摘要:

AbstractThe empirical literature that pertains to phobias of blood, injury, or illness (BII) is surveyed. BII phobia is selectively associated with a vasovagal fainting response upon exposure to phobic stimuli, and the clinical entity may represent an exaggeration of a response that is relatively prevalent in the general population. Clinical, demographic and etiological information obtained from a series of 15 BII phobics is presented, and the suggestion is made that this disorder warrants a diagnostic category separate from simple phobia.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<451::AID-JCLP2270410402>3.0.CO;2-O

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study compared the cognitive appraisals and incident ratings of urban American Indians (N= 50), Anglo‐Americans (N = 50), and Hispanics (N= 47) on a revised version of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). Results indicated no overall significant differences among the three ethnic groups. However, on comparison of individual life events items, the groups differed significantly on the cognitive appraisal of 8 items and on the incidence of 10 items. Of these items, only 2 overlapped between cognitive appraisals and actual incidence. Results are discussed in terms of potential use of the revised SRRS with these ethnic groups in future research on the relationship between life events and physical and psychological disorder

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<460::AID-JCLP2270410403>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty‐two college student subjects were selected on the basis of scores on the Creative Imagination Scale. Eight of the high suggestibility subjects were assigned randomly to each training mode, progressive relaxation (PR) and suggestions of relaxation (SR). The 16 low suggestibility subjects were similarly assigned, which resulted in a 2 × 2 factorial design with one repeated measure, a pre‐post relaxation scale that yields a total score and three subscale scores. A significant pre‐post relaxation effect emerged. Main effects were found both for suggestibility and mode of training. High suggestibility subjects performed significantly better regardless of the training mode. PR yielded significantly higher relaxation scores than did SR. An interaction between suggestibility and training mode occurred on the cognitive factor scale; subjects who scored low on suggestibility reported relaxing significantly better when the training mode

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<466::AID-JCLP2270410404>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRates, demographic correlates, and differential symptomatic expression as a function of gender of affective disorders and depression as measured by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were examined in 298 paid adult volunteers selected by the random digit dialing method. According to the DIS, 7.7% were diagnosed as current affective disorder, 6% as current primary unipolar depression, 23.5% as lifetime affective disorder, and 19.5% as lifetime primary unipolar depression. According to the BDI, 19.8% scored depressed: 10.7% as mildly, 5.0% moderately, and 4.0% severely depressed, respectively. Of 11 demographic variables whose relation to DIS diagnoses were examined in a multivariate context, only occupation was correlated significantly with current primary unipolar depression. Of the same variables whose relation to BDI score was examined, education and race were correlated significantly with BDI score. There was no evidence of differential symptomatic expression as a function of gender as measured by lifetime diagnosis of primary unipolar depression on the DIS.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<469::AID-JCLP2270410405>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe lack of published correlates for atypical or infrequent MMPI two‐point codes has contributed to reliance on less reliable actuarial descriptions and single scale correlates by the test user. When correlates are advanced through various interpretive systems, they are based on data obtained primarily from clinical subjects, which makes generalization to no clinical individuals dubious. From 113 subjects who had participated in a 3‐day career evaluation program, empirical descriptions were derived independent of the MMPI for profiles classified according to the most frequently occurring two‐point codes. Subjects of each code type group (N⩾ 220) were compared with the remaining subjects on 255 behavioral variables by a split sample replication analysis. From these results, interpretive narratives were developed for the 3‐515‐3, 5–9/94, and 4–5/5–4 high‐point pairs. The relevance of the findings to MMPI profile interpretations in g

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<477::AID-JCLP2270410406>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports reliability and validity data on the Unpleasant Events Schedule (UES), a 320‐item scale that assesses stressful life events. The UES assesses both the frequency and aversive ness of events within a 1‐month time frame. Rational, empirical, and factorial scales were derived from the UES. Of these, nine scales were retained that were mutually independent, demonstrated good internal reliability, and tapped various dimensions of clinical interest. A short 53‐item form of the UES also was developed. The UES correlated moderately (r = .37) with depression. A discriminate analysis revealed that the UES contributed significantly above and beyond scores on the PES (MacPhillamy&Lewinsohn, 1982) to the proportion of variance in discriminating depressed from no depressed sub

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<483::AID-JCLP2270410407>3.0.CO;2-0

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAssessment of psychological status in chronic pain patients is an important aspect of evaluation and treatment in pain management programs. Unfortunately, most of the psychological tests used in common practice have not been used extensively with chronic pain patients. Normative and comparative data must be generated to allow for valid and efficient psychometric assessment. The present paper is a preliminary comparison of several instruments of potential usefulness in the assessment of anxiety and depression among pain patients (N =34). The SCL—90—R appeared to offer the best combination of relevant data and efficient assessment. However, it was noted that there were significant inter correlations among the SCL—90—R sub‐scales, which suggests a unitary factor

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<499::AID-JCLP2270410408>3.0.CO;2-F

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study used a computer system to digitize Bender Gestalt Test (BGT) protocols. This digitizing approach, although performed by the computer, can be likened to (a) taking a grid at 1/100th inch resolution; (b) placing the grid over the drawn design; (c) reporting the X,Y coordinates that intersect the lines of the BGT drawing; and (d) developing norms for the drawings. Data were collected from 60 children diagnosed as severely emotionally handicapped and 60 children diagnosed as “normal.” A comparison was made between the computer digitizing method and the traditional method of scoring BGT protocols. The comparison was based on six indices selected from the 1977 Hutt Adience‐Abience Scale. Reliability results favored the computer approach. Criterion‐related validity was essentially unsuccessful for both computer and traditional scoring methods. Concurrent validity results indicated a limited degree of similarity between the two methods, and the discriminant properties of both methods differed. Results suggest that the digitizing method may offer an alternate and objective approach to BGT a

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<505::AID-JCLP2270410409>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBoth Rotter's I‐E Scale and Levenson's multidimensional locus of control scales (Internal, Chance, Powerful Others) are used frequently in clinical research. Though the Rotter total score typically is used, Collins and others consistently have found four separate factors when a Likert version was used: Belief in a Difficult World (DW), a Just World, a Predictable World, and a Politically Responsive World. Fleming and Courtney predicted and found that only DW was correlated appreciably with psychological adjustment. In the present study (N= 256), the combined Rotter and Levenson items were factor analyzed. Four factors similar to Collins' resulted, as well as a “Friendly World” factor. Levenson's Powerful Others items were the strongest contributors to DW and were judged consistent with Collins' construct—here interpreted as “personal powerlessness.” Most factor scales were correlated with masculinity; however, only DW proved a good indicator of general adjustment, consistent with pri

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<512::AID-JCLP2270410410>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractItems from three locus of control (LOC) tests and the Beck Hopelessness Scale were administered to 197 college students. Factor analyses produced multiple factors for each LOC test, but the Beck scale proved to be unidimensionai. Factor scales were constructed for each test, and scores were factor analyzed to discover common content. Each LOC test contained a salient dimension that described belief in luck, chance, or fate, and corresponding scales were well correlated. Internal control was the second common theme, with variations according to whether control was attributed to oneself or to people in general. The third common component expressed a personal helplessness or powerlessness. Each common factor was loaded by the Hopelessness Scale, which also correlated with all but one LOC factor scale.

ISSN:0021-9762    

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<517::AID-JCLP2270410411>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY