摘要:

In order to clarify the anatomical lesion being responsible for the development of portal hypertension without vascular occlusion, the correlation of the grade of portal pressure elevation and the histological findings of the surgical biopsy specimens of the liver (fibrosis—11 cases, cirrhosis—24 cases and intact livers—10 cases) were examined. The liver cell size of the portal hypertension case was significantly larger than the normotensive case and the sinusoidal space of the portal hypertension case was markedly diminished. There was a close reverse correlation between the degree of sinusoidal stenosis and of portal pressure elevation. The vascular lesions of both the portal venous tree and the hepatic venous tree were minimal. These results suggested that the sinusoidal stenosis was one of the important causative anatomical lesion of portal hyperte

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00787.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The infrastructure of a transplantable, pituitary tumor secreting growth hormone and prolactin has been studied from 1 to 5 weeks of growth. The tumor is a chromophobic cell carcinoma with multiple necrotic areas and numerous atypical mitoses. Invasion into surrounding muscle and skin is seen. Only one type of parenchymal cell could be identified in the tumor despite the production of two different hormones. The cell appeared metabolically active having a well‐developed Golgl apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum and numerous polyribosomes. Very few granules were occasionally present in the cytoplasm. Numerous atypical mitoses along with a slight polymorphism of nucleus were observable. Early degenerative changes appeared in the nucleus or cytoplasm of some cells near the periphery of some necrotic areas of tumor. With the nucleus, heterochromatln exhibited periodic margination, enchromat‐in occupying the center of the nucleus. In the cytoplasm of other cells, a sparslty of cytoplasmic organelles was obser

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00788.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The formation of organ‐specific serum antibodies can be induced by the immunization of animals with Insoluble lipoproteins of various tissues. The present study was carried out with an aim in purifying and analyzing the active component of insoluble lipoprotein preparation. Among various organs, the thyroid gland was found to be the most appropriate material. Lipoprotein particle obtained from either human or bovine thyroid gland contained about 3% lipid and its protein component has a precipitating antigenic activity. The presence of the particle in cellular membranes can be demonstrated by the peroxidase‐antibody techni

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00789.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Intracortical nodules in the zona fasciculata of rat adrenal glands were studied electron microscopically and histochemically. The nodules were classified into the following three types. A) Hyperplastic small cell type having numerous elongated mitochondria with vesicular cristae. Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased in this type of nodule. B) Hypertrophic large cell type having well developed smooth‐surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and occasionally forming a characteristic feature of fenestrated cisterna. Histochemical activity of steroid 3/3‐ol dehydrogenase was increased. These morphological appearances suggest that this type of nodule has a greater capacity for steroid synthesis. C) Lipid droplet type having many mitochondria containing lamellar cristae and intramltochondrial deposits often found near large lipid vacuoles. The activity of secondary alcohol dehydrogenase was generally increased.Structural and cellular relationships among these three types of nodule and the pathogenesis of cortical adenomatous nodule were also discus

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00790.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Donryu rats were injected into the right common carotid artery with Yoshida ascites hepatoma AH 7974 cells and two hundred serial ultra‐thin sections of six small perivascular metastatic nodules of the cerebral cortex were examined under the electron microscope. The nodules were 30 to 68 μ in diameter and consisted of 6 to 12 tumor cells. The capillaries in these metastases were closely surrounded by the tumor cells and perivascular astrocytes were lost. Most of the tumor cells were light and swollen, with only a few dark tumor cells. Pinocytic vesicles were prominent in the tumor cell cytoplasmic projections which were in direct contact with capillary basement membranes and macrophages. Lysosomes could hardly be seen in the tumor cells. At the periphery of the metastatic nodules, several macrophages with prominent phago‐lysosomes were identified. Endothelial mitosis was found in only a larger metastasis.The findings indicate that most hepatoma cells in the early perivascular metastatic nodules are degenerative, and that the lysosomal enzymes and phagocytosis of tumor cells play only a small role in the destruction of the host tissues. The main response of the host in early metastasis is the appearance of macrophages at the periphery. Endothelial mitosis does not occur until metastases grow to a certain

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00791.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An attempt to clarify the role of surface charge on cell membrane was performed on two cell types, phagocytic (rat peritoneal macrophage) and non‐phagocytic cells (Ehrlich ascites tumor cell). The electrophore‐tic mobility of both cells was remarkably reduced by the treatment with protamine sulfate, and diminished considerably by the increase of ionic strength in electrophoretic medium. Both cells were aggregated into small clumps in varying size by the treatment with protamine sulfate. Such a decrease of negative electric charge density on the cell surface resulted in active phagocytosis. Even in non‐phagocytic cells phagocytosis occurred after the treatment with protamine sulfate. In contrast, no significant difference in phagocytic activity was observed between chondroitin sulfate‐treated and untreated cells. Under the electron microscope the cells of both types incubated in the medium with the addition of protamine sulfate showed numerous bizarre and irregular cytoplasmic projections, while no particular feature was observed after treatment with chondroitin sulfate. In protamine sulfate‐treated cells, many particulate substances were usually found attaching to the cell membrane. In the medium without ionic substance, particle attachment on the cell surface was hardly observed in the cells of both types. Therefore it was strongly suggested that the electric charge density on the cell surface was at least one of the factors responsible for the attachment of the particle to

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00792.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the course of cell transformation by SV40 the cell membrane undergoes changes, which in turn cause its surface negatively charged, and decrease markedly the phagocytosis of negatively charged substances. The study of the relationship between such transformed cells and allo‐genous hamster red cells as well as lymphocytes has revealed that the rates of adhesion to and ingestion of native cells by the transformed cell, which recognizes the former as self, are low. However, when such native cells are previously treated with half saturated ammonium sulfate and 2.5% glutaraldehyde there occurs a change in the charge of cell membrane and a marked phagocytosis is triggered. In such an instance, when L cells are coated with non‐immune albumin or immune sera (anti‐RBC‐rabbit sera) the phagocytosis is inhibited, but the phagocytosis of transformed cell remains unchanged. The phagocytosis of transformed cells can be inhibited by Concanavalin A treatment of transformed cells and fixed RBC, while be blocking the surface antigen the phagocytosis is enhanced. Therefore, it can be said that the cell recognition of self or non‐self by cancer cell depends upon changes in the cell surface of both cell groups, in other words, upon the changes in cell surface charge due to molecular arc

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00793.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The newborns, less than 24 hours old, of C57BL/kg/day) was studied in rats which were kept either on a standard laboratory diet, or on a diet containing a large amount of fat (40%) and cholesterol (5%). PDC significantly increased the lactate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on a standard diet, and the malate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on high‐fat diet.6 strain mice and Morlyamaso strain rats received a single subcutaneous Injection of cycasin (0.5 mg/kg/day) was studied in rats which were kept either on a standard laboratory diet, or on a diet containing a large amount of fat (40%) and cholesterol (5%). PDC significantly increased the lactate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on a standard diet, and the malate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on high‐fat diet.g body weight In mice, 0.2 mg and 0.5 mg/g body weight In rats), and effects of cycasin on the retina were studied. Rosette formations were seen after the necrosis of cells in the neuroblasts layer. Especially, In rats treated with a large dose of cycasin, retinal hemorrhage from the choroid completely arrested the differentiation to each layer in the retina and resulted In its severe disorder. These changes were considered to belong to the same category as necrotic damage in the external granular layer of the cerebellum induced by cyca

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00794.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Morphologic change of the myocardium of the dog were observed in oligemic and normovolemic shock produced by Wiggers' standard method.Subendocardial hemorrhages, usually superficial and located mostly in the ventricular aspect of the septum, were remarkable in the normovolemic shock group, but rare in the oligemic shock group. The zonal lesion appeared in the early period of oligemic shock becoming more apparent with lapse of time. Ultrastructural studies revealed some differences of the findings of the zonal lesion between oligemic and normovolemic shock. In oligemic shock, the zonal lesion was identical to the supercontraction of myofilaments and dislocation of mitochondria. Supercontraction of myofibrils was usually unilateral, and herniation of damaged myocytes was frequently noticed in the unilateral lesion. In the normovolemic shock, supercontracted areas near the intercalated disc were usually stretched and the myofilaments became irregular in arrangement. In addition, the accumulation of glycogen granules and presence of clear flocculent areas were observed in the cytoplasm of some myocardial cells.Cell edema, swelling and destruction of mitochondria and contraction bands were found in the damaged myocyte, especially in the terminal stage of normovolemic shock. Swelling of the capillary endothelial cell was already observed in the early period of oligemic shock. In addition, the pathogenesis of the zonal lesion and the mechanism of cardiac depression in hemorrhagic shock were discussed.

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00795.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hypertrophied muscle cells of the right ventricles obtained from 12 patients with congential malformation of the heart (VSD, TF, A‐V canal and AASV) have been studied by electron microscope.The process of hypertrophy of cardiac muscle cells was almost identical among these cardiac diseases.Slightly hypertrophied muscle cells are characterized by the significant increase of electron lucent cytoplasmic area containing numerous free ribosomes. As the muscle cells become more hypertrophied, synthesis of myofilaments is frequently observed in the subsarcolemmal and Interfibrillar cytoplasmic regions rich in free ribosomes. Numerous dense granules, 150 to 400 mμin diameter, are noticed with Intimate relation to the well developed Golgi complex and a few elements of rough‐surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. In the markedly hypertrophied muscle cells, the total volume of the contractile elements and the number of mitochondria are conspicuously increased. The central sarcoplasmic core of these cells is expansively extended and contains numerous mitochondria. The synthesis of myofilaments is not recognized in this stage. The appearance of lipofuscin pigments and the enlargement of the nucleus are already noticed in the early period of muscle hypertr

ISSN:1320-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1973.tb00796.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY