摘要:

AbstractA motivational theory of depression states that depression consists of low expectations and low values for rewards. This theory accurately describes one class of depression, the affective disorders. The present study tested its accuracy for another class of depression, adjustment disorder with depressed mood. This class of depression is precipitated by environmental stresses, such as chronic illness. The focus was therefore on people (N= 48) who were experiencing terminal cancer and nonterminal cancer. Results supported each prediction generated by the motivational theory. The cancer patients exhibited low expectations and low values; hence, they were un‐motivated and depressed. Implications are that some of the symptoms exhibited by cancer patients may be manifestations of negative beliefs rather than physical impairment

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<139::AID-JCLP2270410202>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sample of acutely hospitalized paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics and another sample of paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics studied at follow‐up were compared on measures of cognitive functioning, disordered thinking, and drive dominated thinking using the WAIS, the Rorschach test, the object sorting test, and an overall index of outcome functioning (N= 67). Results suggested that cognitive regression is related more to acute psychological disturbance than to the presence or absence of paranoia, that the presence of socialized drive dominated thinking during the acute phase is related to better posthospital adjustment at follow‐up, and that paranoid schizophrenics show better cognitive functioning after the acute phase. Results did not support the theory that suggests an etiological relation between homosexual conflict and paran

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<145::AID-JCLP2270410203>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMMPI profiles of Post‐traumatic Stress outpatient and newly admitted Random Psychiatric inpatient veterans are practically identical, which indicates the severity of delayed response to stress in Vietnam veterans, especially those from urban, disadvantaged environment

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<152::AID-JCLP2270410204>3.0.CO;2-3

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Spanish translation of Form A of the Whitaker Index of Schizophrenic Thinking (WIST) was administered to 50 schizophrenic (25 acute; 25 chronic) and 50 (25 = depressives; 25 = normals) nonschizophrenic residents of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Results suggest that this translation effectively discriminated between schizophrenics and non‐schizophrenics on the WIST total score, time, and index. A cut‐off of 25 on the WIST index correctly classified 98% of the schizophrenic volunte

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<157::AID-JCLP2270410205>3.0.CO;2-M

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDepressed psychiatric inpatients, nondepressed psychiatric inpatients, and nonpsychiatric controls role‐played responses to 28 standardized interpersonal situations. Judges blindly rated these responses on overall social skill and component measures, and subjects rated their own social skills. Judges rated depressed and nondepressed psychiatric patients as having significant problems in social skills compared to normals. No differences were found between the two patient groups in judges' ratings of social skill. Depressed patients rated their own recent interpersonal behavior and optimal social skills significantly lower than did subjects in the other groups. Results suggest that social skills deficits are not specific to depression and that depressives and other psychiatric groups may differ primarily in their self‐appraisals of social compete

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<162::AID-JCLP2270410206>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated the relationship between biofeedback and tension as measured by an EMG and a self‐report inventory, the Children's Personality Questionnaire (CPQ), in a sample of 37 intellectually gifted fourth‐through seventh‐graders. Results showed that indirect factors that measure tension on the CPQ were correlated significantly with biofeedback measures. Those subjects who became the most relaxed during the biofeedback training appeared the least tense on the CPQ. Contrary to these findings, the Relaxed‐Tense factor of the CPQ was correlated significantly and negatively with biofeedback measures, which indicates that subjects may not have been aware of their own tense state and thus would benefit from biofeedback t

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<169::AID-JCLP2270410207>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study compared (1) purging bulimics (those who terminate binging with self‐induced vomiting and/or excessive use of laxatives),N= 26; (2) non‐purging bulimics, N = 24; and (3) control subjects (in whom no eating problems were apparent),N= 24. These groups were examined empirically on several personality and demographic variables. Additionally, procedures were taken to control for the effects that being overweight may have had on the personality characteristics, which surprisingly has not been undertaken in previous research on bulimia. The comparison of the bulimics (purging and non‐purging bulimics grouped together) with the controls empirically confirmed former clinical observations that have linked bulimics with low self‐esteem, high anxiety, external locus of control, and a high incidence of maternal and family obesity. With regard to the comparison between the purging and non‐purging bulimics, no significant differences between them appeared on any of the dimensions exam

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<173::AID-JCLP2270410208>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe personal characteristics of 80 clients with elevated 2–4 (D‐PD) scales on their MMPIs were compared with those of 109 clients without these elevations. Clients with the 2–4 elevated were significantly more depressed, had lower self‐esteem, and were more likely to come from disturbed families. They also had poor relationships with the opposite sex, became more dependent on the therapist, and often made little improvement in therapy. In comparison to previous descriptions of hospitalized patients with similar profiles, the counseling center clients continue to function in the community and show less pathological behavior. Implications for therapy are di

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<181::AID-JCLP2270410209>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study documented the relationship among various client characteristics and client preference for therapists who exhibit intimate and nonintimate therapy styles. Seventy‐five female college students were administered in random order measures to assess their levels of social intimacy, sex role type, locus of control, therapy expectancy, and authoritarianism. The participants then watched in random order of presentation the audiovisual recordings of first therapy sessions that reflected intimate and nonintimate therapy styles. After each tape was presented, the participants completed a measure to assess their perceptions of the therapeutic relationship and a preference form. Results show that the socially intimate women have a preference for the intimate therapist. Results also show that women expect the therapist to exhibit intimate behaviors and that those who prefer this type of therapist perceive her as possessing significantly higher levels of intimacy, regard, empathy, and unconditional acceptanc

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<188::AID-JCLP2270410210>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCluster analysis and the MMPI were used together to determine whether the heterogeneous diagnostic groups could be identified in an inpatient psychiatric population. The effectiveness of four clustering techniques in separating diagnostic groups was compared using percent of coverage, between‐sample replication, between‐method replication, cluster differences on age, and cluster differences on diagnosis. The results showed cluster analysis to be a poor diagnostic discriminator when compared to diagnostic groups, which were considered the “true” clusters of the sample. The final conclusion of the study was that cluster analysis should not be used to form groups that would be diagnostically labeled because each analytic technique produced misleading

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198503)41:2<197::AID-JCLP2270410211>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY