摘要:

AbstractThis study comparatively evaluated the prognostic potential of 10 demographic and clinical factors previously associated with psychiatric outcome. The longitudinal design employed intensive, structured, reliable interview techniques. One hundred forty‐five subjects from a representative sample (N= 217) of community mental health catchment area first lifetime admissions were assessed at hospitalization and at 2‐year follow‐up. Predictors examined included premorbid functioning, overall health‐sickness, diagnostic severity, social class, sex, age, IQ, race, and life events. Outcome was assessed multidimensionally with absolute‐level and residualized indices of functioning and symptomatology. Phillips Premorbid Status and social class emerged from correlation and multiple regression analyses as the best predictors of functioning level and overall clinical status, while IQ was the most prominent indicator of symptomatology changes. Results support the notion that a general social competence factor predicts to psychiatric outcome across the entire spectrum of severe

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<119::AID-JCLP2270460202>3.0.CO;2-1

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAs part of the Leicester/DHSS project on microcomputer‐aided assessment, 274 patients at five clinical sites were assessed with either a computerized version or the standard version of the Mill Hill Vocabulary (Synonyms) test. Of this group, 178 were retested on the alternative version of the test. Similarly, 184 patients were tested with either a computerized version or the standard version of the Standard Progressive Matrices test, of whom 129 were retested on the alternative test form. High correlations were found between the standard and computerized versions for both tests. For the Mill Hill Vocabulary test, no significant difference was found between test versions for first administration, and the vast majority of retested subjects had very similar scores on each version. On the Standard Progressive Matrices, however, subjects obtained significantly lower scores on the computerized test. It is concluded that whereas the computerized Mill Hill Vocabulary test could be used in place of the standard version of clinical settings, the computerized Standard Progressive Matrices test could not be use

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<129::AID-JCLP2270460203>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study reports a study of a Spanish translation of Form A of the Whitaker Index of Schizophrenic Thinking (WIST) administered to 104 Mexican subjects: 40 schizophrenic (20 acute and 20 chronic) and 64 nonschizophrenic (10 nonschizophrenic hospitalized, 10 alcoholics, and 44 normals). A multiple regression analysis was carried out in order to evaluate the existing relation between each of the MMPI and WIST forms. The results suggest that this translation effectively discriminates between schizophrenics and nonschizophrenics on the WIST Total Score, Time, and Index. A cut‐off of 23 on the WIST Index correctly identified 79% of the total subjects. The WIST, as well as the MMPI, separately detects in a reliable way schizophrenic subjects, but the correlation between the Index of the WIST and the MMPI 8 or schizophrenia scale by itself is not significan

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<140::AID-JCLP2270460204>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRobert Jay Lifton has originated a comprehensive theory of development based on the human psychobiological need to symbolize death and life continuity. He calls this condition the sense of symbolic immortality and argues that life is threatened whenever death is not transcended. A Sense of Symbolic Immortality Scale was built and administered to two groups of young adults (N= 136) in order to test the hypothesis that symbolic immortality develops with age (Drolet, 1986). Templer's Death Anxiety Scale and Crumbaugh and Maholick's Purpose in Life Test also were administered. Results show that established adults have a sense of symbolic immortality and a purpose in life significantly stronger than those of young adults. They show a negative relation between death anxiety and purpose in life, while purpose in life correlates highly with the sense of symbolic immortality. Finally, the premise that the sense of symbolic immortality helps cope with the fear of death is supported.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<148::AID-JCLP2270460205>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe question was addressed how well mental health professionals were able to translate diagnostic formulations into ICD‐9‐CM codes. This was done with three coder groups and under two conditions. It was found that there was insufficient interrater agreement on the ICD‐codes in all groups and conditions. This finding then was related to the inadequacies of the ICD‐system itself. It was concluded that current mental health statistics that are based on the ICD‐9‐CM coding system are without scien

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<161::AID-JCLP2270460206>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPositive and negative a priori symptom scales were operationalized with the BPRS and the NOSIE. Acutely and consecutively admitted psychiatric patients (N= 247) were rated with these scales. Research questions dealt with the psychometric properties of the scales. It was found that the positive symptom scales had sufficient internal consistency; the negative scales did not. Diagnostic groups could be distinguished better with the positive symptom (PS) than with the negative symptom (NS) scales. The outcome of this research suggests that the positive and negative symptoms distinction is less meaningful in cross‐sectional research, in which acute patients are rated, than in longitudinal researc

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<168::AID-JCLP2270460207>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 2 × 2 × 2 MANOVA was used to anlayze the effects of race (Black vs. White), education (high school graduate vs. less than high school education), and diagnosis (schizophrenic vs. nonschizophrenic) on the MCMI Asocial, Avoidant, Schizotypal, Psychotic Thinking, and Psychotic Delusions scales that were obtained from 310 newly admitted psychiatric patients. The scales were selected because, according to the MCMI manual (Millon, 1983), they would be most apt to show differences between the schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic patients who participated in this study. The special norms for Black and White patients provided in the MCMI manual supplement (Millon, 1984) were used to compute the scale scores for the patients in this study. Race was the only significant (p<.001) effect. Blacks scored higher than Whites on the Asocial, Avoidant, Psychotic Thinking, and Psychotic Delusions (P<.04 for all scales). The results are discussed in terms of racial bias diminishing the usefulness of the MCM

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<175::AID-JCLP2270460208>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRenal failure has both medical and psychological implications. Indeed, various psychiatric problems related to end‐stage renal disease have been reported in the literature; however, the focus has been on anxiety and depression. While previous research has dealt with the comparisons of patients with renal failure, few studies have investigated the comparison of renal patients with psychiatric and general medical patients. The present study compared renal patients (N= 24) with a group of depressed psychiatric patients (N= 24) and a group of general medical patients (N= 24) on the MMPI. The results suggested that the renal group presented a psychological profile that more closely resembled that of the depressed psychiatric group than that of patients with other chronic medical condition

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<178::AID-JCLP2270460209>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA group of 24 normal weight bulimics and 13 bulimic anorexics were compared with each other and a normal control group (n= 41) on two selfreport measures of family functioning (Family Environment Scale and Family Dynamics Survey). The two bulimic groups perceived their families as more dysfunctional than did the normal control group on the dimensions of cohesion, expressiveness, conflict, recreational orientation, emotional support, communication, and need for counseling. There were few significant differences in the family perceptions of the two bulimic groups.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<185::AID-JCLP2270460210>3.0.CO;2-B

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMemory deficits are among the most common initial complaints of patients who are suffering from neurological disorders. The present study compared the relative clinical utility of the Wechsler Memory Scale and the Luria Memory Words Test in differentiating brain‐damaged (N= 60) from nonbrain‐damaged patients (N= 60). Separate stepwise regression analyses selected five variables from each test that accounted for the greatest between‐group variance. Separate discriminant functions then were computed that used the WMS and the Luria Words variables selected through the regression analyses. The WMS correctly classified 72% of the subjects, whereas the Luria Words correctly classified 76% of the subjects. A final discriminant function was computed that used all 10 variables and resulted in a classification accuracy of 86%, with 6% false positives and 6% false negatives. Results are discussed relative to the use of each instrument in both a general psychological assessment situation and when specific memory functioning is in que

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<190::AID-JCLP2270460211>3.0.CO;2-M

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY