摘要:

AbstractThis study employed a modified Rotter Level of Aspiration (LOA) task to assess parents' goal setting for their children. The sample of 64 children (ages 6 to 13) and their 128 parents contained 16 triads from each of four groups: Asthmatic, asthma sibling, diabetic, and normal. Parents indicated their own goals for their children and could influence the goals that the children set for themselves. Aspects of general family functioning also were assessed. Mothers of asthmatic children showed no significant goal setting differences from comparison mothers. These mothers were less, rather than more, controlling, and there was no support for the theory that mothers of asthmatic children are narcissistically over controlling. Fathers of asthmatics were more rigid and less accommodating in their goal setting, and fathers of all chronically ill children had higher LOAs than did control fathers.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<587::AID-JCLP2270410502>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study replicated a previous investigation that compared a global measure of life change events (the Schedule of Recent Experience) with a restricted negative measure of such events (the Life Experience Survey) in association with self‐reported anxiety and depressive symptomatology (N= 84). With appropriate sampling methods and data analysis by gender, the previous finding of the superiority of the negative events measure was not supported. The pattern of inconsistent findings for both measures suggests the need for utilizing semi‐structured intervi

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<598::AID-JCLP2270410503>3.0.CO;2-M

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study generated and assessed an empirical taxonomy of symptom profiles or types in a nonclinical population. Three hundred and thirty men and women who recently had separated from their marital partners were interviewed and completed a variety of instruments. Cluster analysis of factors derived from one such instrument, a symptom checklist, yielded a provisional classification of respondents into nine types. The latter were examined for differences in socio‐economic characteristics as well as several variables suggested in the literature to predict or help explain symptom formation: Feelings of control, self‐concept, social stressors, and current morale. Results indicated three types to be relatively well off despite the potentially stressful conditions inherent in divorce. The Overwhelmed and the Somatic depressives, in contrast, demonstrated multiple signs of dysfunction. The findings indicate the value of applying empirical classification procedures to at‐risk populations in the comm

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<601::AID-JCLP2270410504>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred and twenty patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia (mean age 38.2 years; 73 women, 47 men) were evaluated by means of 13 systems for diagnosing schizophrenia. The sample included only patients classified as schizophrenic by at least one system. Data analyses indicated that the number of systems that diagnosed patients as schizophrenic (i.e., a variable that ranged from one to 13 points) was larger for persons who suffered from their symptoms in a more chronic manner (r= .47), were more frequently diagnosed as schizophrenic in hospitals in the past (r= .44), were more frequently hospitalized before (r= .31), and whose last hospitalization was more recent (r= .24). They were also less likely to be presently employed in higher‐ranking positions (r= .32) and to own a house (r= .32

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<614::AID-JCLP2270410505>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree‐person groups (N= 24) dedicated to addressing assertion deficits common to their (female) members were so composed that one member (a confederate) consistently enacted one of four prescribed conditions: (1) personal warmth/success in changing; (2) personal warmth/failure to change; (3) lack of warmth/success in changing; and (4) lack of warmth/failure to change. Both confederate warmth and success modeling influenced the level of assertion change behavior reported by group members. These results confirm propositions based on clinical observations that therapeutic groups benefit measurably by the presence of one or more “warmth generators” and “success models.” The results also suggest that while group members are influenced to effect change by success modeling, they tend to attribute this influence to confederate warmth. In addition, they tend to attribute success in changing to warm persons and failure to change to persons who are lacking

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<620::AID-JCLP2270410506>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMMPI responses obtained from a large random sample of mid western adults who were 18 through 99 years old and had no physically or mentally handicapping condition yielded a pattern significantly different from the pattern of the original norms. From these data, two new kinds of normative tables have been developed: Norms that reflect, for each sex, the response pattern of the general adult population, and a set of tables, separate for each sex, that allow comparisons to be based on age. In addition, the traditional scoring procedures based on a linear transformation that maintains any underlying skewness of the raw score distribution has been replaced by procedures that yield normalized T scores. The changes that are apparent at the item and scale level are also evident in the frequency with which certain 1‐and 2‐point codes occur in normal and clinical samples. These changes are apt to make our interpretive statements more meaningful because they are based on contemporary no

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<629::AID-JCLP2270410507>3.0.CO;2-B

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents findings with regard to social desirability confounding on Beck's Hopelessness Scale (Beck, Weissman, Lester,&Trexler, 1974). Data from 60 suicidal and nonsuicidal psychiatric inpatients were examined in terms of the correlations between hopelessness scores and suicidality. Controlling for social desirability, as measured by the Marlowe‐rowne Scale (Crowne&Marlowe, 1964), did not affect this correlation substantially, nor did use of SD scores in a discriminant analysis improve accuracy of classification into severely suicidal and nonsuicidal groups. These results are in contrast with similar studies (e.g., Linehan&Nielsen, 1981) that used the Edwards SD scale. However, regression analysis of the MCSD scale using subscales of the Irrational Beliefs Test (Jones, 1969) raises the question as to whether the MCSD scale indeed is measuring SD, as opposed to some aspect or aspects of psychological adjustmen

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<634::AID-JCLP2270410508>3.0.CO;2-M

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present research employed a total of 479 subjects in three studies to develop and initially validate a random response scale for the Child Abuse Potential Inventory. Preliminary norm and reliability estimates are reported (Study One). Cross‐validation (Study Two) and construct validity (Study Three) data are provided that indicate that the random response scale is stable across groups and can discriminate normal responders from those instructed to respond in a random, haphazard manne

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<639::AID-JCLP2270410509>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany psychologists have been interested in the development of a screening battery for cerebral dysfunction. The purpose of the present study was to identify a short screening battery, drawn from the Halstead‐Reitan Battery, that had a high degree of accuracy in differential identification of brain damaged and normal children. Fifty brain‐damaged children and 50 controls (age 9‐14 years) were identified and subdivided into two groups of 25 children in each category. The data based on the first pair of groups (25 brain‐damaged and 25 control children) were processed with a discriminant analysis with linear transformation of the results, and a weighted screening index was developed based on eight measures. This screening index had an accuracy rate of 92% in differentiating the brain‐damaged subjects from the controls. The screening index then was applied to the validational groups (25 brain‐damaged and 25 normal children), and an 86% accuracy rate was achieved. Computation of the screening index, which requires less than an hour of testing, is illustrated in

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<643::AID-JCLP2270410510>3.0.CO;2-A

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNormative neuropsychological data are provided from a sample of 365, recruited from a nonclinical population. The sample was divided evenly between males and females, although males were somewhat overly represented in the youngest group, and females were somewhat overly represented in the oldest group. The measures included the Trail Making Test, Seashore Rhythm Test, Finger Tapping, Grooved Pegboard, and Dynamometer. The limited number of measures was a result of the time available to study each subject. Normative data were stratified by sex, age, and educational level. The present data were discussed in relationship to previous normative studies and also in the context of the need for additional normative studies.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<651::AID-JCLP2270410511>3.0.CO;2-C

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY