摘要:

Advances in blood donor screening have advanced the concept that a zero-risk blood supply may be possible in the future. Although the application of a large number of serologic tests and more stringent donor questioning has certainly aided our ability to screen out donors, risks still remain. In this article, the literature on some transfusion transmitted diseases is reviewed.

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Thrombopoietin is a hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates megakaryopoiesis. Recent results indicate that thrombopoietin has multilineage hematopoietic effects both in vitro and in vivo. Clinical studies of thrombopoietin have begun, and are reviewed.

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Until recently, it had been thought that Fanconi anemia patients were distributed into five complementation groups. However, evidence now points to the existence of three new complementation groups, making the genetic basis of the disease more complicated than anticipated. Also, during the past year, the cloning of a second Fanconi anemia gene by both functional complementation and positional cloning has accelerated research of this disease. Although two genes of the eight characterized complementation groups have now been cloned, the function of their gene products still needs to be identified.

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of septic arthritis or osteomyelitis in children has become more streamlined in recent years. C-reactive protein appears to be a better laboratory study than sedimentation rate in the diagnosis of bone or joint infection and in monitoring a patient's clinical response to antibiotics. Oral antibiotics may be rapidly substituted for intravenous antibiotics in patients who have a identifiable sensitive organism, who show rapid clinical improvement, and who show rapid normalization of C-reactive protein. The physician must remain alert for resistant organisms, highly virulent organisms (post-varicella streptococcal infections) and rare organisms.

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Infants are born with flexible flatfeet, and the normal arch develops in the first decade of life. Flexible flatfeet rarely cause disability, and asymptomatic children should not be burdened with orthotics or corrective shoes. Flexible flatfeet with tight heelcords may become symptomatic and can be addressed with a stretching program. Surgical intervention for flexible flatfeet is reserved for patients who have persistent localized symptoms despite conservative care. Rigid or pathologic flatfeet have multiple etiologies and many will require treatment to alleviate symptoms or improve function.

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Pediatric spinal deformity is a common problem facing the pediatrician and orthopedic surgeon. Most commonly seen is idiopathic scoliosis. Early diagnosis and treatment are important. Although the etiology of idiopathic scoliosis remains unclear, there continues to be a search for genetic markers and studies for the modes of inheritance. Idiopathic scoliosis is more clearly understood recently and is recognized as a complex three-dimensional deformity. Prognostic indicators for juvenile scoliosis have been identified. Surgical management of idiopathic scoliosis continues to evolve, and now a thoracoscopic endoscopic technique is available. Long-term follow-up has demonstrated generally satisfactory results with spinal fusion surgery. Other syndromes such as Klippel-Feil, familial dysautonomia, and Marfan syndrome demonstrate high rates of scoliotic deformities. Most are unresponsive to bracing and most often require surgical intervention. Although primary spinal neoplasms are uncommon, most are benign, and outcomes are generally satisfactory.

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Bone cysts are commonly encountered clinical problems in the pediatric age group. The most common types of cysts are the unicameral and aneurysmal bone cysts. These benign lesions vary in their aggressiveness, clinical behavior and treatment. Both of these lesions are poorly understood in terms of their etiology, but effective treatment exists. These lesions represent a source of great consternation to both clinicians and families, for they weaken the bone and may be confused with malignant lesions. This review will focus on the two most commonly encountered cystic lesions in the pediatric population.

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Leg lengthening techniques, imported from Russia and Europe, have developed during the past 10 years in North America and have matured to become an accepted method of treating leg length discrepancy. The use of these techniques for stature lengthening in dwarfism is somewhat less widespread. A review of published reports indicates a maturation in the field of leg lengthening, with more focused studies on larger cohorts of patients having the same pathology. Longterm follow-up studies are forthcoming, and there is still extensive room for basic research. Precise indications and limits for lengthening in femoral hypoplasia and fibular hemimelia are unclear, and await additional reporting. Future research needs to include outcome studies, hardware improvements, implantable lengthening devices, and a better understanding of the basic science behind lengthening of both bone and soft tissues.

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8703    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID