摘要:

AbstractThe first 168 items of Form R of the MMPI, when scored by keys from The Psychological Corporation, have been used widely as a short form. Most Form R scoring keys from the National Computer Systems, Inc. increase the number of scored items on scales F, D, PA, and SC of the MMPI‐168. For these scales, estimates of corresponding full‐scale scores should be obtained by applying the conversion equations of Ward (1980) rather than the earlier transformations of Overall and associa

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<846::AID-JCLP2270440602>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study investigated the psychological characteristics of men and women convicted of domestic homicide. Demographic information and MMPIs were collected from women (n= 16) and men (n= 20) convicted of murdering their partners and men (n= 19) convicted of murdering strangers during the course of a crime. Analyses of variance indicated that women had significantly higher elevations on MMPI scales PA and SI than both groups of men, while men convicted of murdering strangers had higher elevations of scale MA than men convicted of domestic murder. These findings suggest different patterns of psychopathology among homicide offenders depending on the offender's relationship to the victim. Results are discussed with reference to previous research on domestic murderers and female offenders.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<847::AID-JCLP2270440603>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated the reliability and validity of the short form Beck Depression Inventory with older adults. Sixty‐one clinically depressed older outpatients and 57 non‐patient older volunteers comprised the sample. The patient group completed the BDI prior to and at completion of depression treatment. Estimates of internal reliability suggest that the short form BDI possesses adequate Spearman‐Brown and alpha coefficients. Congruent validity estimates were less satisfactory, as the correlation between the BDI and the HRSD was statistically significant, but low. Criterion group validity, diagnostic sensitivity, and sensitivity to change estimates were all acceptable. Thus, the short form BDI is adequately reliable to suggest its use as a research and clinical tool with older adults, although further study of the instrument's validity is n

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<853::AID-JCLP2270440604>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudents in Introductory Psychology (N= 75) were administered the Narcissism‐Projective (N‐P), which asks subjects to describe two TAT cards and two early childhood memories. Protocols were scored using criteria adapted from the DSM‐III section that describes the narcissistic personality disorder. On the basis of these ratings, the high and low narcissists (N= 16) were chosen for further study. These subjects were interviewed by an experienced clinician who was unaware of their performance on the N‐P. The interviewer rated each subject as either a high or low narcissist. After the interview, the subject was administered the Narcissistic Personality inventory (NPI). Results indicate a statistically significant relationship between the interview assessment of narcissism and the N‐P (p<0.01), the NPI (p<0.05), and the NPI factor of self‐absorption/self‐admiration (p<0.05). The limitations and implicaions of these data are discussed. It is concluded that both measures demonstrate promise as instruments useful in the rigorous scientific investigation of significant clinical and theoretical issues related

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<857::AID-JCLP2270440605>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study examined the utility of the MCMI as a provider of DSM‐III Axis I diagnostic hypotheses with a heterogeneous psychiatric inpatient population. Participants represented 31 consecutive referrals made to the psychology department for a clinical and/or diagnostic assessment from a psychiatric rehabilitation unit. Three independent diagnoses derived from the MCMI, a structured interview (DIS), and an unstructured psychiatric interview were obtained for each participant. The percentage agreement between the two criterion diagnoses was 54.8%. Agreement between the MCMI and criterion diagnoses was, at best, 15% for those cases that had an Axis I diagnosis. These findings are in keeping with past research and support the contention that the MCMI is not a useful tool in generating clinically correct or meaningful DSM‐III Axis I diagnostic hypothe

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<867::AID-JCLP2270440606>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA confirmatory factor analysis of an internally consistent compound measure of social support is presented for a volunteer sample of 740 low‐income, predominantly single, young mothers. Five factors with eigenvalues greater than one emerged and accounted for 55% of the variance. The convergent validity of the empirically identified factors of estrangement, confidant, shorterm help, support/encouragement, and crisis intervention was explored through intercorrelations with five variables theoretically related to familty and child well being. Level of depressive symptomology correlated most significantly and consistently with low levels of social support. The results of the analysis are discussed in light of previous psychometric analyses of comparable measure of social support and what is known of the coping response of young mothers to stres

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<876::AID-JCLP2270440607>3.0.CO;2-O

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe MMPI was administered in either Spanish or English to 450 Anglo or Mexican‐Americans matched for sex and age. All 150 Anglo‐Americans were tested in English, while half the 300 Mexican‐Americans were tested in Spanish and the other half in English. A multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant age, sex, and language/ethnicity differences. Univariate analyses of variance demonstrated that Mexican‐Americans tested in Spanish scored significantly higher than either Anglos or Mexican‐Americans tested in English on 10 MMPI scales. Mexican‐Americans tested in English, however, scored higher than Anglos on only one scale. Results are interpreted in terms of cultural differences with test language the primary determinant of level of ac

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<891::AID-JCLP2270440608>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn oblique, five‐factor model of a modified Halstead‐Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery is presented. One hundred fifty‐one neuropsychiatric inpatients (94 men, 57 women) were examined on 44 neuropsychological indices. Five correlated dimensions (r̄ = 0.25), viz., Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, Sensory‐attention, Primary Motor, and Tactile‐spatial abilities, were identified by maximum likelihood factor analyses of this correlation matrix. These findings are quite similar to those reported earlier by Fowler, Richards, Berent, and Boll (1985, 1987) and Royce, Yeudall, and Bock (1976). The factors may be broadly categorized using the distinction made by Lezak (1983) for verbal, nonverbal, and mental activity variables. MANOV As revealed systematic relationships between simple‐weighted factor scores and: (1) the overall level of cognitive functioning (p<0.01), as well as (2) psychiatric diagnosis (p<0.01). Implications of these findings for understanding the impact of neuropsychiatric disorders on the structure of abilities for such patients a

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<898::AID-JCLP2270440609>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough sex differences in cognitive abilities have been reported in the experimental literature, there has been a paucity of information about how men and women might perform differently on clinical neuropsychological tests. The present study examines sex differences in verbal learning. Sixtyeight men and 68 women of equal age and education were administered the California Verbal Learning Test. Dependent variables included measures of recall, recognition, learning characteristics, and error types. Women displayed consistently higher levels of immedite and delayed free recall and made greater use of semantic clustering. There were no sex differences on recognition testing or error types. Results suggest that women's superior recall is attributable to better retrieval, which, in turn, is related to their greater use of verbally mediated strategies. This study highlights the importance of investigating sex differences on clinical instruments and reporting separate sex norms when appropriate.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<907::AID-JCLP2270440610>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA fundamental problem in the assessment of dementia is the brief, but adequate measurement of intellectual impairment. We evaluated 82 demented patients of heterogeneous etiology with 21 neuropsychological tests. Factor analysis identified five deficit domains among the tests: verbal ability, visuospatial ability, verbal memory, orientation, and concentration. One test was selected from each domain to form a Brief Battery for Dementia (BBD), which was used to explore the relationship between deficit patterns and disease characteristics. The pattern of deficits among the five tests altered with increasing disease severity: Logical Memory (a test of verbal memory) was severely impaired in the earliest stages, while tests of verbal concept formation, perceptual organization, and orientation declined more slowly. This battery discriminated between demented and normal subjects, with a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 97%. Disease severity appeared to be a primary determinant of degree, number, and pattern of deficits in dementing disorders and may be an important factor that modulates the apparent discriminating power of intellectual tests.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198811)44:6<916::AID-JCLP2270440611>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY