摘要:

Atherosclerosis is undoubtedly a disease of many facets and in this review we have merely touched one angle of this issue. The best‐established cause of the disease is hyper‐cholesterolemia. Since the important role of macrophages in lipoprotein metabolism has been confirmed, current interest is focused on the role of macrophages in atherosclerosis. The origin and tissue distribution of foam cells have been discussed in detail, because they are the principal cells in the earliest lesions, the so‐called fatty streaks. Once thought to be derived exclusively from smooth muscle cells, foam cells are now known to originate largely from monocytes that enter the intima and become transformed into macrophages. Exactly how monocytes are recruited and retained in the artery wall is not fully understood, but it is certain that the initial event involves adhesion to the endothelial surface followed by penetration under the influence of a chemotactic factor(s). Hypercholesterolemia contributes much to this phenomenon by affecting both monocyte macrophages and endothelial cells. Intensive current research is increasing our understanding of the dynamic interaction between macrophages and both lipoproteins and vascular cells, and its immediate relevance to lesion formation. Closer scrutiny of the biology and molecular mechanism of the process of atherosclerosis may ultimately permit intervention in and slowing of the progress of this catastrophic human disease using new modalities. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 39: 473∼48

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01513.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A sequential study of the early stage of development of ethylnitrosourea (ENU) induced glioma in the rat was performed by electron microscopy and [3H]thymidine histoautoradiography. Hyperplasia, the earliest neoplastic change that was detectable morphologically, consisted of a few or several immature oligodendroglia like cells which were connected with one another or with preexisting neural tissue by junctional apparatus, and showed no reactive changes in the astrocytes or microglia. The labelling index of hyperplastic cells was 2.6%. Foci of early neoplastic proliferation (ENP) showed mild destructive changes in the neighboring neural tissue, and their major constituent cells had characteristics of immature oligodendroglias. The labelling index of cells showing ENP was 3.3%. The intercellular spaces exhibited slight enlargement with accumulation of extracellular matrix and a decrease in the number of junctional apparatus on the neoplastic cells. Microtumors showed apparent destruction of the preexisting neural tissue to form a tumor mass with an increase in the extracellular matrix. Constituent cells of the microtumors were similar to those of the ENP, although reactive astrocytes and microglias occurred more frequently. The labelling index was 9.6% in the central area of microtumors and 5.3% in the peripheral area. These findings suggest that in the initial or very early stages of glial cell neoplastic proliferation, it is necessary for the neoplastic cells to maintain contact with the neurons for metabolic purposes, and that after losing contact, these cells can proliferate autonomously with the accumulation of extracellular matrix.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01514.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lymph nodes of human immunodeficiency virus (HW‐infected patients were studied histologically and immuohistochemically to elucidate the pattern of involution of various histiocytes in AIDS. Specimens consisted of one node with hyperplasia, five with atrophy, and three with severe atrophy. Antibodies such as L25, ID1, My4, 12, anti‐Leu 3a, KiM4, OKT6 and anti‐S100 protein were used for identification of the histiocytes. Another antibody, VAK5, was used to demonstrate HIV antigen. T‐zone histiocytes were mildly decreased in the hyperplastic node, but considerably decreased in the atrophic nodes. My4 + sinus histiocytes were unchanged in number and enlarged in the hyperplastic node, but not decreased in the atrophic nodes. Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), defined by KiM4, were mostly depleted in the atrophic nodes. The T4 antigen was detected in some of the sinus histiocytes of the atrophic nodes. T6‐positive cells were not found in any of the nodes. HIV antigen was detected only in FDCs. It is therefore suggested that various histiocytes respond differently to HIV, and that T‐zone histiocytes and sinus histiocytes persist up to the late stage of AIDS. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 39: 49

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01515.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We analyzed the expression of common acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated antigen (CALLA) in 134 cases of non Hodgkin's lymphoma of the B cell type using an immunohistochemical method. The incidence of CALLA expression in B cell lymphomas was higher in follicular lymphomas (29%) than in diffuse lymphomas (15%). Malignant lymphoma (ML), follicular small cleaved cell (FSC) according to the histologic type, showed a considerably high incidence of CALLA (43%), whereas ML, diffuse small cleaved cell (DSC) displayed a very low incidence (5%). These findings suggest the possibility that these two morphologically similar lymphomas may be derived from distinct populations of B cells [CALLA+‐germinal center (GC) cells, CALLA−‐germinal center (GC) cells or mantle zone (MZ) cells]. In addition, one case of DSC expressed surface immunoglobulin D (SlgD) and alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) as well as CALLA. This indicates that CALLA‐positive small cleaved cell lymphoma expressing SlgD or ALPase may represent neoplastic proliferation of CALLA positive MZ cells of secondary follicles in lymph nodes. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 39: 503∼

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01516.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Specimens of human thymus and thymoma obtained from 81 patients including 22 with myasthenia gravis (MG), ranging in age from 10 weeks of gestation to 75 years were examine by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique using three different striated muscle markers: myoglobin, CPK‐mm and β‐enolase. Myoid cells ovoid or elongated in shape were distributed in the medulla and showed positive immunoreactions for myoglobin, CPK‐mm and β‐enolase by light and electron microscopy. The antigens were first detectable immunohistochemically in the fetus at the 10th week of gestation and showed a relative increase in number and varying distribution patterns with age involution in non myasthenic thy muses. In MG cases, the number of myoid cells was smaller than in non‐myasthenic cases, especially in markedly involuted thymuses. Myoid cells were occasionally observed within thymomas in areas showing medullary differentiation. Small numbers of cells showing a positive immunoreaction for β‐enolase but not for myoglobin and CPK‐mm were scattered in the area predominantly composed of epithelial cells. These cells were occasionally positive for keratin and showed desmosome‐like structures but no apparent myofilaments, suggesting that muscle‐like differentiation of epithelial cells might occur in the neoplastic process of thymoma. Acta Pathol. Jp

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eleven small primary liver lesions detected in four cirrhotic patients are reported in detail. Some lesions showed the histopathological features of macroregenerative nodules (MRN) containing foci of cellular and structural atypia or of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Other lesions showed the histological abnormalities of the early developmental stage of HCC without a background of MRN. Finally one lesion is described with an equivocal background between benign and malignant, containing a focus of carcinoma. All lesions presented suggest the presence of different pathways in the morphogenesis of human HCC.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Multilpe dark brown papillomatous tumors, showing some histological features of verrucous carcinoma or giant condyloma, developed mainly in the anogenital region of a Japanese woman. The tumors first appeared when she was 51 years old and annoyed her for over 20 years with several recurrences without any frank malignant trasformation, after surgery. Immunohistochemically, papillomavirus genus‐specific antigen was demonstrated only in small foci of the lesions resected at first operation. Southern blot analysis revealed human papillomavirus type 6b‐related DNA in a surgically resected specimen. The possible role of the human papillomavirus in the genesis of this unique tumor is discussed. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 39: 528∼532,

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of clear cell chondrosarcoma located in the right proximal end of the femur is presented. Radiologically, the tumor appeared as a large osteolytic lesion with mottled calcification resembling chondroblastoma. Histologically, the greater portion was made up of tumor cells with abundant clear cytoplasm and usually distinct boundaries, associated with areas of conventional chondrosarcoma. The proportion of the clear cell areas was about 60%, and they were mainly distributed along the tumor periphery. Moreover, myxoid chondrosarcoma‐like areas, a feature not previously mentioned in clear cell chondrosarcoma, were observed, occupying about 10% of the tumor area. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 39: 533∼538, 1

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We report a 16‐year‐old Japanese girl with a cystic lesion restricted to the cortical bone under the periosteum of the diaphysis of the left femur. Roentgenograms showed a long, oval translucent lesion in frontal view and an eccentric erosive lesion in lateral view. Computed tomography showed a distinct intracortical lesion. The lesion, which was exciseden bloc, measured 3×2×2 cm. The outer layer of the cortical bone was eroded eccentrically. From the margin of the eroded bone, thin fragile bony tissue and preserved periosteum extended like the roof of a dome. Multicystic structures, filled with blood, were lined with fibrous granulation and occasional giant cells. Histologically, this lesion falls within the category of aneurysmal bone cyst. However this case is of a rare type, since the lesion was relatively small, and showed a very specific intracortical location, in marked contrast to typical aneurysmal bone cyst. Additionally, this lesion is similar to so‐called subperiosteal giant cell tumor or subperiosteal osteoclasia described in the literature. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 39: 539∼

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1989.tb01521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY