摘要:

AbstractFifty Vietnam combat veterans diagnosed PTSD were compared with 50 controls, who were also combat veterans. The two groups were evaluated with a structured interview, and assessments were made of childhood and family histories, immediate preservice experiences, combat experiences, and postdischarge experiences. The two groups differed significantly in the intensity of their combat experiences and their perceptions of their homecoming experiences. Neither early history nor immediate preservice factors differentiated the two groups.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<687::AID-JCLP2270420502>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study evaluated the emotional and intellectual correlates of unsuccessful suicide attempts in persons with seizure disorders. Psychosocial evaluations were completed on 198 adults with epilepsy, of whom 32 had made one or more suicide attempts. The MMPI demonstrated increased anxiety and decreased ego strength among those with histories of suicide attempts in comparison to those without such a history. Intellectual abilities as evaluated by the WAIS were slightly lower among the suicide attempters, especially on language‐related tasks. Unsuccessful suicidal behavior in epilepsy is probably the product of multiple conditions and circumstances, including seizures themselves, decreased adaptive abilities, increased emotional problems, and the continual availability of agents (antiepileptic medications) with which a suicide attempt may be undertake

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<699::AID-JCLP2270420503>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDifferences between distress ratings of anticipated and experienced life events were examined (N= 168). Results showed significant differences between perceived and experienced aversion across events predicting symptoms of stress, depression, anxiety, and somatic discomfort in occupational, social, and familial situations. Gender differences were also found. Women reported significantly greater ratings of distress than men. Results reinforce the use of experienced events in overall distress assessment for individual clients, bring to question the existence of anticipated or perceived stress, and suggest that gender differences should be accounted for in the interpretation of distress measures.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<703::AID-JCLP2270420504>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhile considerable clinical literature exists on the personality characteristics of the different classifications of eating disorders, standardized psychometric measures have not often been utilized to compare the various disorders with each other. The present investigation employed the MMPI to study the similarities and differences of the mean profiles of 30 hospitalized anorexic patients, 30 hospitalized bulimic patients, 30 morbidly obese outpatients, and 30 subjects in a matched control group. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in the overall profiles of the three experimental groups, but that all differed from the control group. Individual scale analysis demonstrated that the three experimental groups shared a core disturbance demonstrated by common elevations on scales 1 (Hs), 2 (D), and 4 (Pd). Differences on scales 6 (Pa), 7 (Pt), 8 (Sc), and 0 (Si) were discussed in terms of the specific manifestations of the core disturbance symptomatology.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<708::AID-JCLP2270420505>3.0.CO;2-C

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationships of nightmare frequency to hypnotic ability, vividness of visual imagery, and the tendency to become absorbed in fantasy‐like experiences were examined. Subjects were 841 undergraduate university students who participated in group tests of hypnotic ability, after which they estimated the number of nightmares that they had experienced in the prior year. In addition, 406 of the subjects completed Marks' Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire, and Rotenberg and Bowers' Absorption scale. Of the subjects, 76% reported experiencing at least one nightmare in the prior year; 8.3% indicated one or more per month. Individuals with frequent nightmares scored higher on hypnotizability, vividness of visual imagery, and absorptio

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<714::AID-JCLP2270420506>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study focused on the relationships between therapists' preferences and expectations with regard to their own and their clients' role behaviors. Fifty therapists completed the Role Expectations and Preferences Questionnaire before entering 147 counseling sessions with clients. It was found that therapists' preferences differ from their expectations. This was more pronounced with regard to clients' behaviors than to therapists' role behaviors. Both preferences and expectations changed over time in therapy, but, contrary to hypothesis, the preferences‐expectations gap did not decrease over time. The overall pattern of results indicated that preferences‐expectations discrepancies reflect the therapists' assessment of the clients' willingness and/or ability to behave in ways prescribed by the therapists' theoretical orientation. The paper suggests that future research consider the time‐related aspects of role preferences and expectations and the consequences of preferences‐expectati

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<719::AID-JCLP2270420507>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe scores of DSM‐III‐diagnosed post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients (N= 116), psychiatric patients who did not meet the criteria, and normals (N= 19) on the Keane, Malloy, and Fairbank (1984) PTSD and Penk Combat scales for the MMPI were compared. The Keane scale discriminated PTSD‐positive patients from normals at a substantial level of accuracy (ω2= .23; mean hit rate = 80.50%) and PTSD‐positive from PTSD‐negative patients at a more modest level (ω2= .09; mean hit rate = 64%). The scores of the PTSD‐positive and PTSD‐negative patients were considerably lower than those of Keane et al.'s (1984) samples, which sugggests that local norms may be needed to facilitate their interpretation. The Penk Combat Intensity scale, which was correlated highly with the Keane scale, differentiated the PTSD‐positive patients from both the normals and the PTSD‐negative patients, but with less differentiating power (ω2's = .07 and .08). The Penk Combat Exposure scale did n

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<727::AID-JCLP2270420508>3.0.CO;2-4

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFactor analysis of the Bell Object Relations Inventory items produced four subscales interpreted to be underlying dimensions of object relations. Replication factor analysis confirmed the factor structure. Subscales had high internal consistency and were free of age, sex, or social desirability response bias. Subscales had low intercorrelations with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) sum scores, Global Assessment Scale scores, and most BPRS symptoms. Subscales appear to represent common features of personality and to sample a domain that is distinct from symptomatology, but related to variations in psychopathology. Percentage of high scoring subjects and subscale mean values are compared for seven criterion groups. High scores were least frequent among community active adults and most frequent among borderlines. Selected findings from the group comparisons are discussed to illustrate the potential of the instrument for empirical examination of theoretical assumptions about the object relations ego function and its components.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<733::AID-JCLP2270420509>3.0.CO;2-C

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of a variety of faking strategies on the Weight Factor correction scores (designed to detect malingering) of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, a relatively new personality questionnaire. Subjects (both psychiatric patients [N= 95] and general medical/surgical controls [N= 90]) were asked to take the MCMI according to one of the following instructional sets: (1) traditional faking‐good; (2) traditional faking‐bad; (3) role faking‐positive; (4) role faking‐negative; (5) role faking‐neutral; and (6) honest. The results indicated that neutral social role faking resulted in no significant differences in weight factor correction from subjects in the honest condition and that directionally role faked profiles did not differ in correction from those in the traditional “best” and “worst” conditions. Finally, only the Weight Factor corrections in the protocols from the fake bad conditions (whether in traditional “worst” or negative social role conditions) differed significantly from those in the honest conditions for both subject groups. Implications for the practicing cl

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<742::AID-JCLP2270420510>3.0.CO;2-3

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn established measurement of anxiety that uses MMPI items is Taylor's Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS). Because the items on the MAS are distributed over the entire MMPI, this measure is not available from a popular short form, the MMPI‐168. A new composite anxiety scale that comprises items on the MMPI‐168 is described, together with relevant normative statistics and its relationship with other MMPI sca

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<748::AID-JCLP2270420511>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY