摘要:

The implementation of conversational speech interfaces based on the use of an intelligent frame-based dialogue controller is described. This approach, in conjunction with the automatic generation of syntactic constraints and a simple semantic template grammar parser, is shown to allow practical user-friendly voice-based information inquiry systems to be built using current connected word speech recognition technology.

DOI:10.1049/ip-e.1986.0037

出版商:IEE    

年代:1986

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The paper describes a wiring system which incorporates 4-bit microcontrollers to reduce costs. These devices may be custom produced with the specialised control program held on chip. Using these, a centralised control system with up to eight remote switching and monitoring units may be configured with a single data communications channel and power supply common to each. Standard automotive cable is used for this purpose as no screening is required with most vehicles. The system controls up to 64 automotive devices and, in the case of lights, can detect a broken bulb while either on or off. A special feature of the system is the provision of electronic overload protection on each output stage of the remote units. It is believed that this is the first time that such protection has been incorporated into an automotive wiring system and has been made possible by the use of a custom integrated circuit.

DOI:10.1049/ip-e.1986.0038

出版商:IEE    

年代:1986

数据来源: IET

摘要:

Many applications have a need for different degrees of fault tolerance in the same system. The paper presents the software architecture of a fault-tolerant distributed system which supports both cold and hot standby redundancy of selected software modules. Cold standby modules are created and activated by the system in order to replace failed modules, but no state information is preserved. Hot standby modules do preserve state information and provide transparent recovery from failures. A technique is used that allows modules to be programmed without fault-tolerance in mind; afterwards they can be transformed in order to achieve that capability. These two types of redundancy are supported by common mechanisms which provide for detection of failures and reconfiguration of the software modules of the application. Reconfiguration is also used to recover the reliability of the system by providing further standby modules to replace failed ones. We believe that this approach provides a simple, flexible, and practical approach for the provision of fault tolerance in distributed embedded systems.

DOI:10.1049/ip-e.1986.0039

出版商:IEE    

年代:1986

数据来源: IET

摘要:

A method for the identification of stuck-at bits on a data bus is described. Faulty data words are compared to isolate the stuck-at bits. A similar method can be used to identify an instruction which does not execute correctly in a processor instruction set. Here, faulty programmes, or faulty programme segments, are compared to isolate the faulty instruction. For both bus and instruction fault cases, probabilistic analyses are given with explicit formulas and data for the mean number of faulty samples required for diagnosis, and also the associated standard deviation. Both of these procedures use on-line data and are suitable for the diagnosis of intermittent faults.

DOI:10.1049/ip-e.1986.0040

出版商:IEE    

年代:1986

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The problem of generating a smooth two-dimensional curve through a set of sample points is examined. Such curve generation techniques can be used in curve coding for transmission (e.g. ‘Telewriting’) and in curve design. The paper examines some parametric interpolators which will generate such curves, with emphasis on techniques based on the Hermite cubic (or cubic subspline) interpolator. A new method is presented which gives the interpolator a performance similar to that obtained with finite impulse response (FIR) filtering. Comparisons are made with existing techniques using both visual results and computational complexity measures. The new method is found to have better locality, smoothing characteristics and a lower computational cost than alternative approaches.

DOI:10.1049/ip-e.1986.0041

出版商:IEE    

年代:1986

数据来源: IET