摘要:

AbstractBehavioral similarities between antisocial behavior disorders and frontallobe cerebral impairment have led to suggestions that conduct disorders are attributable to disinhibition deficit associated with frontal‐lobe cerebral functions. This study compared the performance of 21 conduct disorder adolescents on measures of cognitive processes associated with frontal‐lobe functions with that of a matched comparison sample. Conduct disorder adolescents performed more poorly on measures sensitive to frontal‐lobe dysfunction (conceptual perseveration, poorly sustained attention, impaired sequencing on memory and motor tasks), but not on non‐frontal‐lobe specific cognitive measures. Although the findings support a neurobehavioral explanation of antisocial behavior as a product of cerebral disinhibition, caution is urged in overinterpreting causal relationships through neurobehavi

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<696::AID-JCLP2270460602>3.0.CO;2-#

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis investigation posited that impairment in the delay of gratification is an etiological factor in anorexia nervosa that differentiates between bulimic anorexic and restricting anorexic subgroups. Forty‐eight women aged 18‐32 served as subjects. Among subjects aged 18–29, restricting anorexics scored significantly higher than bulimic anorexics on delay. Treatment implications indicate that restricting anorexics would benefit from intervention designed to decrease impulse control, while bulimic anorexics would benefit from intervention designed to increase delaying cap

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<706::AID-JCLP2270460603>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSuicidal behavior among Vietnam veterans with chronic Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was evaluated. Sixty chronic PTSD vets admitted to a Specialized PTSD Unit were divided into two groups based on the presence of suicidal behavior: 29 patients in a Suicide Group and 31 in a Non‐suicide Group. Subjects were evaluated on symptoms, psychometric measures, military variables, adjustment factors, and pre‐military parental patterns of discipline. Results showed that the Suicide Group possessed problems in paternal child‐rearing patterns, current adjustment difficulties, and the PTSD symptoms of survival guilt and crying. In a regression analysis, paternal inconsistency of love, survivor guilt, and tendency to cry, in addition to age and sex, accounted for the significant variance of suicidal b

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<713::AID-JCLP2270460604>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study compared the different patterns of stress reported by mothers of children with either a chronic physical illness (cystic fibrosis), a chronic psychological disorder (autism), and children without a physical or psychological disorder. Twenty‐four mothers from each of these three groups completed the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress Short Form (Holroyd&Guthrie, 1986). Each clinical group exhibited different patterns of stressful response consistent with the nature of the disorder and the requirements of care imposed on the families. Autism was found to contribute significantly more to family stress than did cystic fibrosis. The number of children in the family was not a significant variable. Implications for the development of family intervention programs are discusse

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<722::AID-JCLP2270460605>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlexithymia is thought to be a trait that predisposes individuals to psychosomatic and drug abuse disorders. It was hypothesized that alexithymic characteristics would lead an individual to augment stimuli in order to prevent ignoring stimuli that might be dangerous. Subjects (N= 175) were administered alexithymia and augmenting‐reducing questionnaires. These concepts were related as expected for male, but not female, subjects. In addition, it was found that alexithymic characteristics in general, rather than a specific difficulty in discriminating physical and emotional stimuli, contributed to this relationshi

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<730::AID-JCLP2270460606>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred and seventy‐eight home‐bound elderly men and women participated in an investigation of death and dying concerns and coping responses used to deal with these anxieties. A semi‐structured interview procedure was used to obtain responses from the subjects. The data subsequently were subjected to two factor analyses. The resulting factors from the interview and checklist responses of the elderly showed three major categories of elderly subjects' fears, which consisted of factors of (1) physical pain and suffering; (2) risk to personal safety; and (3) threat to self‐esteem and the uncertainty of life beyond death. The four major categories of their coping responses consisted of factors related to internal self‐control, social support, prayer, and preoccupation with objects of a

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<737::AID-JCLP2270460607>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe self‐reports of a sample of 248 male psychiatric patients on the MCMI‐II (Millon, 1987) were factor analyzed at the item level. Principal components analyses with both Varimax and Direct Oblimin rotations were carried out separately on 120 personality disorder items and 51 clinical symptom items. As judged by the scree test, seven factors accounted for the personality disorder items, and five factors accounted for the symptom items. The personality disorder factors were interpreted as Schizotypal, Social Introversion vs. Extraversion, Conformity, Submissive vs. Aggressive, Antisocial, Narcissism, and Hostile Aggression. The symptom factors were hypothesized to represent Depression/Anxiety, Alcohol Dependence, Suicidal Ideation, Hypomania, and Drug Dependence. Agreement with a similar analysis of the MCMI‐I was

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<749::AID-JCLP2270460608>3.0.CO;2-B

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSubjects from a correctional inmate (94 incarcerated males with no history of psychiatric treatment) and a forensic inpatient (144 males and 7 females) setting were divided into distorted and nondistorted groups based on “fake bad” instructions and concurrent MMPI profiles. All subjects also were administered the MCMI. Significant differences were found between groups for MCMI profile validity, weight factor scores, and total profile correction scores. MCMI profiles were consistent with expected symptomatology, test design, and previous research. Results suggest that MCMI weight factor scores may be valuable indicators of symptom distortion in otherwise valid profiles in forensic settings. Results also indicated that the diagnostic accuracy of MCMI reports may vary greatly in relation to clinical population, symptom prevalence, and diagnostic categ

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<755::AID-JCLP2270460609>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe MCMI‐II profiles of 40 psychiatric inpatients admitted for suicidal ideation and 40 patients admitted for a suicide attempt were compared. Subjects in each group were matched on sex, history of previous attempts, and other demographic variables. While the results indicate very few differences between the MCMI‐II profiles of these two groups of patients, suicide attemptors scored significantly higher on Scale Y (Desirability), which suggests greater tendencies toward denial of problem areas. Patients with suicidal ideation yielded a mean profile with elevations on Scale 2 (Avoidant), 8A (Passive‐Aggressive), 8B (Self‐Defeating), C (Borderline), D (Dysthymia), and Z (Debasement). These results are discussed in terms of a stress‐vulnerability model of suicidal behavior with suggestions made for expanding on the findings in futur

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<764::AID-JCLP2270460610>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 2 × 2 × 3 MANOVA was applied to MCMI BR scores obtained from 310 newly admitted psychiatric inpatients. The study's purpose was to test the effect of patients' age (age= 36), race (White/Black), and diagnosis (paranoid schizophrenic/nonparanoid schizophrenic/nonpsychotic, nonaffectively disturbed) across MCMI personality and clinical syndrome scales. On the MCMI personality syndrome scales, age, race, and diagnosis were significant. Racial differences were consistent with recently reported research (Davis, Greenblatt,&Pochyly, 1990), but the significant differences in diagnosis were opposite the direction that might be predicted from the MCMI manual. Older patients tended to produce lower symptom scale scores than younger patients, with the most meaningful difference found on the Drug Abuse scal

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199011)46:6<770::AID-JCLP2270460611>3.0.CO;2-I

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY