autophagic vacuoles; and (3) phagocytized cells. These observations may support the recent concept that Chédiak‐Higashi syndrome is a possible lysosomal disease.Autopsy revealed various tissues of the patient infiltrated by histiocytic reticulum cells and lymphocytes, and unusual findings including an infiltration of these cells in and around the splenic trabecular veins and brain vessels as well as multifocal collections of the histiocytic cells in the brain. The histological feature of these infiltrates may represent a reactive type of histiocytic reticulosis or lympho‐histiocytosis, probably secondary to some metabolic disorder to which lysosomal dysfunctions may play an imp

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 45‐year‐old housewife sustained a blow to the occipital region In a traffic accident about 2 years and 3 months prior to death. Autopsy revealed lesions of softening in the hypothalamus, left thalamus, frontal lobe (especially on the left), and base of the left temporal lobe. Following the head trauma, a marked Increase of appetite was noted, with obesity, hypogonadism, and mild elevation of temperature. No diabetes insipidus was noted whatsoever. Based on data from physical and pathological examination, the relationship between function and morphology in the human hypothalamus was discus

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1972.tb00760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY