摘要:

Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease of the mesodermal germ layer. It is based on two totally different patho‐mechanisms; a) an exudative‐inflammatory process, and b) a primary necrosis of various mesodermal tissues. The exudative‐inflammatory processes take place in the mesodermal spaces; the primary necrotizing processes occur in the interior of various mesodermal tissues. Whereas the lining cell tissue inflammation is non‐characteristic, and the necrosis in rheumatoid arthritis can be taken as specific. The presence of the rheumatoid factor is optional in the lining cell tissue inflammatory processes; it is obligatory in necrosis.Consequently, rheumatoid arthritis is a disease of the mesodermal germ layer which can occur at two levels. On the first level, the process takes place at the border of mesodermal spaces. On the second level, in which the rheumatic factor is obligatory, the process becomes more complicated, since various kinds of mesodermal tissue structures, including heart muscle and vascular walls, die initially. The clinical picture of rheumatoid arthritis is thereafter characterized by the visceral pr

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Amyloidosis was experimentally induced in mice by repeated subcutaneous injections of silver nitrate solution.Deposition of silver granules was noted near the amyloid fibrils. The deposition was not prominent in the recently formed amyloid nodules, but abundant in the old nodules. It may be presumed that the deposition of silver granules among the amyloid fibrils suggests the filter‐like nature of amyloid fibrils which take various substances from the blood stream.From the relation of amyloid fibrils and silver granules, the amyloid bundles projecting from the Kupffer cell into the space of Disse were produced by the Kupffer cells and did not indicate the phagocytosis of amyloid by the cells.The mechanism of amyloidosis following injection of silver nitrate and the role of the lysosome of reticuloendothelial cells in the pathogenesis of amyloidosis have been discusse

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01217.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Organization and recanalization of experimental thromboemboli were observed by electron microscopy, in pulmonary muscular arteries of rabbits following repeated injections of autologous blood clots.The cells participating in these processes showed the features of young mesenchymal cells, chiefly derived from vascular smooth muscle cells. These mesenchymal cells showed some differentiation towards endothelial cells, fibroblasts, histiocytes and smooth muscle cells.The phagocytosis of fibrin by mesenchymal cells was a common finding in the completely occlusive thromboemboli. This suggested that phagocytosis of fibrin by macrophages might be an important method for its removal in the process of recanalization.Loosely‐arranged endothelial cells with or without tight junctions, the absence of thin basement membranes, and young mesenchymal cells with well‐developed cytoplasmic organellae might be associated with high permeability and growth of newly‐formed capillaries within the organizing thromboe

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Subcutaneous tumors were induced by inoculating adenovirus (Adeno) 7‐SV 40 hybrid or Adeno 12‐SV 40 hybrid into newborn hamsters. The tumors showed two distinct morphological characteristics; one resembled the tumor induced by Adeno 12 and the other that by SV 40. Regardless of such tumor types, the tumor cells contained T antigens derived from both Adeno and SV 40 genomes, as revealed by the fluorescent antibody technique. A portion of Adeno type tumor cells did not show fluorescent T antigen specific for SV 40 genome. These tumors may be originated from the cells infected with complete adenovirus which was included in the hybrid virus population. From the sequential observations of tumor development, it was found that the two tumor types were distinguishable at a stage as early as the onset of tumor formation, and that the tumor cell foci of the two types developed simultaneously in separate places and then grew to contact with each other. The tumor foci of each type induced by either hybrid virus appeared earlier than those induced by parent viruses. It was also observed that a primary site of the tumors induced by Adeno 12 was in the muscle tissue but that of Adeno type tumors induced by the hybrid viruses shifted to the subcutaneous connective or adipose tissue. On the other hand, primary site of SV 40 type tumors induced by the hybrid viruses was in the subcutaneous connective or adipose tissue as well as that of SV 40‐induced tumors. Based on these observations, a possible role of the target cells for the Adeno‐SV 40 hybrid in determining tumor morphology was di

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01219.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to study the histological features and the histogenesis of the solid cell nest (SCN) of the human thyroid gland, 388 glands obtained from autopsy cases were examined in detail. The SCN is located in the interfolllcular space, as one or several groups of cells which show a large, light cytoplasm and nucleus. It Is circumscribed by a basement membranelike structure and is separated from the surrounding follicles. The size of the SCN first increases as age increases and then it tends to decrease as age advances further. This is similar to that of the follicles. Although the shape of the SCN usually appears to be round under single histological section, reconstruction revealed that the SCN takes a very irregular form, and that apparently separated groups of SCNs seen in a single section are actually connected with each other and form one SCN. The SCN was found in 81 cases (21%): 74 cases had one SCN, 13 cases had two to four SCNs in one lobe, 4 cases had two to six SCNs in two lobes. It was found in both fetus and aged with equal incidence. The number of SCNs was found equally in two lobes, and never found in the isthmus. No amyloid deposition, keratinizations or intercellular bridges are found in the SCN. Four out of 388 cases examined had aberrant thymus tissues and two of them were located closely to the SCN.Various hypothesis about the histogenesis of the SCN have been reviewed. However, the present study warrants none of them.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01220.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Electron microscopic findings of the red pulp of the spleen and liver from three patients with hereditary spherocytosis have been reported.The sinus lumen of the spleen contained various amounts of red cell with reduced deformability. Pronounced engorgement of erythrocytes in the cordal space and various stages of erythrophagocytosis by the cordal macrophages were characteristic findings. The sinus lining cells also showed erythrophagocytosis and contained numerous dense bodies. Cordal macrophages and fibrous elements seemed to be more increased in the older patient.Acid phosphatase activity of varied intensity was demonstrated in the erythrophagocytic vacuoles of cordal macrophages. As the intracellular degradation progressed, more intense activity of this enzyme was noted, indicating their lysosomal origin.Splenic conditioning and enhanced destruction of defective red cells in the spleen were the main cause of hemolysis in hereditary spherocytosis.In the liver, erythrophagocytosis by the Kupffer cells was also not infrequently noted, but the liver was estimated to play a minor role in HS.The mechanism of hemolysis and the role of the spleen and liver in elimination of hereditary spherocytes have been discussed.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01221.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An autopsy case of so‐called congenital goiter of a female newborn is presented. It was an adult‐fist sized, horse‐shoe like goiter surrounding her fore‐neck, and caused air passage obstruction which most probably was the immediate cause of her death. Histologically, the mass consisted of hyperplastic follicles occasionally containing eosinophilic, colloid‐like substance. Clinically, the mother had had two episodes with possible relation to this change; (1) administration of potassium iodide (0.5 g/day) for the past 4 years including this pregnancy, (2) suspicious existence of latent hypothyroidism lasting for many years. Thus a possibility can be pointed out that the goiter was caused by administration of excess iodide and/or hypothyroidism of the mother during the pregnancy. A short discussion is also made on the relationship between histological findings of goiters and goitrogeni

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01222.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An autopsy case of a 38‐year‐old man demonstrating numerous peculiar membrane‐structures composed of compound lipid in the meta‐physis and marrow of long bones and various organs, where physiological hyperplasia ex vacuo of adipose tissue has occurred remarkably, is reported. The membranous structure was not observed in the brain while sudanophilic leucodystrophy was prominent.The cause of this case is assumed to be an abnormality in the process of differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal cell to fat cell in adult age, in which the lipid is combined with mucopolysaccharide in the ground substance of connective tissue, resulting in formation of peculiar membranous structure. ACTA PATH. JAP. 23: 539–

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01223.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An unusual disorder of familial oxalosis In three siblings is described. Autopsies were carried out in Case 1 and Case 2. The findings were characterized by the deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidneys and various extrarenal organs. Hyperoxaluria, a pathognomonic sign in this disorder, and roentgenological nephrocalclnosis were demonstrated In living Case 3. Renal biopsy revealed minute intratubular deposition of calcium oxalate crystal. Result of electron microscopical investigation appeared to be normal. Chromosomal analysis of the family revealed no abnormality. Besides these three patients, one sister showed a slight elevation of urinary oxalate excretion. The mother, maternal uncle and aunt have suffered from microhematuria or urolithiasis, although urinary oxalate excretion is normal. Recent knowledges about the pathogenesis of primary oxalosis are reviewed and discussed.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01224.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of relapsing polychondritis in a 48‐year‐old female is reported. In a biopsy specimen of the auricular cartilage, inflammatory cell infiltration with plasma cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils, wandering of macrophages, fibroblasts and invasion of capillaries were found. The matrix showed loss of basophilia and markedly decreased reactivity with alcian blue staining. This decreased reactivity corresponds with decrease of small granules containing acid mucopolysaccharide ultrastructurally. The main pathologic change of relapsing polychondritis is the decrease of small granules in cartilage matrix, followed by inflammatory reaction, and degeneration of chondrocytes. The reason for the decrease in number of the small granules is still not clear, but an immune mechanism might be contributa

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb01225.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY